Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 February 2024 | 16(2): 24812–24815
ISSN 0974-7907
(Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8823.16.2.24812-24815
#8823 | Received 10 November 2023 | Final received 21 January 2024 |
Finally accepted 04 February 2024
A new record of genus Synedrus Graham, 1956 with description of
male of Synedrus kasparyani
Tselikh, 2013 from India
Mubashir Rashid 1 &
Arvind Kumar 2
1,2 Forest Entomology Discipline,
Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248006, India.
1 mubashirchapoo10@gmail.com, 2
arvind.ento@gmail.com (corresponding author)
Editor: P.M. Sureshan, Zoological Survey of
India, Calicut, India. Date of publication: 26 February
2024 (online & print)
Citation:
Rashid, M. & A. Kumar (2024). A new record of genus Synedrus Graham, 1956 with description of male of Synedrus kasparyani Tselikh, 2013 from India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 16(2): 24812–24815. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8823.16.2.24812-24815
Copyright: © Rashid & Kumar 2024. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License. JoTT
allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any
medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of
publication.
Funding: None.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: Authors would like to thanks Director Forest Research Institute for providing
research facilities.
Abstract: The genus Synedrus
Graham, 1956 is recorded from India for the first time. The male of Synedrus kasparyani
Tselikh, 2013 is described. Additional characters and
images of female are also provided.
Keywords: Biocontrol, citrus, diversity, Pteromalidae, parasitoids, Rutaceae,
taxonomy.
The genus Synedrus
Graham, 1956 based on the type species Synedrus
cavigena Graham, 1956 was described from France.
The genus is represented by only three species, viz: Synedrus
crassicornis Graham, 1992 (from France); Synedrus kasparyani
Tselikh, 2013 (from Russia & South Korea), and Synedrus transiens
(Walker, 1835) (from Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia, Netherlands,
Sweden, United Kingdom, and Russia).
As such there is no host record
for the species of Synedrus Graham, 1956
except Synedrus transiens
(Walker, 1835) has been found to be associated with Fagaceae
family (Quercus sp.) (Noyes, 2019). In the present study, both male and
female specimens of Synedrus kasparyani Tselikh, 2013 were
found to be associated with Rutaceae family (Citrus
sp.).
Materials and Methods
The specimens were collected
during field survey from Jammu & Kashmir in June 2021 with aspirator from
Citrus and preserved in 80% alcohol. Specimen were examined under MAGNUS MSZ-Bi
binocular microscope at FRI, Dehradun and genus level identification was done
with the key of Bouček & Rasplus
(1991); species level identification was done with that of Tselikh
(2013) and Graham (1969). For the better description of the characters,
photographs have been taken under Leica M-205C trinocular stereo zoom
microscope fitted with HD camera, and images were analyzed with LAC-16 image
analyzing software at systematic laboratory, Forest Entomology Discipline,
ICFRE-FRI, Dehradun.
Morphological terminology follows
Gibson (1997). Following abbreviations used in this paper are: POL—posterior ocellar line, the minimum distance between the posterior
ocelli | OOL—ocello-ocular line, the minimum distance
between the posterior ocellus and eye | F1–F6, funicular segments (antennal
segments between anelli and clava);
FW—forewing | SMV—submarginal vein | MV—marginal vein
| PMV—postmarginal vein | STV—stigmal
vein |T1–T6—tergum 1 to 6.
Specimen deposition: The
specimens were deposited in National Forest Insect Collection (NFIC), Forest
Research Institute, Dehradun, India and accession number was obtained.
Result and Discussion
Synedrus Graham, 1956
Genus Synedrus
Graham, 1956 can be identified by the combination of characters: antennal
formula 11353, while 11263 in male, 3rd anelli
quadrate in female with micropilosity extending up to
base of clava; pronotal
collar carinate in both sexes; scutellum convex in profile/lateral view. Nucha reticulate and long, median carina absent; traces of
transverse carina are present; petiole transverse; stigma of FW moderately
capitate; PMV longer than MV.
The male specimen of Synedrus kasparyani
Tselikh, 2013 has been described here and the notes
and illustrations of female specimen has been provided.
Synedrus kasparyani Tselikh,
2013
2013. Tselikh,
E.V. Chalcid wasps of the family Pteromalidae
(Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) of the Kuril Islands. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie.
92(3): 620–621.
Synedrus kasparyani has been described from Russia
based on the female type. It is first time recorded from India and its detailed
morphological diagnostic note is provided here.
Female: (Image 1A–L). Body length
2.3 mm.
Coloration: Head, mesosoma
golden yellow, gaster green with golden reflection;
Eyes cupreous, ocelli silvery white; mandibles yellowish except teeth
testaceous; palpi yellowish; antennae with scape and pedicelpale
yellowish, anelli & flagellum brownish; FW
hyaline, veins paler; legs with all coxae concolorous with mesosoma, rest of
legs yellowish except tips of tarsal segments brown. Sculpture: Head strongly
& uniformly reticulate, clypeal margin demarcated from face with striae radiating from face, clypeal region comparatively
smoother from rest of face, reticulation on gena
finer; mesosoma strongly but nonuniformly reticulate, mesoscutum
and scutellum with deep & strong reticulation, axillar reticulation broader
but superficial, axillula with small reticulation; mesoscutum & dorsellum smooth
& shiny, nucha strongly reticulate, callus
smooth.
Additional characters
Head: white curved hairs present
on head; Antennae 11353, 3rd anelli
quadrate; maxillary palpi 4-segmented; genal suture prominent.
Mesosoma: pronotal
collar much narrower than mesoscutum, hind margin of
mid lobe of mesoscutum produced, prepectus
small, median carina absent, metanotum including dorsellum smooth & shiny; plicae sharply present,
traces of transverse carina are present, spiracles oblong are of normal size, a spine or finger-nail
like structure is present on both the sides of callus, long white hairs present
on both sides of callus; FW bare in basal part, basal setal
line present, cubital setal line absent, SMV 0.36x as
long as FW length, stigma of FW moderately capitate, uncus present, short
marginal fringes also present.
Metasoma: T1 longest, its
hind margin slightly produced; hind margin of each tergite with at least one
row of white setae, hypopygium reaching half of gaster
(base of T4); ovipositor, exerted outside last tergite.
Material examined: 2 female,
India: Jammu & Kashmir: Hidyal; 23.vi.2021; coll.
Mubashir Rashid; Accession number- FRI/NFIC/22304-A,B.
Biology: Specimens were collected
from Citrus sp.
Synedrus kasparyani Tselikh,
2013
Description: Male: (Image 2A–I).
Body length 1.97 mm.
Color: (Image 2A–I). Head,
mesosoma metallic green with diffuse coppery lustre,
mandibles yellowish-brown except teeth brownish, eyes dark brown; antennae
brownish with scape yellowish and pedicel testaceous; FW hyaline, veins brown.
Legs with all coxae concolorous with mesosoma, proximal part of hind femur
testaceous, rest of legs yellowish, tips of tarsal segments brown. Gaster bluish blackish or brownish with median part yellowish.
Sculpture: Head and mesosoma
strongly and uniformly reticulate except clypeal region smooth with striae radiating from mouth margin, reticulation on malar
region finer, axillar edges smooth; frenal area and nuchal reticulation same; metanotum, dorsellum, and callus
smooth.
Head: (Image 2B–E). Clypeal
margin with broad and short tooth, clypeal region distinctly separated from
face with striae radiating from mouth margin. Head in
frontal view 1.36x as broad as head height and dorsally 2.22x as broad as long;
eyes 2.47x as long as broad; malar space 0.53x as long as eye length; antennal toruli-vertex 0.61x as long as antennal toruli-clypeus;
distance between eyes 0.62x as long as head breadth; POL 1.27x OOL; temple
0.18x as eye length. Genal suture strongly present; Mandibles with four teeth
each. Antennae (Images 2D,E) 11263, inserted nearly in
the middle of face with scape reaching or slightly above median ocelli,
antennal scrobes shallow, all flagellar segments
hairy, distinctly longer than broad; pedicel somewhat globular, F1
approximately 2x pedicel, clava longer than two
preceding flagellar segments combined (F5+F6).
Mesosoma: (Image 2F–H).
Mesosoma, 1.6x as long as broad; pronotum short, carinate, 0.11x as long as mesoscutum; mesoscutum 0.56x as
long as broad, notauli incomplete; scutellum 1.08x as long as broad, axillar
groove anteriorly wide apart so that scutellum broadly borders on mesoscutum. Propodeum (Image 2G) with median carina absent,
plicae sharply present, traces of transverse carina are present, spiracular
sutures broad and oval; spine like structure (Image 2G) present on both sides
of callusas in female; nucha
reticulate and long. FW (Image2H) hyaline, veins brown, 2.15x as long as broad;
SMV 0.35x as long as FW; MV longer than STV (1.16X) but shorter than PMV, MV
0.76x as long as PMV; STV 0.65x PMV; stigma of FW moderately capitate and
brown. Basal cell with few setae; costal cell with few scattered setae;
speculum broad and closed below.
Metasoma: (Image 2). Gaster elongate (4.02x as long as broad), dorsally bluish
or blackish or brownish with median part yellowish, distinctly longer than
mesosoma (1.35x), a row of white hairs present on each
tergite.
Material examined: 2 males,
India: Jammu & Kashmir: Hidyal; 23.vi.2021; coll.
Mubashir Rashid; Accession number- FRI/NFIC/22304-C, D.
Distribution: Russia (only
female); South Korea; India: Jammu & Kashmir (new record both male and
female).
Biology: Not known. Associated
with citrus plant and collected with the help of aspirator.
Discussion
The female specimen of Synedrus kasparyani
Tselikh was described by Tselikh
in 2013 from Russia and the male specimen of Synedrus
kasparyani Tselikh is
described for the first time, collected from Jammu & Kashmir, India, and
the genus Synedrus Graham is recorded first
time from India.
For
images - - click here for full PDF
References
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