{"id":1138,"date":"2018-10-25T06:15:40","date_gmt":"2018-10-25T06:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/?p=1138"},"modified":"2018-10-30T05:21:37","modified_gmt":"2018-10-30T05:21:37","slug":"crawling-back-to-sight-skink-found-after-century-long-obscurity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/taxonomy\/crawling-back-to-sight-skink-found-after-century-long-obscurity\/","title":{"rendered":"Crawling back to sight: skink found after century-long obscurity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A cryptic, elusive, and forgotten reptile, India\u2019s Rurk\u2019s Cat Skink has shown itself after a lapse of a whopping 175 years since its original description and 90 years since its last sighting.\u00a0 In one of the world\u2019s longest games of hide-and-seek, a scientist working on southern Indian reptiles illustrates this little-known species in life for the first time from the southern Western Ghats.<\/p>\n<h2>Scales of uniqueness<\/h2>\n<div id=\"attachment_1145\" style=\"width: 212px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1145\" class=\"wp-image-1145 size-medium\" title=\"S.R. Ganesh\" src=\"https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Dp26ZeDUUAE1MzZ-202x300.jpg\" alt=\"Rurk's Cat Skink\" width=\"202\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Dp26ZeDUUAE1MzZ-202x300.jpg 202w, https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Dp26ZeDUUAE1MzZ-768x1142.jpg 768w, https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Dp26ZeDUUAE1MzZ-688x1024.jpg 688w, https:\/\/threatenedtaxa.org\/jottings\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Dp26ZeDUUAE1MzZ.jpg 806w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 202px) 100vw, 202px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-1145\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rurk&#8217;s Cat Skink Ristella rurkii. Top &#8211; type drawing, Middle &#8211; live adults, Bottom &#8211; live juvenile. (S.R. Ganesh)<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A small, leaf-litter-dwelling lizard that calls the dense forests of the Western Ghats its home, the Rurk\u2019s Cat Skink <em>Ristella Rurkii <\/em>belongs to the family Ristellidae, the only <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154b4d_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154b4d\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">skink<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154b4d\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Smooth-bodied lizard with short or absent limbs, typically burrowing in sandy ground and occurring throughout tropical and temperate regions.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154b4d_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span> family that is <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154bbb_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154bbb\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">endemic<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154bbb\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">Native or restricted to a certain place.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154bbb_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span> to the Indian subcontinent.\u00a0 It was, in fact, the first species to be described from its genus in as early as 1839.\u00a0 Apart from having a pale brown shining crown and back, its uniqueness lies in being the only smooth-scaled\u00a0reptile in its genus\u00a0and in having retractable claws, a peculiarity that also gives it its common name.<\/p>\n<h2>Forgotten in cold blood<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Despite being\u00a0long-known and the senior-most of the genus,\u00a0the Rurk\u2019s Cat Skink\u00a0has remained obscure to science for as long as 175 years since its first discovery.\u00a0 For the longest time, the skink was misidentified as being from northern India and also excluded from various reptile catalogues.\u00a0 Added to its cryptic appearance and elusive habits, these scientific mishaps disoriented subsequent attempts at documenting the species.\u00a0 The sole published information reporting a collection of the species was that from 1927 from the Western Ghats.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is then no surprise that this group ranks as one of the most\u00a0poorly-studied\u00a0lizards in the Indian peninsula and has been regarded as Data Deficient.\u00a0 Even basic information regarding its <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c0d_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c0d\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">morphology<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c0d\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">A branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c0d_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span>, distribution, and <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c4c_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c4c\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">natural history<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c4c\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">The scientific study of animals or plants in their environment, especially as concerned with observation rather than experiment.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c4c_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span> still stands unknown.\u00a0 In\u00a0a broader\u00a0sense, knowledge of its genus itself is rather scanty.<\/p>\n<h2>Chance encounters<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">During fieldwork in the\u00a0southern Western Ghats in January 2015, S.R. Ganesh, a <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c89_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c89\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">herpetologist<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c89\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">A zoologist who specializes in the study of reptiles and amphibians.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154c89_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span> in Chennai Snake Park, spotted the skink from the localities in and around the\u00a0Kodaikanal\u00a0Wildlife Sanctuary.\u00a0 From 60\u00a0man hours\u00a0of survey, a total of three individuals of the species \u2014 a juvenile, a male, and a female \u2014 were found.\u00a0 The individuals were directly examined <span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154cc3_button\" class=\"su-tooltip-button su-tooltip-button-outline-yes\" aria-describedby=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154cc3\" data-settings='{\"position\":\"bottom\",\"behavior\":\"hover\",\"hideDelay\":0}' tabindex=\"0\"><span style=\"color: #a12e55;\">in situ<\/span><\/span><span style=\"display:none;z-index:100\" id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154cc3\" class=\"su-tooltip\" role=\"tooltip\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-inner su-tooltip-shadow-yes\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF;color:#333333;font-size:16px;border-radius:5px;text-align:left;max-width:300px;line-height:1.25\"><span class=\"su-tooltip-title\"><\/span><span class=\"su-tooltip-content su-u-trim\">In the original place.<\/span><\/span><span id=\"su_tooltip_69f149e154cc3_arrow\" class=\"su-tooltip-arrow\" style=\"z-index:100;background:#FFFFFF\" data-popper-arrow><\/span><\/span> and compared with preserved specimens to establish unambiguous species-identification.\u00a0 Two near-term eggs were visible through the abdomen of the female, indicating that January falls within the breeding season of\u00a0the species, at least in this region.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As the present finding agreed in morphology with that of the preserved specimens and was from a previously known, verified locality, its veracity is clearly backed up.\u00a0 Pending further reliable reports,\u00a0Rurk\u2019s Cat Skink\u00a0should currently be considered as endemic to the southern Western Ghats, a fact that has got a direct bearing on its conservation status.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 138px;\" width=\"670\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba Refinement of the threat status evaluation of the Rurk\u2019s Cat Skink is recommended.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba\u00a0Further targeted surveys should continue to discover more populations of this species.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u25ba A broad taxonomic revision of\u00a0all the species in the genus <em>Ristella<\/em>\u00a0is direly needed.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Reference<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ganesh, S.R.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>(2018).<\/strong>\u00a0The rediscovery of\u00a0Rurk\u2019s\u00a0Cat Skink\u00a0<em>Ristella<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>rurkii<\/em>\u00a0Gray, 1839 (Reptilia:\u00a0Ristellidae) with remarks on distribution and natural history.\u00a0<em>Journal of Threatened Taxa<\/em>\u00a010(10):\u00a012376\u201312381;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11609\/jott.3946.10.10.12376-12381\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11609\/jott.3946.10.10.12376-12381<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A smooth-scaled skink with retractable claws, last seen 90 years ago, has been rediscovered in the forests of the southern Western Ghats in India.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":104,"featured_media":1157,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[43,109,24],"class_list":["post-1138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-taxonomy","tag-rediscovery","tag-skink","tag-western-ghats"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Crawling back to sight: skink found after century-long obscurity | Jottings<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A smooth-scaled skink with retractable claws, last seen 90 years ago, has been rediscovered in the forests of the southern Western Ghats in India.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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