Occurrence and distribution of Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae) in the protected area network of Jammu Shiwaliks, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8805.16.9.25888-25893Keywords:
Activity pattern, camera-trapping, conservation, distribution, ecology, mammal, poachingAbstract
The Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata, a rare and elusive species distributed across the Indian sub-continent, remains poorly understood due to its nocturnal and solitary behaviour, resulting in a lack of understanding about its ecology. This study presents the distribution of the animal in protected areas in Jammu Shiwaliks, India using the data obtained from camera trap images. Eighteen mammals including the Indian Pangolin were recorded from 131 camera trap locations during 3,144 trap nights in a cumulative protected area of 127km2 in an elevational range of 358–880 m. Given its ecological significance, more rigorous surveys need to be conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the distribution, ecology, and habitat utilization of Indian Pangolin across the Jammu Shiwaliks.
References
Aditya, V., K.P. Komanduri, R. Subhedar & T. Ganesh (2021). Integrating camera traps and community knowledge to assess the status of the Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata in the Eastern Ghats, India. Oryx 55(5): 677–683. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605319001303
Ahmad, K., B.A. Bhat, R. Ahmad & I. Suhail (2020). Wild mammalian diversity in Jammu and Kashmir state, pp 933–953. In: Dar, G. & A. Khuroo (eds.). Biodiversity of the Himalaya: Jammu and Kashmir State. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation—Vol 18. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9174-4_36
Akrim, F., T. Mahmood, R. Hussain & S. Qasim (2017). Distribution pattern, population estimation and threats to the Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae) in and around Pir Lasura National Park, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9(3): 9920–9927. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2914.9.3.9920-9927
Carbone, C., S. Christie, K. Conforti, T. Coulson, N. Franklin, J.R. Ginsberg, M. Griffiths, J. Holden, K. Kawanishi, M. Kinnaird, R. Laidlaw, A. Lynam, D.W. Macdonald, D. Martyr, C. McDougal, L. Nath, T. O’Brien, J. Seidensticker, D.J.L. Smith, M. Sunquist, R. Tilson & W.N. wan Shahruddin (2001). The use of photographic rates to estimate densities of tigers and other cryptic mammals. Animal Conservation Forum 4: 75–79. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1367943001001081
Challender, D.W.S., S. Michael’t, G.W.J. Ades, J.S.C. Chin, N.C.M Sun, J. Chong, E. Connelly, L. Hywood, S. Luz, R.K. Mohapatra, P. Ornellas, K. Parker, D.W. Pietersen, S.I. Roberton, G. Semiadi, D. Shaw, C.R. Shepherd, P. Thomson, Y. Wang, L. Wicker, S.B. Wu & H.C. Nash (2019). Evaluating the feasibility of pangolin farming and its potential conservation impact, Global Ecology and Conservation 20: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00714
Challender, D.W.S., C. Waterman & J.E.M. Baillie (2014). Scaling up pangolin conservation. IUCN SSC, Pangolin Specialist Group Conservation Action Plan. Zoological Society of London, London, UK, 21 pp.
Chao, J.T., H.F. Li & C.C. Lin (2020). Chapter 3 - The role of pangolins in ecosystems, pp. 43–48. In: Challender, D.W., H. Nash & C. Waterman (eds.). Pangolins: Science, Society and Conservation. Academic Press, Elsevier, London, 658 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815507-3.00003-4
Chhabra, D. (2023). Pangolin - India’s Pangolins buried in illegal wildlife trade, traffic. United Kingdom. Retrieved from https://policycommons.net/artifacts/3450143/february-2023-pangolin/4250352/ Accessed on 05 Jun 2023. CID: 20.500.12592/sp80f7
Colyn, R.B., F.G.T. Radloff & M.J. O’Riain (2018). Camera trapping mammals in the scrubland’s of the Cape Floristic Kingdom—the importance of effort, spacing and trap placement. Biodiversity and Conservation 27: 503–520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1448-z
CITES (2017). Final Decisions Made at CoP17 on the Proposals to Amend CITES Appendices. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. https://cites.org/eng/cop/17/prop/index.php. Decisions-on-amendment-proposals.pdf. Accessed on 7 May 2023.
Irshad, N., T. Mahmood, R. Hussain & M.S. Nadeem (2015). Distribution, abundance and diet of the Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata). Animal Biology 65(1): 57–71.
Jenks, K. E., P. Chanteap, K. Damrongchainarong, P. Cutter, T. Redford, J. Lynam, J. Howard & P. Leimgruber (2011). Using relative abundance indices from camera-trapping to test wildlife conservation hypotheses – an example from Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Tropical Conservation Science 4(2): 113–131.
Joshi, R. (2016). Mammalian fauna of Rajaji National Park, India: a review on ecological observations and checklist. Check List 12(3): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.15560/12.3.1892
Karawita, H., P. Perera, P. Gunawardane & N. Dayawansa (2018). Habitat preference and den characterization of Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in a tropical lowland forested landscape of southwest Sri Lanka. PloS One 13(11): e0206082. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206082
Katuwal, H.B., H.P. Sharma & K. Parajuli (2017). Anthropogenic impacts on the occurrence of the critically endangered Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) in Nepal. Journal of Mammalogy 98(6): 1667–1673. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyx114
Khwaja, H., C. Buchan, O.R. Wearn & D.W.S. Challender (2019). Pangolins in global camera trap data: Implications for ecological monitoring. Global Ecology and Conservation (20): e00769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00769
Kumar, A., G. Sharma & I. A. Khan (2022). An updated checklist of mammals of Uttarakhand, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 122(1): 01–16.
Kumar, V.P., A. Rajpoot, M. Shukla, D. Kumar & S.P. Goyal (2016). Illegal trade of Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata): genetic study from scales based on mitochondrial genes. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences 6(4): 524–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2016.06.008
Lehmann, D., M.L. Halbwax, L. Makaga, R. Whytock, L.L.N. Malata, W.B. Mouele, B.R. Momboua, A.F.K. Pambo & L.J.T. White (2020). Pangolins and bats living together in underground burrows in Lopé National Park, Gabon. African Journal of Ecology 58(3): 540. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12759
Lyngdoh, S., S.P. Goyal, P. Nigam, V. Kumar, S. Badola & S. Rasailly (2020). Current population status, distribution and threats to Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in Terai arc Landscape, Uttarakhand. A Pilot Study. Final Report. Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, 56 pp.
MacKenzie, D.I., J.D. Nichols, G.B. Lachman, S. Droege, R.J. Andrew & C.A. Langtimm (2002). Estimating site occupancy rates when detection probabilities are less than one. Ecology 83(8): 2248–2255.
Mahmood, T., K. Kanwal & I.U. Zaman (2018). Records of the Indian Pangolin (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae: Manis crassicaudata) from Mansehra District, Pakistan. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(2): 11254–11261. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3314.10.2.11254-11261
Mahmood, T., D. Challender, A. Khatiwada, S. Andleeb, P. Perera, S. Trageser, A. Ghose & R. Mohapatra (2019). Manis crassicaudata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T12761A123583998. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T12761A123583998.en. Accessed on 24 September 2024.
Mahmood, T., R.K. Mohapatra, P. Perera, N. Irshad, F. Akrim, S. Andleeb, M. Waseem, S. Sharma & S. Panda (2020). Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Geoffroy, 1803), pp. 71–88. In: Challender, D.W.S., H.C. Nash & C. Waterman (eds.). Pangolins: Science, Society and Conservation. Academic Press, Elsevier, London, United Kingdom, 658 pp. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815507-3.00005-8
Mishra, S. & S. Panda (2010). Nocturnal behaviour of Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in captivity. Indian Zoo Year Book 6: 128–136.
Mishra, S. & S. Panda (2012). Distribution of Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata Gray (Pholidota, Manidae) in Orissa: a rescue prospective. Small Mammal Mail 3(2): 51–53.
Noor, A., K. Ahmed & Z.R. Mir (2016). Estimating abundance of some wild faunal elements of Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary, India. Journal of King Saud University-Science 28(3): 232–238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2016.01.001
Perera, P., H. Karawita & C. Jayasinghe (2022). The applicability of camera trap data to monitor the cryptic Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) populations: a survey from a tropical lowland rainforest in southwest Sri Lanka. Global Ecology and Conservation 34: e02046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02046
QGIS Development Team (2021). QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. http://qgis.osgeo.org.
Ram, M., D. Mesariya, D. Vasavada & D. Mehta (2022). Dietary composition of the Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in Gir National Park, India. The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology 83(1): 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-022-00266-x
Sathyakumar, S., T. Bashir, T. Bhattacharya & K. Poudyal (2011). Assessing mammal distribution and abundance in intricate eastern Himalayan habitats of Khangchendzonga, Sikkim, India. Mammalia 75(3): 257–268. https://doi.org/10.1515/MAMM.2011.023
Shrestha, A., S. Bhattarai, B. Shrestha & N.P. Koju (2021). Factors influencing the habitat choice of pangolins (Manis spp.) in low land of Nepal. Ecology and Evolution 11(21): 14689–14696. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8156
Singh, N., U. Bhatt, S. Chaudhary & S. Lyngdoh (2023). First photographic evidence of Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata Geoffroy, 1803 (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae), in Colonel Sher Jung National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 15(1): 22505–22509. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8244.15.1.22505-22509
Suwal, T.L. (2011). Status, distribution, behaviour and conservation of pangolins in private and community forests of Balthali in Kavre, Nepal. M.Sc. Thesis. Central Department of Zoology, Kirtipur, Kathmandu.
Suwal, T.L., A. Thapa, S. Gurung, P.C. Aryal, H. Basnet, K. Basnet, K.B. Shah, S. Thapa, S. Koirala, S. Dahal, H.B. Katuwal, N. Sharma, S.R. Jnawali, K. Khanal, M. Dhakal, K.P. Acharya, D.J. Ingram & K.J.C. Pei (2020). Predicting the potential distribution and habitat variables associated with pangolins in Nepal. Global Ecology and Conservation 23: e01049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01049
Tobler, M.W., S.E. Carrillo-Percastegui, R.L. Pitman, R. Mares & G. Powell (2008). An evaluation of camera traps for inventorying large- and medium-sized terrestrial rainforest mammals. Animal Conservation 11(3): 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2008.00169.x
Yasmeen, R., I. Aslam & A. Gondal (2021). Current status, distribution, and estimated threats to Indian pangolin in south Asia: a review. Pakistan Journal of Science 73(3): 588–595.
Zhang, F., S. Wu & P. Cen (2022). The past, present and future of the pangolin in mainland China. Global Ecology and Conservation 33: e01995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01995
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ajaz Ansari, Neeraj Sharma

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.


