Description of life stages of dung beetle Scaptodera rhadamistus (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with notes on nesting and biology
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Immature stages of Scaptodera rhadamistus (Fabricius) are described for the first time along with notes on nidification and biology. The larvae differ from other Scarabaeinae species in the structure of raster on tenth sternum with two irregular bunches of serrations ventrally one on either half. Pupae with pronotum transverse having rounded margins resemble adults, and consist of four lateral, single caudal and single pteronotal support projection. Adult males and females differ in coloration, structure of pronotum, presence of spine like process on mesosternum and, in the structure of male and female genitalia.
Article Details
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.
References
Arrow, G.J. (1931). Fauna of British India Coleoptera, Lamellicornia Part III (Coprinae). Taylor and Francis, London, 374pp.
Chandra, K. & S.C. Ahirwar (2005). Scarabaeid beetles of Bandhavgarh National Park, Madhya Pradesh. Zoos’ Print Journal 20: 1961–1964.
Chandra, K., S. Khan, D. Gupta & S.P. Singh (2011). Additional records of scarab fauna (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae) of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India. National Journal of Life Sciences 8: 65–68.
Edmonds, W.D. & G. Halffter (1978). Taxonomic review of immature dung beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Systematic Entomology 3: 307–331.
Halffter, G. & E.G. Matthews (1966). The natural history of dung beetles of the subfamily Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Folia Entomológica Mexicana 12-14: 1–312.
Hanski, I. & Y. Cambefort (1991). Dung Beetle Ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, xiii+481pp.
Hayes, W.P. (1929). Morphology, Taxonomy and Biology of larval Scarabaeoidea. Illinois Biological Monographs. Vol. XII, No. 2. University of Illinois, Illinois, 166pp.
Mittal, I.C. & R.A. Jain (2015). checklist of Indian dung beetles (Coleoptera : Scarabaeidae). Indian journal of Entomology 77: 383–404.
Philips, T.K. (2016). Phylogeny of the Oniticellini and Onthophagini dung beetles (Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) from morphological evidence. Zookeys 579: 9–57.
Ritcher, P.O. (1966). White Grubs and Their Allies. Oregon State University Press, No. 4, 220pp.
Schoolmeesters, P. (2017). Catalogue of life. Available from: http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/4edb5905b3181bb4df7c9c8ccc049ee1. Downloaded on 27 March 2017.
Sreedevi, K. & S. Tyagi (2014). Diagnostics in larvae of white grubs (Scarabaeidae: Coleoptera) - important characters. Indian Journal of Entomology 76(2) 169–172.
Veeresh, G.K. (1980). Larval taxonomy of white grubs, with special reference to Melolonthine beetles. Final Report of ICAR Ad-hoc Project, 16–18pp.