Moist temperate forest butterflies of western Bhutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2297.8.3.8596-8601Keywords:
Biodiversity hotspot, Bhutanitis lidderdalei, Bunakha, Dochula Pass, eastern Himalaya, Ha Chu River, Lepidoptera, Wang Chu River.Abstract
Random surveys were carried out in moist temperate forests (1,860–3,116 m) around Bunakha Village and Dochula Pass, near Thimphu in western Bhutan, recording 65 species of butterflies. Of these, 11 species, viz., Straightwing Blue Orthomiella pontis pontis Elwes, Slate Royal Maneca bhotea bhotea Moore, Dull Green Hairstreak Esakiozephyrus icana Moore, Yellow Woodbrown Lethe nicetas Hewitson, Small Silverfork Zophoessa jalaurida elwesi Moore, Scarce Labyrinth, Neope pulahina (Evans), Chumbi Wall Chonala masoni Elwes, Pale Hockeystick Sailer Neptis manasa manasa Moore and White Commodore Parasarpa dudu dudu Westwood, are restricted to the eastern Himalaya, northeastern India and Myanmar. Two other species, Tawny Mime Chiasa agestor agestor (Gray) and Himalayan Spotted Flat Celaenorrhinus munda Moore have been only rarely recorded from Bhutan and a few individuals of the rare Bhutan Glory Bhutanitis lidderdalei Atkinson were also recorded near Bunakha.Â
ÂReferences
Evans, W.H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies-2nd Edition. Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, 454pp.
Gogoi, M.J. (2012). Butterflies (Lepidoptera) of Dibang Valley, Mishmi Hills, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 4(12): 3137–3160; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2975.3137-60
Haribal, M. (1992). Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and their Natural History. Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation, Gangtok, Sikkim, India, 217pp.
Kehimkar, I. (2008). The Book of Indian Butterflies. BNHS, Oxford University. Delhi Press, 497pp.
Khanal, B., M.K. Chalise & G.S. Solanki (2013). Threatened butterflies of central Nepal. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5(11): 4612–4615; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2825.4612-5
Singh, A.P. & R. Pandey (2004). A model for estimating butterfly species richness of areas across the Indian Sub-Continent: species proportion of family papilionidae as an indicator. Journal Bombay Natural History Society 101(1):79–89.
Singh, A.P. (2012). Lowland forest butterflies of the Sankosh River catchment, Bhutan. Journal of Threatened Taxa 4(12): 3085–3102; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2625.3085-102
Singh, I.J. & M. Chib (2014). A preliminary checklist of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhophalocera) of Mendrelgang, Tsirang District, Bhutan. Journal of Threatened Taxa 6(5): 5755–5768; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3675.5755-68
Smith, C. (1989). Butterflies of Nepal (Central Himalaya). Tecpress Service L.P., Bangkok, 352pp.
Smith, C. (2006). Illustrated Checklist of Nepal’s Butterflies. Craftsman press, Bangkok, 129pp.
Tshering, N. (2015). An annotated checklist of Butterflies from Royal Manas National Park, Gelephu, Bhutan. Spring 5: 1–9.
Poel, P. van der & T. Wangchuk (2007). Butterflies of Bhutan. Mountains, hills and valleys between 800 and 3000m. Royal Society for Protection of Nature (RSPN), Thimphu, Bhutan, 71pp.
Wangdi, S., K. Wangdi, Sherub, R. Wangdi, S. Drukpa, M. Harada, T. Aoki, S. Yamagchi, M. Saito, Y. Igarashi, Y. Watanabe & M. Yago (2012). Butterflies of Trashiyangtse Valley, eastern Bhutan (Part 1). The Butterfly Society of Japan (Teinopalpus) 62: 16–28.
Wangdi K. & R. Shrub (2012a). Nature Guide Series. Nymphalids, Brush-footed Butterflies of Bhutan. Ugyen Wangchuk Institute for Conservation and Environment, Bumthang, Bhutan,77pp.
Wangdi,K. & R. Shrub (2012b). Field Guide for Swallowtails of Bhutan. Ugyen Wangchuk Institute for Conservation and Environment, Bumthang, Bhutan, 130pp.
Wangdi, S., K. Wangdi, Sherub, R. Wangdi, S. Drukpa, M. Harada, T. Aoki, S. Yamagchi, M. Saito, Y. Igarashi, Y. Watanabe & M. Yago (2013). Butterflies of Trashiyangtse Valley, eastern Bhutan (Part 2). The Butterfly Society of Japan (Teinopalpus) 64: 4–15.
Wynter-Blyth, M.A. (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay, 523pp.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors own the copyright to the articles published in JoTT. This is indicated explicitly in each publication. The authors grant permission to the publisher Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society to publish the article in the Journal of Threatened Taxa. The authors recognize WILD as the original publisher, and to sell hard copies of the Journal and article to any buyer. JoTT is registered under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY), which allows authors to retain copyright ownership. Under this license the authors allow anyone to download, cite, use the data, modify, reprint, copy and distribute provided the authors and source of publication are credited through appropriate citations (e.g., Son et al. (2016). Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the southeastern Truong Son Mountains, Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam. Journal of Threatened Taxa 8(7): 8953–8969. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.2785.8.7.8953-8969). Users of the data do not require specific permission from the authors or the publisher.
