{"id":1358,"date":"2018-12-16T15:16:31","date_gmt":"2018-12-16T15:16:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/?p=1358"},"modified":"2018-12-16T15:16:31","modified_gmt":"2018-12-16T15:16:31","slug":"negotiating-hard-edges-in-the-home-of-tigers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/conservation\/negotiating-hard-edges-in-the-home-of-tigers\/","title":{"rendered":"Negotiating hard edges in the home of tigers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human-tiger interaction is a complex issue that needs to be addressed proactively to maintain long-term support of the local people in tiger conservation and management efforts in protected areas.<\/p>\n<h2>Struggles for survival<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The explosion in human and livestock population along forest edges, with the rising demand for agricultural and grazing land, exerts tremendous biotic pressure on the resources of the forest.\u00a0 As the human population encroaches natural habitats, people and wildlife increasingly compete over living spaces and food resources.\u00a0 When the ecological needs of tigers \u2014 large areas of forest and abundant large prey \u2014 are not met in their disturbed ecosystems, they are forced to stray out into human settlements.\u00a0 These increasing encounters often pose serious threats to their own lives as well as that of humans and their livestock.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Human-tiger interactions have been on the rise in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh, reputed worldwide for its high density of tigers.\u00a0 A recent study found that 27 cases of attacks on humans, out of which 11 were lethal, 1,603 cases of livestock predation, and five cases of poaching and revenge killing of tigers were reported in the area between 2001 and 2011.<\/p>\n<h2>Understanding interfaces<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Illegal entry of humans into the core and buffer area of the reserve was observed to be the major reason behind the attacks.\u00a0 Large herds of poor quality cattle that graze in and around the tiger reserve are easy targets for a roaming tiger.\u00a0 Poor livestock shelter and the absence of the practice of stall-feeding too seemed to trigger the lifting and mauling of cattle by the predators.\u00a0 People also entered the core zones to collect minor forest produce which, though restricted, is difficult to prevent being one of the major sources of their livelihood.\u00a0 People also seemed to frequent these zones for their daily needs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Despite the negative impacts, however, the majority of the people in the area seemed to be tolerant of loss and felt the necessity for tiger conservation.\u00a0\u00a0Since encounters with people and their livestock is a significant source of mortality for tigers in the area, there is an urgent need for a concerted effort to\u00a0control and manage the issue.<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 138px;\" width=\"670\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba Controlled grazing and rangeland management practices along with proper housing of livestock need to be implemented.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba Crossbreeding programmes need to be adopted to promote high yielding cattle instead of a large number of less productive stock.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba Toilets need to be constructed and its use promoted in the fringe villages to prevent people from roaming around the forest areas for defecation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25baWildlife habitat improvement and community-based conservation activities can promote human-wildlife coexistence and conservation welfare.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Reference<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Chouksey, S. &amp; S. Singh (2018).<\/strong> Assessment on the impacts of human-tiger conflict and community-based conservation in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India. <em>Journal of Threatened Taxa<\/em> 10(7): 11844\u201311849; <a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.11609\/jott.3015.10.7.11844-11849\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11609\/jott.3015.10.7.11844-11849<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Human-tiger negative interactions have been on the rise in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve in MP, India. How can this complex issue be addressed proactively?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":104,"featured_media":1364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[80,117,118],"class_list":["post-1358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-conservation","tag-human-animal-interaction","tag-protected-areas","tag-tigers"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Negotiating hard edges in the home of tigers | Jottings<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Human-tiger negative interactions have been on the rise in Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve in MP, India. 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