Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 December 2024 | 16(12): 26328–26330
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online)
| ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8872.16.12.26328-26330
#8872 | Received 07
December 2023 | Final received 27 November 2024 | Finally accepted 10 December
2024
Megachile vera Nurse,
1901 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Megachilidae):
a new record of leaf cutter bee from Kerala, India
Anju Sara Prakash 1 & C. Bijoy 2
1,2 Shadpada Entomology Research Lab (SERL), Christ College
(Autonomous) [affiliated to University of Calicut], Irinjalakuda,
Thrissur, Kerala 680125, India.
1 anjusara2025@gmail.com,
2 bijoyc@christcollegeijk.edu.in (corresponding author)
Editor: V.V. Belavadi,
University of Agricultural Sceinces, Bengaluru,
India. Date of publication: 26 December
2024 (online & print)
Citation: Prakash, A.S. & C. Bijoy (2024). Megachile vera Nurse, 1901 (Insecta:
Hymenoptera: Megachilidae): a new record of leaf
cutter bee from Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened
Taxa 16(12): 26328–26330. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8872.16.12.26328-26330
Copyright: © Prakash & Bijoy 2024. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and
distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the
author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), Government of India [File No.
08/376(0008)/2019-EMR-I].
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: The authors express
their gratitude towards the principal, Christ College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda for providing facilities for the research. We
also acknowledge Dr. Sudhikumar
A.V., head of the Department of Zoology and Centre for Animal Taxonomy and
Ecology, Christ College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda
for providing the facilities for taking microscopic images of the specimen. The
first author is thankful to Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
(CSIR), Government of India for financial support in the form of Senior
Research Fellowship [File No. 08/376(0008)/2019-EMR-I].
Family Megachilidae is the third largest bee family in the world
with 4,169 species and with 239 species records from India (Ascher &
Pickering 2024). They are a family of bees with long-tongue just like the bees
of family Apidae but the fore wing of Megachilidae has only two submarginal
cells, except in Fideliini (Michener 2007). Genus Megachile Latreille, 1802
comprises of Leaf-cutter bees, resin bees and mason bees (Sardar et al.
2021). They are robust, non-metallic bees with tergal fasciae, and females of
this genus bear abdominal scopa (Gupta 1993). Bees of this genus are excellent
pollinators of many crops. Prakash & Bijoy (2022) recorded two new reports
of Megachile bees from Kole
wetlands of Kerala. In the present study, a specimen of Megachile
vera Nurse, 1901 was collected from Palakkal which is a part of the Thrissur
North Kole. A single female specimen of M. vera was caught in white pan trap that was kept in the
study site during field day. This species has been reported from various states
of India (Figure 1) including Rajasthan (Alwar, Deeg,
Sikar, Kota, Udaipur) Haryana (Hisar, Sonipat), Gujarat (Deesa,
Veeraval, Dantiwada),
Punjab, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Odisha, Tamil
Nadu, and West Bengal (Gupta 1993; Kumari et al.
2019; Sardar et al. 2021; Ascher & Pickering 2024). According to Gupta
(1993) the species, M. vera, belongs to
subgenus Eutricharaea Thomson. But
based on the latest update of world bee species guide and checklist the
subgenus of the species is uncertain (Ascher & Pickering 2024). So, here we
are not categorizing the species into subgenus level.
Detailed redescription of M. vera
is provided here along with images. Species identification was done using
original description by Nurse (1901) and subsequent detailed description by
Gupta (1993). Labomed Luxeo
6z microscope was used for identification and Leica DMC4500 digital camera
mounted on a Leica M205 C stereo microscope was used to take images of the
specimen. This species is a new addition to the bee fauna of Kerala.
Megachile vera
Nurse, 1901 (P.150)
Major diagnostic
features of M. vera includes dull orange colouration beneath fore femora, apex of trochanter and
femur of meso and metathoracic legs and terminally
tapered, slightly upturned apex of abdomen.
Female: Total length: 11.09
mm
Head: Black with white
pubescence; strongly punctate: white pubescence absent on middle region of
clypeus, supra clypeus and vertex; clypeus with medio-longitudinal smooth line;
supra clypeus impunctate; apical margin of clypeus with emarginations;
scape, pedicel black, flagellomeres light brown; pedicel and F1 almost equal in
length; F1 slightly shorter than F2; mandible 4 dentate, base covered with
white pubescence, incomplete cutting edge in 2nd and complete
cutting edge in 3rd interspace; gena with
slightly yellowish-white pubescence; genal area close to mandible with long
white branched hairs; vertex strongly punctate with incurved margin.
Mesosoma: Closely and coarsely
punctate; scutum slightly convex, anterior and lateral margins with
yellowish-white pubescence; disc of scutum and scutellum bare or with few
yellowish-white hairs; scutellum slightly convex with rounded posterior margin;
wings hyaline with brown veins; tegulae brown, finely punctate; propodeum
finely and closely punctate, covered with long yellowish-white hairs; legs with
white hairs except on the underside of tarsi; fulvous hairs on the underside of
tarsi; fore femora underneath, apex of trochanter and femur of mid legs,
trochanter and femur of hind legs dull orange; base of claws with setae.
Metasoma: Tapering towards
posterior end and slightly upturned; black with fine, close punctures at base
of tergal segments and coarse punctures towards apex; T1 covered with long
yellowish white hairs; T2–T5 with yellowish-white fasciae; T6 with black hairs;
T1–T5 laterally with long white hairs; T6 laterally with long black hairs;
Sternum black except slightly brownish on the apical margins of S2–S5; scopal hairs on S2–S5 pale white; scopal
hairs on S6 black; S6 finely punctate at base, coarsely towards apex; apical
region with fringe of short black hairs.
Material examined: 1
female, 16.ii.2021, Palakkal, Thrissur (10.478735 °N,
76.21322 °E), White pan trap collection.
Remarks: This species
resembles Megachile femoratella
Cockerell, 1918 in having dull orange-coloured femora of legs. Unlike M. vera, M. femoratella
doesn’t have terminally tapering abdomen.
For
figure & images - - click here for full PDF
References
Ascher, J.S. & J. Pickering (2024). Discover Life Bee
Species Guide and World Checklist (Hymenoptera: Apoidea:
Anthophila). https://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q.
Accessed on November 2024.
Gupta, R.K. (1993). Taxonomic studies
on the Megachilidae of north-western India (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apoidea).
Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, 294 pp.
Kumari, P., N.R. Kumar,
A.K. Sidhu & K. Chandra (2019). Taxonomic studies on
species belonging to subgenus Eutricharaea
Thomson of the genus Megachile (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). Journal of Applied and Natural
Science 11(3): 612–618.
Michener, C.D. (2007). The Bees of
The World [2nd Edition]. Johns Hopkins University
Press, London, 992 pp.
Nurse, C.G. (1901). New species of
Indian Hymenoptera. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal LXX: 150.
Prakash, A.S. & C. Bijoy
(2022). First reports of some Megachilid bees (Hymenoptera) from Kerala, India.
Taprobanica 11(1): 40–41.
Sardar, S., N. Warrit, A. Rameshkumar & S.I.
Kazmi (2021). New distributional records of Megachile Latreille, 1802 (Apoidea: Megachilidae) from Indian States.
Records of the
Zoological Survey of India
121(1): 23–29.