Resolving taxonomic problems in the genus Ceropegia L. (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) with vegetative micromorphology
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The genus Ceropegia L. of Family Apocynaceae, subfamily Asclepiadoideae comprises 213 accepted taxa distributed in tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa, India, Australia and neighbouring regions. The taxa are mainly identified on the basis of flower morphology. A study was undertaken to reveal micromorphology of 26 taxa distributed in Western Ghats of India to solve the identity problems. The micromorphology is studied with standard microscopic methods in five replicates of each character and taxa to reveal the parameters, distribution of stomata, stomatal index, stomatal density, epidermal cell wall pattern and stomatal measurements. The data obtained was subjected to ANOVA to find out the experimental mean, standard deviation and standard error. A consensus phylogeny tree is constructed using the PAST on the basis of Jaccard similarity coefficient. Results of study revealed that, micro morphological characters, viz., type of stomata, number and characters of subsidiaries, anticlinal cell wall pattern, and stomatal index are very significant in delimitation of closely allied taxa. Beside ‘paracytic’ stomata, ‘tetracytic’, ‘isotricytic’, & ‘anomocytic’ stomatal types, and amphistomatic distribution are recorded for first time in Ceropegia. The taxa are separated easily from each other using vegetative micromorphology and can be identified even in absence of flowers. An identification key and phylogenetic tree is derived on the basis of vegetative micro-morphology and gross morphological characters.
Article Details
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.
References
Dilcher, D.L. (1974). Approaches to the identification of angiosperm leaf remains. Botanical Review 40(1): 1–159.
Diwakar, P.G. & R.Kr. Singh (2011). A new variety of Ceropegia attenuata Hook. (Asclepiadaceae) from Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Indian Journal of Forestry 34: 209–212.
Doyle, J.A. & P.K. Endress (2000). Morphological phylogenetic analysis of basal angiosperms: comparison and combination with molecular data. International Journal of Plant Sciences 161(S6): S121–S153. https://doi.org/10.1086/317578 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/317578
Hammer, Ø. & D.A.T. Harper (2006). Paleontological data analysis. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 351pp.
Hammer, Ø., D.A.T. Harper & P.D. Ryan (2001). PAST: Paleontological Statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaentologia Electronica 4(1): 1–9.
Harper, D.A.T. (1999). Numerical Paleobiology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 478pp.
Jagtap, A.P. & N.P. Singh (1999). Ceropegia L, pp. 211–241. In: Fascicles of Flora of India, Fascicle 24. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 332pp.
Kamble, S.S., A.N. Chandore & S.R. Yadav (2012). Ceropegia concanensis, a new species (Apocynaceae: Ceropegieae) from Western Ghats, India. Kew Bulletin 67: 1–6.
Kotresha, K. & Y.N. Seetharam (1995). Epidermal studies in some Bauhinia L. (Caesalpinoideae). Phytomorphology 45: 127–137.
Kotresha, K. & Y.N. Seetharam (2000). Epidermal micromorphology of some species of Cassia L. (Caesalpiniaceae). Phytomorphology 50(3&4): 229–237.
Kumar, S.R., Sharma & M.D. Dwivedi (2018). Ceropegia mizoramensis and C. murlensis (Asclepiadaceae) – two new species from Northeast India with phylogenetic and morphological evidence support. Taiwania 63(2): 163–170.
Metcalfe, C.R. & L. Chalk (1950). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: leaves, stem, and wood in relation to taxonomy, Vol. 1 & 2. Oxford University Press, Amen House, London, pp. 476–487 & pp. 917–919. (Available at http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.231112. 21/January/2017)
Metcalfe, C.R. & L. Chalk (1988). Anatomy of Dicotyledons, 2nd edition, Vol. 1. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 276pp.
Paliwal, G.S., C.B. Malasi & U. Rajput (1980). Multiplicity of stomatal types in Calotropis procera R.Br. Proceedings of Indian National Science Congress B46(5): 667–672.
Patil, S.G. & V.P. Patil (1983). Stomatal studies in family Vitaceae. Biovigyanum 9: 97–104.
Patil, S.G. & V.P. Patil (1984). Inter-specific variations in stomatal characters in Vitis, Cissus and Leea. Biovigyanum 10: 13–20.
Plant List (2019). http://www.theplantlist.org (accessed 13 March 2019).
POWO (2020). http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ (accessed 10 April 2020).
Prabhakar, M. (2004). Structure, delimitation, nomenclature and classification of stomata. Acta Botanica Sinica 46(2): 242–252.
Rahangdale, S.R. (2003). Genetic studies and stability analysis in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). PhD Thesis. Agharkar Research Institute, Pune; University of Pune, 273pp.
Rahangdale, S.S. & S.R. Rahangdale (2012). Variety Novae of Ceropegia mahabalei Hemadri et Ansari [Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae]. The Indian Forester 138(2): 201–203.
Singh, P., K. Karthigeyan, P. Lakshminarasimhan & S.S. Dash (2015). Endemic Vascular Plants of India. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, i-xvi+339pp.
Singh, R.K. & B.D. Chaudhary (1985). Biometrical Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 318pp.
Sujanapal, P., P.M. Salim, N.A. Kumar & N. Sasidharan (2013). A new species of Ceropegia (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) from India with notes on rare and threatened Ceropegia in Nilgiris of Western Ghats. Journal of Botanical Research Institute Texas 7(1): 341–345.
Surveswaran, S., M.Y. Kamble, S.R. Yadav & M. Sun (2009). Molecular phylogeny of Ceropegia (Asclepiadoideae, Apocynaceae) from Indian Western Ghats. Plant Systematics and Evolution 281: 51–63. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0182-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-009-0182-8