Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 January 2026 | 18(1): 28201–28214

 

ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) 

https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8869.18.1.28201-28214

#8869 | Received 05 December 2023 | Final received 30 November 2025 | Finally accepted 23 December 2025

 

 

An inventory of hymenopteran insects from division Jammu of Jammu & Kashmir, India

 

Charul 1, Anjoo Dhar 2, Shash Pal 3 , Shivalika Loona 4, Neha Choudhary 5, Sourabh Sharma 6   & Rakesh Kumar Panjaliya 7        

 

1–7 Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir 180006, India.

1 charulkhajuria@gmail.com, 2 dharanju17@gmail.com, 3 palthakur252@gmail.com, 4 shivalikaloona99@gmail.com,

5 nehachouhan850@gmail.com, 6 sourabh.zoology659@gmail.com, 7 rakeshpanjaliya@jammuuniversity.ac.in (corresponding author)

 

 

Editor: Himender Bharti, Punjabi University, Patiala, India.         Date of publication: 26 January 2026 (online & print)

 

Citation: Charul, A. Dhar, S. Pal, S. Loona, Neha Choudhary 5, Sourabh Sharma & Rakesh Kumar Panjaliya (2026). An inventory of hymenopteran insects from division Jammu of Jammu & Kashmir, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 18(1): 28201–28214. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8869.18.1.28201-28214

 

Copyright: © Charul et al. 2026. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.

 

Funding: The first author received financial support from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, through the INSPIRE Fellowship (Sanction No. DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180760).

 

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

 

Author details: Dr Charul is a researcher in the field of Zoology. She holds a PhD degree in Zoology and is currently affliated with Cluster University of Jammu. Her research interests include  biodiversity assessment, life cycle studies of insects, molecular studies. She has been actively involved in field-based and laboratory research. She has contributed to several academic studies. Miss Anjoo Dhar is a PhD research scholar in the department of zoology, University of Jammu and is affliated with the Zoological Survey of India, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Her research interests include taxonomy and molecular systematic study on insects with special emphasis on order Hymenoptera. Dr Shash Pal  is an assistant professor at the department of Zoology, University of Jammu. He holds a PhD degree in Zoology. He is actively involved in research on insect taxonomy and molecular studies, with a focus on species identification, systematics, phylogenetics and evolutionary relationships. Miss Shivalika is an assistant professor of Zoology at Government Degree College, with specialization in Genetics and a strong interest in biological diversity. Her highest qualification is Mphil. Her research integrates genetic and taxonomic approaches to understand insect diversity and species variation.

Mrs Neha Choudhary is a PhD research scholar in the department of zoology, University of Jammu. She is working on polycystic ovarian syndrome with a focus on molecular, genetic and physiological aspects of the disorder. In addition, she has a strong interest in biodiversity. Dr. Sourabh Sharma is an active researcher in the field of Zoology. He holds a PhD degree in Zoology. His primary focus is in the diversity of faunal and oncological studies. He works on understanding the molecular mechanisms, genetic regulations in the cancer progression. Dr Rakesh Kumar Panjaliya is an assistant professor at the department of Zoology, University of Jammu. He holds a PhD degree in Zoology. His primary research interests include molecular studies of insects, cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with different genetic disorders, cancer biology etc. He is actively involved in interdisciplinary research integrating molecular biology, genetics and biomedical sciences.

 

Author contributions: Charul: Conceptualization, Field sampling, methodology, Identification of specimens, formal analysis, writing-original draft. Anjoo Dhar: Identification of specimens, taxonomic verification. Shash Pal: Identification of specimens, Methodology support, Formal analysis, Data interpretation. Shivalika: Statistical analysis, Validation of data. Neha Choudhary: Writing review and editing. Sourabh Sharma: Critical revision of manuscript. Rakesh Kumar Panjaliya: Designed the study, Identification of specimens, analysed the data, validation of data, Overall supervison, approved the final version of the manuscript.

 

Acknowledgements: The authors want to acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Girish Kumar P. scientist-D Zoological Survey of India, Dr. Joginder Rilta assistant professor in Zoology Department of Biosciences Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Dr. Mohd Feroz, assistant professor, Zoology, higher education department, J&K and Umer Bin Farook, SKUAST Kashmir, for their help in the correct identification of the species in the study. The authors are grateful to the head, Department of Zoology, the University of Jammu, for providing necessary facilities and equipment availability (purchased out of RUSA/ PURSE/ DST-FIST grants). One of the authors, Charul, also acknowledges the financial support from the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, INSPIRE Fellowship under sanction no.: DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180760.

 

 

 

Abstract: Taxonomic survey has been conducted on the hymenopterans of Jammu region. A total of 165 samples were collected from different geographical areas of Jammu region and are systematically arranged in their respective families and subfamilies. The collected samples have been found belonging to 51 species, 37 genera, and 10 families. During the study, 14 species were recorded as first reports from the study region. The maximum of 22 species were recorded from family Formicidae, 13 from Vespidae, six from Apidae, two species from Crabroniidae & Sphecidae each, and the families Evaniidae, Halictidae, Megachillidae, Mutillidae, & Pompillidae are represented by one species each.

 

Keywords: Biodiversity documentation, faunal checklist, Himalayas, Hymenoptera, insect fauna, Jammu region, systematics, taxonomic inventory.

 

 

Introduction

 

Hymenoptera is one of the fourth largest orders of insects after Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera but is the most important order due to its economic value, ecological role as pollinators, biological pest control agents, and scavengers of the environment. It is well known that the increasing anthropogenic activities have shown detrimental effects on the biodiversity loss. There are many studies which provide us the direct evidence of the potentially drastic effect of this biodiversity loss on human health and nutrition (Martens et al. 1997; Sala et al. 2009; Eilers et al. 2011; Myers et al. 2013). The decline of pollinating species can lead to a parallel decline of plant species as 35% crops which account for global food production and supply up to 40% of the world’s supply of nutrients depend entirely on animal pollinators (Williams et al. 1991; Klein et al. 2007; Eilers et al. 2011). Bees and wasps are the most economically valuable pollinators of crop plants worldwide, and the yields of some fruit, seed, and nut crops decrease by more than 90% without these pollinators (McGregor 1976; Southwick 1992; Roubik 2002). Populations of wild pollinators can enhance production of many crops, but many of them are still awaiting  similar comparative pollinator studies. Even the ants are ecologically very important as they turn and aerate the soil, allowing water and oxygen to reach plant roots. Ants also act as decomposers in environment by feeding on organic waste, insects and other dead animals and help in cleaning the environment. Some wasps are important predators of crop pests and can be used as biological control agents as substitutes for chemical pesticides, which have adverse effects on crop yield. The evidence of successful use of the species as biological control agents is already documented (Donovan 2003). The social paper wasp Polistes satam is a successful predator on the larvae of two economically important crop pests, the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (a predator of Sugarcane Saccharum spp.) and the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (a predator of Maize Zea mays) (Southon et al. 2019). Similarly, the predatory activity of Polistes canadensis on Plutella xylostella, a predator of Brassica oleracea has been observed (Montefusco et al. 2017). Keeping in view the importance of this aspect of biodiversity, a preliminary taxonomic survey has been conducted on the hymenopteran insects of Jammu region. The species are catalogued systematically under the respective superfamilies, families, and subfamilies. The approach will prove useful in the conservation of the species as the first step of conservation is to identify them and then develop detailed conservation plans.

 

 

Material and Methods

 

Study area

The present study was undertaken at various geographical locations in different districts of Jammu region for a period of four years from 2019–2022. The different areas including crop fields, gardens, grasslands, forest areas, and household places, were explored for the collection of insects belonging to Hymenoptera.

The areas covered for the collection of specimens are depicted in Table 1 and Figure 1.

 

Methods

Collection of the insects was done with the use of collection nets and hand picking. The collected samples were killed with ethyl acetate vapours. The specimens were stretched and properly preserved in fumigated insect boxes. Keys given by Bingham (1897), Goulet & Huber (1993), Carpenter & Nguyen (2003), Michener (2007, 2010), Saini et al. (2011), and online identification platforms like Antwiki, iNaturalists were used to identify the collected specimens. The collected species after dry or wet preservation were submitted in the  useum of Department of Zoology, University of Jammu and ZSI Kerala.

 

 

Results and Discussion

 

A total of 27 geographical locations from different districts of Jammu region were surveyed from January 2019 to September 2022 and a total of 165 insect samples were collected. They were found to belong to 51 different species, 37 genera, and 10 families with maximum 22 species of the family Formicidae, 13 species of the family Vespidae, six species of Apidae, two species of Crabronidae & Sphecidae each, and the families Evaniidae, Halictidae, Megachillidae, Mutillidae, & Pompillidae are represented by one species each (Image 1–51). A total of 14 species were found to be new records from the region. All the identified species were submitted in the depository  and their respective accession number were generated.

 

The systematic checklist is as:

Order Hymenptera Linnaeus, 1758

Suborder Apocrita Gerstaecker, 1867

Superfamily Apoidae Latreille, 1802

Family Apidae Latreille, 1802

Genus Apis Linnaeus, 1758

Apis cerana Fabricus, 1793

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Girls Hostel University of Jammu, 32.718o N, 74.870o E, 319 m, 29.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO211.1, ZOO211.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 29.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO21.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 16.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO211.4); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, GCW Parade, 32.737o N, 74.865o E, 370 m, 20. vii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO211.5).

Distribution in India: Central India, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab.

 

Apis dorsata Fabricus, 1793

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Girls Hostel University of Jammu, 32.718o N, 74.870o E, 319 m, 29.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO212.1, ZOO212.2); 1 female, 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.732o N, 74.864o E, 352 m, 26.xii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO212.3, ZOO212.4).

Distribution in India: Throughout India.

 

Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Samba, Vijyapur, 32.705o N, 74.880o E, 341 m, 11.vi.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO213.1, ZOO213.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 16.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO213.4).

Distribution in India: Throughout India.

 

Tribe Bombini Latreille, 1802

Genus Bombus Latreille, 1802

Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith, 1852

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.282o E, 505 m, 23.vi.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO214.1, ZOO214.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 25.xi.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO214.3); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.278o E, 449  m, 24.x.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO214.4, ZOO214.5); 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 25.xii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO214.6); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.349o E, 669 m, 7.vii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO214.7).

Distribution in India: Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

 

Subfamily Xylocopinae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Xylocopini Latreille, 1802

Genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802

Xylocopa fenestrata Fabricus, 1798

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Botanical Garden of University of Jammu, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m, 16.iv.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO215.1); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610 N, 75.2822º E, 505 m, 08.vi.2020.

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Gujrat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

 

Xyclocopa pubescens Spinola, 1838

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Botanical Garden of University of Jammu, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m, 18.iv.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO260.1).

Distribution in India: Bihar, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal.

 

Family Crabronidae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Crabroniidae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Larrini Latreille, 1810

Genus Tachysphex Kohl, 1883

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajouri, Sunderbani, 33.049o N, 74.490o E, 576 m, 10.x.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO216).

 

Genus Tachytes Panzer, 1806

Material examined: 1 female, India: Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 25.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO217).

 

Family Halictidae Thomson, 1869

Tribe Halcitini Thomson, 1869

Genus Halictus Latreille, 1804

Halictus vicinus Vachal, 1895

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.278o E, 449 m, 24.x.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO218.1, ZOO218.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Ramban, 33.246o N, 75.193o E, 935 m, 15.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO218.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.6081º N, 75.2786º E, 449 m, 05.ii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO218.4).

Distribution in India: Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

 

Family Megachilidae Latreille, 1802

Genus Megachile Latreille, 1802

Megachile lanata Fabricius, 1798

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Nagrota Gujroo, 32.643o N, 75.391o E, 768 m, 15.ix.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO219.1, ZOO219.2).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Uttarakhand, Punjab, West Bengal.

 

Family Sphecidae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Sceliphrinae Latreille, 1802

Genus Chalybion Dahlbom, 1843

Chalybion bengalense Dahlbom, 1845

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m,7.x.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO220.1); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 29.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO220.2); 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, 32.724o N, 74.866o E, 316 m, 08.ii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO220.3).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Jammu and Kashmir (new record), Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, West Bengal.

 

Genus Sceliphron, Klug, 1801

Sceliphron madraspatanum Fabricius, 1781

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu and Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota Wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 30.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO221.1, ZOO221.2); 1 female, India, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Department of Zoology, 32.724o N, 74.866o E, 316 m, 09.vi.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO221.3).

Distribution in India: Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh.

 

Superfamily Evanioidea Latreille, 1802

Family Evaniidae Latreille, 1802

Genus Evania Fabricius, 1775  

Evania appendigaster Linnaeus, 1758

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, R.S. Pura, 32.604o N, 74.731o E, 272 m, 24.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO222.1)

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Superfamily Vespoidea Latreille, 1802

Family Formicidae Latreille, 1809

Subfamily Dolichoderinae Forel, 1878

Genus Tapinoma Foerster, 1850

Tapinoma melanocephalum Fabricius, 1793

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, University of Jammu, Girls hostel, 32.718o N, 74.870o E, 319 m, 30.xii.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO223.1, ZO223.2).

Distribution in India: All over India.

 

Subfamily Dorylinae Leach, 1815

Genus Aenictus Shuckard, 1840

Aenictus aitkeni Foral, 1901

Material examined: 1☿ (worker caste), India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 15.x.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO224.1).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Sikkim, and West Bengal.

 

Genus Dorylus Fabricius, 1793

Dorylus laevigatus Smith, 1857

Material examined: 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.349o E, 669 m, 07.vii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO225.1)

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record).

 

Subfamily Formicinae Latreille, 1809

Tribe Camponotini Forel, 1878

Genus Camponotus Mayr, 1861

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 309 m, 14.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO255.1).

 

Camponotus compressus Fabricus, 1787

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Ramban, Sanasar, 33.122o N, 75.262o E, 2048 m, 07.vii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO226.1); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 23.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO226.2, ZOO226.3); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 14.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO226.4, ZOO226.5); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Arnia, 32.519o N, 74.799o E, 271 m, 15.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO226.6, ZOO226.7); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Department of Botany, 32.718o N, 74.868o E, 313 m, 22.vii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO226.8, ZOO226.9); 1 female, India, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, Kot Balwal, 32.733o N, 74.876o E, 309 m, 05.xii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO226.10).

Distribution in India: All over India.

 

Camponotus pennsylvanicus de Geer, 1773

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Department of Zoology, 32.724o N, 74.866o E, 316 m, 27.xii.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO227.1).

Distribution in India: Assam, Jammu & Kashmir (new record).

 

Genus Polyrhachis Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis lacteipennis Smith, 1858

Material examined: 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Poonch, Mendhar, 33.605o N, 74.143o E, 939 m, 05.xi.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO228.1, ZOO228.2);

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Punjab, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

 

Tribe Formicini Latreille, 1809

Genus Formica Linnaeus, 1758

Formica clara Forel, 1886

Material examined: 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Doda, 33.149o N, 75.547o E, 1200 m, 10.x.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO256.1).

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir.

 

Tribe Plagiolepidini

Genus Lepisiota Santschi, 1926

Lepisiota integra Forel, 1894

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Manda, 32.749o N, 74.867o E, 414 m, 08.iii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO229.1); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Gandhinagar, 32.701o N, 74.859o E, 302 m, 05.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO229.2, ZOO229.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Kathua, Jatwal, 32.529o N, 75.168o E, 395 m, 15.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO229.4); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 16.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO229.5, ZOO229.6); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Bantalab, 32.784o N, 74.823o E, 375 m, 17.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO229.7).

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh.

 

Lepisiota sericea Forel, 1992

Material examined: 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Manda Zoo, 32.750o N, 74.871o E, 412 m, 08.iii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO230.1); 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, Government Higher Secondary School, 32.641o N, 75.349o E, 669 m, 23.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO230.2).

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra.

 

Subfamily Myrmicinae de Saint-Fargeau, 1835

Tribe Attini

Genus Pheidole Westwood, 1839

Pheidole indica Mayr, 1879

Material examined: 3☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajouri, 33.381o N, 74.386o E, 1035 m, 30.xi.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO231.1).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Tribe: Crematogastrini Forel, 1893

Genus Tetramorium Mayr, 1855

Tetramorium similimum Smith, 1886

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Arnia, 32.519o N, 74.799o E, 271 m, 15.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO257.1, ZOO258.2).

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab, West Bengal.

 

Genus Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865

Trichomyrmex aberrans Forel, 1902

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Botanical Garden, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m,17.vii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO232.1).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh. Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya Punjab, Uttar Pradesh.

 

Trichomyrmex destructor Jerdon, 1851

Material examined: 3☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, GDC Kathua, 32.386o N, 75.530o E, 344 m, 17.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO233.1, ZOO233.2, ZOO233.3); 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Janipur, 32.755o N, 74.849o E, 385 m, 18.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO233.4, ZOO233.5); 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jatwal, 32.529o N, 75.168o E, 395 m, 15.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO233.6, ZOO233.7).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Trichomyrmex scabriceps Mayr, 1879

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 14.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO234.1).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa,  Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Tribe Myrmicini de Saint-Fargeau, 1835

Genus Myrmica Latreille, 1804

Myrmica aimonissabaudiae Menozzi, 1939

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Udhampur, Patni top, 33.084o N, 75.335o E, 2024 m, 07.vii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO258.1, ZOO258.2)

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal.

 

Tribe Solenopsidini Forel, 1893

Genus Monomorium Mayr, 1855

Monomorium indicum Forel, 1902

Material examined: 2 females, 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Samba, Ghagwal, 32.509o N, 75.186o E, 366 m, 29.ix.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO235.1, ZOO235.2, ZOO235.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Ramban, 33.246o N, 75.193o E, 935 m, 15.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO235.4); 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.451o N, 75.370o E, 359 m, 22.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO235.5); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.385o N, 75.518o E, 348 m, 22.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO235.6).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Genus Myrmicaria Saunders, 1842

Myrmicaria brunnea Saunders, 1842

Material examined: 1 female, 2 males, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Manda Zoo, 32.750o N, 74.871o E, 412 m, 08.iii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO236.1).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Orissa, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

 

Tribe Stenammini Ashmead, 1905

Genu Messor Forel, 1890

Messor himalayanus Forel, 1902

Material examined: 3 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Doda, 33.1493º N, 75.5477º E, 1200 m, 01.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO237.1, ZOO237.2, ZOO237.3).

Distribution in India: Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Punjab, Rajasthan.

 

Messor instabilis Smith, 1858

Material examined: 1 female, 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.385o N, 75.518o E, 348 m, 22.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO238.1, ZOO238.2).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh.

 

Tribe Ponerini de Saint-Fargear, 1835

Genus Leptogenys Roger, 1861

Leptogenys diminuta Smith, 1857

Material examined: 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota wildlife sanctuary, 32.459o N, 75.411o E, 364 m, 17.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO239.1, ZOO239.2).; 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 12.vi.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO239.3).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Orissa, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.

 

Genus Odontoponera Mayr, 1862

Odontoponera denticulate Smith, 1857

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Jasrota, Jasrotsa mata temple, 32.471o N, 75.425o E, 383 m, 15.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO240.1, ZOO240.2).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

 

Subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae

Genus Tetraponera Smith, 1852

Tetraponera rufonigra Jerdon, 1851

Material examined: 2☿, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, Govt: Higher Secondary School, 3.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 23.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO241.1, ZOO241.2).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal.

 

Family Vespidae Latreille, 1802

Genus Indodynerus Gusenleitner, 2008

Indodynerus capitatus Gusenleitner, 2008

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.451o N, 75.370o E, 359 m, 24.iv.2022; 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Botanical Garden, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m, 15.ix.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO243.1).

Distribution in India: Chhattisgarh, Goa, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Karnataka, Kerala, and Madhya Pradesh.

 

Genus Vespa Linnaeus, 1758

Vespa basalis Smith, 1852

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Jammu university Hostel, 32.718o N, 74.870o E, 319 m, 04.vii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO244.1); 3 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Reasi, Domael, 32.939o N, 74.949o E, 715 m, 04.xi.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO244.2, ZOO244.3, ZOO244.4); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.278o E, 449 m, 22.iii.2020 ((Reg. No. ZOO244.5); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.278o m, 449 m, 03.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO244.6).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Meghalaya, Mizoram, Orissa, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

 

Vespa tropica Linnaeus, 1758

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.282o E, 500 m, 06.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO245.1, ZOO245.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.282o E, 500 m, 03.iv.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO245.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.282o E, 449 m, 07.vii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO245.4).

Distribution in India: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir (new record), Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Pondicherry, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal.

 

Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Nagrota Gujroo, 32.643o N, 75.391o E, 768 m, 15.ix.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO246.1, ZOO246.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Talab Tillo, 32.722o N, 74.837o E, 287 m, 22.ix.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO246.3).; 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.288o E, 449 m, 4.xi.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO246.4).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, and West Bengal.

 

Subfamily Eumeninae Latreille, 1802

Genus Antepipona de Saussure, 1855

Antepiporia bipustulata de Saussure, 1856

Material examined: 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot,32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 30.x.2019 (Reg. No. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV.23171).; 2 males, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajouri, Sunderbani, 33.049o N, 74.490o E, 576 m, 08.ix.2022. (Reg. No. ZOO261.1, ZOO261.2).

Distribution in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Meghalaya, Nagaland.

 

Genus Antodynerus de Saussure, 1855

Antodynerus limbatus de Saussure, 1852

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.278o E, 449 m, 24.x.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO247.1, ZOO247.2).; 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.610o N, 75.278o E, 500 m, 06.viii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO247.3); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajouri, Sunderbani, 33.049o N, 74.490o E, 576 m, 01.ix.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO247.4).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.

 

Genus Delta de Saussure, 1855

 Delta pyriforme pyriforme Fabricius, 1775

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.278o E, 449 m, 24.x.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO248.1).

Distribution in India: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Pondicherry, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

 

Genus Rhynchium Spinola, 1806

Rhynchium brunneum Spinola, 1808

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.608o N, 75.278o E, 449 m, 20.viii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO249.1, ZOO249.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, R.S. Pura, 32.604o N, 74.731o E, 272 m, 20.xii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO249.3).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir (new record), Karnataka, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.

 

Subfamily Polistinae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Polistini Latreille, 1802

Genus Polistes Latreille, 1802

Polistes indicus Stolfa, 1934

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Gandhi Nagar, 32.701o N, 74.859o E, 302 m, 30.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO250.1).

Distribution in India: Jammu & Kashmir (new record).

 

Polistes olivaceus de Geer, 1773

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 25.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO251.1); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Akhnoor, 32.899o N, 74.742o E, 330 m, 28.viii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO251.2); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu University, Botanical Garden, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m, 28.ix.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO251.3).

Distribution in India: Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Odisha, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

 

Polistes quadricingulatus Gusenleitner, 2006

Material examined: 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kishatwar, 33.322o N, 75.776o E, 1801 m, 22.vii.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO252.1, ZOO252.2).

Distribution in India: Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh.

 

Polistes watti Cameron 1900

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Botanical garden, 32.719o N, 74.868o E, 314 m, 24.xii.2020 (Reg. No. ZOO253.1).; 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Samba, Vijaypur, 32.705o N, 75.888o E, 341 m, 06.xi.2021 (Reg. No. ZOO253.2, ZOO253.3); 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajouri, Sunderbani, 33.049o N, 74.490o E, 576 m, 05.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO253.4); 2 females, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, R.S. Pura, 32.604o N, 74.731o E, 272 m, 07.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO253.5, ZOO254.6); 2 females,1 male, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Arnia, 32.519o N, 74.799o E, 271 m, 08.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO253.7, ZOO253.8, ZOO253.9); 1 female, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, Kotbalwal, 32.733o N, 74.876o E, 309 m, 10.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO253.10); 1 female, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, 32.385o N, 75.518o E, 348 m, 24.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO253.11).

Distribution in India: Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal.

 

Tribe Ropalidiini Guerin-Meneville, 1831

Genus Ropalidia Guerin-Meneville, 1831

Ropalidia brevita Das & Gupta, 1989

Material examined: 2 females, 1 male, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 25.viii.2019 (Reg. No. ZOO254.1, ZOO254.2); 1 female, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.604o N, 75.288o E, 516 m, 17.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO254.3); 2 females, Jammu & Kashmir, Punch, Mendhar, 33.605o N, 74.143o E, 938 m, 01.v.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO254.4, ZOO254.5).

Distribution in India: Assam, Delhi, Goa, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir (new record), Orissa, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal.

 

Unidentified Species:

Family Mutillidae Latreille, 1802

Subfamily Mutillinae Latreille, 1802

Genus Promecilla Andre, 1902

Material examined: 2 males, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Udhampur, 32.641o N, 75.141o E, 680 m, 07.vii.2022; 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Kathua, Ramkot, 32.641o N, 75.343o E, 666 m, 12.ix.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO259.1).

 

Family Pompilidae Latreille, 1804

Material examined: 1 female, India, Jammu & Kashmir, Jammu, University of Jammu, Department of Zoology, 32.724o N, 74.866o E, 316 m, 08.iv.2022 (Reg. No. ZOO242.1).

 

There are 14 species which are first records from Jammu region: Aenictus aitkeni, Antepipona bipustulata, Antodynerus limbatus, Camponotus pennsylvanicus, Chalybion bengalense, Delta pyriforme pyriforme, Dorylus laevigatus, Indodynerus capitatus, Polistes indicus, Rhynchium brunneum, Ropalidia brevita, Sceliphron madraspatanum, Vespa basalis, and Vespa tropica.

 

 

Discussion

 

Similar studies were conducted by various works in different parts of Jammu & Kashmir. Saini et al. (2012) investigated the species diversity of bumblebees from Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh provinces. During the study, they found across various species of bumble bees with four first records from the region namely, Bombus cornutus, B. partthenius, B. miniatus, and B. morawitizianus. The species Bombus morawitizianus was also the first record from the nation during their study. studied the insect community of Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary, Jammu and Kashmir and found that the Hymenoptera is the second most diverse insect order in the region after Lepidoptera. Rajmohana et al. (2018) recorded 3,054 species of Hymenoptera from the Himalayan biogeographic zone and the ZSI published their findings. Wachkoo et al. (2020) was the first to record the inventory of ants’ species from Jammu & Kashmir based on the museum collections and scientific literature. Their studies recorded 198 ants belonging to 54 genera from the region. Rameshkumar et al. (2024) has also made the inventory of Hymenoptera species from Jammu & Kashmir and provided a list of 764 species from the state.

Various workers studied the diversity of the order Hymenoptera from different regions of the country. The region-specific studies collectively establish that Hymenoptera diversity varies significantly across biogeographic zones, land-use types, and states in India.

Badwaik (2022) prepared a comprehensive list of ant species from Wardha District of Maharashtra and recorded 57 species belonging to 30 genera and six subfamilies. Gawas & Gupta (2022) compared the diversity of Vespid wasps in the forest and agroecosystem of Western Ghats region of Goa. They found that the forest ecosystem is rich in diversity of Vespidae with 125 individuals belonging to 19 species and 12 genera while 106 individuals belonging to 13 species and seven genera were recorded from agroecosystems, showing the influence of habitat type on species richness.

The studies are notable for their coverage of semi-evergreen forest ecosystems, arid & semi-arid landscapes and highlights the species richness of hymenopterans in western India.

The study documented 50 species across 21 families and 42  genera, indicating a rich and diverse hymenopteran fauna in the northeastern plains. Minz et al. (2024) prepared an annotated checklist from the Chattisgarh region and documented the diversity of Chalcididae in the region, contributed to the understanding of parasitoid wasp distribution. In this way, the studies well explained the diversity of Hymenopterans in the Eastern and Northeastern region of India.

Jangra et al. (2022) conducted a study on the semi-arid Green park area of Hisar region in Haryana and documented nine ant species representing seven genera and three subfamilies, highlighting the adaptability of ants in diverse habitats. The studies cover the Southern and Northern regions of the India.

The analysis of different region-specific studies provides a more informed and comparative analysis of hymenopteran diversity and underscores the importance of localized surveys in understanding the distribution patterns and ecological roles of hymenopteran insects. The findings of the current study from the Jammu region contribute to this growing knowledge and highlight the need for continued research in the region.

 

Table 1. The geographical information of the collection sites.

Country

State/UT

District

Name of collection site

Latitude (oN)

Longitude (oE)

Height (m)

India

Jammu & Kashmir

Doda

Doda

33.1493

75.5477

1,200

Jammu

 

 

 Akhnoor

32.8995

74.7425

330

Arnia

32.5192

74.7995

271

Bantalab

32.7843

74.8237

375

Botany Department, JU

32.7189

74.8680

313

Botanical Garden, JU

32.7194

74.8681

314

Department of Zoology

32.7242

74.8666

316

Gandhinagar, Jammu

32.7014

74.8596

302

GCW Parade

32.7377

74.8656

370

Hostel, JU

32.7180

74.8702

319

Janipur

32.7553

74.8497

385

Kot Balwal

32.7334

74.8760

309

Manda Zoo

32.7497

74.8673

414

Manda Zoo

32.7503

74.8713

412

R.S. Pura

32.6049

74.7315

272

Talab Tillo

32.7226

74.8376

287

Kathua

 

 

GDC Kathua

32.3863

75.5300

344

Jasrota Mata

32.4717

75.4259

383

Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary

32.4596

75.4113

364

Jatwal

32.5297

75.1689

395

Kathua Station 1

32.3857

75.5186

348

Kathua Station 2

32.4510

75.3705

359

Kathua Station 3

32.7329

74.8642

352

Nagrota Gujroo

32.6430

75.3911

768

Ramkot Station 1

32.6042

75.2881

516

Ramkot Station 2

32.6081

75.2786

449

Ramkot Station 3

32.6101

75.2822

505

Ramkot Station 4

32.6103

75.2823

500

Ramkot Station 5

32.6418

75.3436

666

Ramkot Station 6

32.6418

75.3494

669

Kishtwar

Kishtwar

33.3223

75.7765

1,801

Poonch

Mendhar

33.6051

74.1431

938

Rajouri

 

Rajouri

33.3818

74.3865

1,035

Sunderbani

33.0493

74.4907

576

Ramban

 

Ramban

33.2464

75.1939

935

Sanasar

33.0653

75.1565

1,727

Reasi

Domael, Katra

32.9395

74.9499

715

Samba

 

Ghaghwal

32.5092

75.1863

366

Vijaypur

32.7053

74.8800

341

Udhampur

 

Patnitop

33.0847

75.3354

2,024

Udhampur

32.9160

75.1416

680

 

 

For figure & images - - click here for full PDF

 

 

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