Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2023 | 15(9): 23898–23910

ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)

https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8585.15.9.23898-23910

#8585 | Received 12 June 2023 | Final received 24 July 2023 | Finally accepted 04 September 2023

Diversity of powdery mildew fungi from protected areas of Jizzak region, Uzbekistan - a checklist

I.M. Mustafaev¹, I.Z. Ortiqov², K.K. Nuraliev^{3 &} D.S. Khujaqulova⁴

^1,2,4 Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100053, Uzbekistan.

³ Tashkent State Agrarian University, Tashkent 100140, Uzbekistan.

¹elyor-mustafaev@inbox.ru (corresponding author), ²ortiqovi@inbox.ru, ³h.nuraliev@mail.ru, ⁴durdonaxojaqulova@gmail.com

Editor: Anonymity requested. Date of publication: 26 September 2023 (online & print)

Citation: Mustafaev, I.M., I.Z. Ortiqov, K.K. Nuraliev & D.S. Khujaqulova(2023). Diversity of powdery mildew fungi from protected areas of Jizzak region, Uzbekistan - a checklist. Journal of Threatened Taxa 15(9): 23898–23910. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.8585.15.9.23898-23910

Copyright: © Mustafaev et al. 2023. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.

Funding: Agency for Innovative development under the ministry of higher education, science and innovation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Author details: Ilyor Muraddullayevich Mustafayev, Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Head of the laboratory of Mycology and Algology. Specialization—fungal diversity, fungal taxonomy, fungal ecology, plant disease management. Islom Ziyodulla ugli Ortiqov, PhD student, Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Specialization—mycology, fungal diversity, plant disease management. Khamra Khaydaraliyevich Nuraliev, Tashkent State Agrarian University. Professor of the Department of Plant Protection. Specialization—mycology, plant disease management. Durdona Sadriddin qizi Khujaqulova, PhD student, Institute of Botany of Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Specialization—mycology.

Author contributions: I.M.M. - reviewing and editing; I.Z.O. - writing, reviewing and editing; K.K.N. - data collection; D.S.K. - reviewing and data collection. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Acknowledgements: This work was partly supported by the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan (the project “А-FA-2021-144”) and state program “Pathogenic fungi of economically important plants exporting fruits, vegetables and melons: diversity, monitoring, and creation of an electronic database”. Valuable suggestions of anonymous reviewers for improving the manuscript are appreciated.

Abstract: The first-ever compilation of a checklist for powdery mildew fungi within the protected areas of Uzbekistan’s Jizzakh region, specifically Nuratau Nature Reserve, Zaamin National Nature Park, and Zaamin Nature Reserve is presented through this study. Field research spanning from 2009 to 2022 facilitated this comprehensive endeavor. A comprehensive identification process revealed a total of nine groups, consisting of 57 distinct types, 69 variations, and four different strains of powdery mildew. Two species, namely Erysiphe platani and E. syringae, were newly identified within the mycobiota of the country. Additionally, the plant index of Uzbekistan documented 11 powdery mildew species and ten variations on 18 previously unrecorded host plant species. Most species of powdery mildew fungi belong to the genera Erysiphe and Leveillula. The annotated checklist includes data on the host plant, location, date and collection number of every species.

Keywords: Disease, Erysiphaceae, host plants, Nuratau Nature Reserve, Zaamin Nature Reserve, Zaamin National Nature Park.

INTRODUCTION

Powdery mildews belong to the Erysiphaceae. The main geographical regions of the distribution are in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. They are obligate biotrophs responsible for diseases in many plants. They are cosmopolitan, widespread on various hosts including vegetables, trees, herbs, shrubs, grasses, ornamental plants and weeds (Braun 1987). In many cases, powdery mildew fungi are more common in cultivated plant hosts (Pawar & Patil 2011). The fungi infect almost every group of plants, i.e., from grasses to higher angiosperms (Braun & Cook 2012). Powdery mildews are easily visible on infected plant leaves, stems, and fruits. The first symptoms appear as white powdery spots on leaves, branches and sometimes on fruits. Over time, disease severity increases under favorable conditions. Disease symptoms usually appear with the onset of summer and begin to disappear during the scorching heat and rainy season (Pap et al. 2013).

A considerable number of powdery mildew samples were collected and examined during exploring of the fungal diversity of Uzbekistan; contributions have been published in 1926–2023 (Zaprometov 1926; 1928; Golovin 1949; Rotkevich 1960; Gaponenko 1965; Gaponenko et al. 1983; Solieva 1989; Kamilov 1991; Nuraliev 1998; Gafforov 2004; Mustafaev 2018; Mustafaev et al. 2019; Abdurazakov et al. 2021).

Recently, invasive species of powdery mildew, originating from other regions of the world, have spread extensively in Uzbekistan (e.g., Erysiphe australiana on Lagerstroema indica); they are mostly found on introduced trees and shrubs that are widely used for landscaping (Nabieva et al. 2021).

The current study aims to compile a checklist of powdery mildew of vascular plants of the Nuratau Nature Reserve, Zaamin Nature Reserve, and Zaamin National Nature Park in the Jizzakh region. The present checklist serves as one of the sources to make the complete modern list of powdery mildew of the Rebuplic of Uzbekistan.

Study Area

The present compilation brings together as much information, related to powdery mildew reported from protected areas of Jizzakh region (Nuratau Nature Reserve 40°30’34.8’’ 66°44’18.4’’, Zaamin Nature, Reserve 39°34’41.4’’ 68°24’21.5’’, Zaamin National Nature Park 39°39’56.4’’ 68°24’18.3’’) (Fig. 1), as possible.

METHODS

About 1,000 powdery mildew fungi were collected in 2009–2022 years in diﬀerent habitats of protected natural areas. Samples were collected from the affected parts of the plants and either used fresh or stored dry as herbarium material until analysis, as described by Heluta (1989). These are designated in the checklist by the following abbreviations: NNR –Nuratau Nature Reserve, ZNR – Zaamin Nature Reserve, ZNNP – Zaamin National Nature Park. Specimens: Chasmothecia, conidiophores, and conidia were observed and measured in oil immersion, using a Moticam 5N-300M microscope at a magnification up to ×400 and identiﬁed using the relevant literature (Zaprometov 1926; 1928; Golovin 1941; Gaponenko 1965; Panfilova & Gaponenko 1983; Gaponenko et al. 1983; Heluta et al. 2004; Braun 2012; Raximova et al. 2014). (1968–1993) and ‘Flora of Uzbekistan’ (1941–1962). All collected specimens are stored in the Fungarium of the Institute of Botany in Tashkent. Voucher specimens for each species of powdery mildew fungi are cited in the checklist below. The name of the collector is designated by abbreviation: IM – Ilyor Mustafaev, IOZ – Islom Ortiqov, XD – Xo`jaqulova Durdona. The taxonomy and nomenclature of powdery mildew fungi in the checklist follow international databases Index Fungorum (2023) and Mycobank (2023). The nomenclature of host plants is given according to powo.science.kew.org/results (2023). All collected specimens are stored in the Tashkent Mycological Herbarium (TASM) of the Institute of Botany.

RESULTS

In the protected areas of the Jizzakh region, including NNR, ZNR, and ZNNP, an extensive survey uncovered a diverse range of powdery mildew fungi. These findings encompass nine genera and 57 species, with 69 forms and four varieties, all identified through morphological characteristics. These fungi were documented on 137 host plant species, further grouped into 107 genera and 34 families (Table 1). Erysiphe emerged as the most species-rich genus, boasting 19 species, 26 forms, and four variations, closely followed by Leveillula with 16 species and 27 forms. Podosphaera accounted for nine species and three forms, while Phyllactinia exhibited four species and four forms. Additionally, Golovinomyces and Sphaerotheca each comprised four and three species, respectively, while Uncinula, Neoerysiphe, and Blumeria were each confined to one host plant species. Erysiphe species demonstrated the broadest host range, infecting 57 host plant species (41.6 % of the total), followed by Leveillula with 35 host plant species (25.4 %), and Podosphaera with 19 host plant species (13.8 %). Sphaerotheca was found on 11 host plant species (8.0 %), while the remaining genera—Blumeria, Phyllactinia, Golovinomyces, Neoerysiphe, and Uncinula—showed isolation to fewer host species. This comprehensive investigation highlights the wide distribution of powdery mildew fungi in the protected areas of the Jizzakh region, underscoring the need for further research to uncover their ecological roles and potential impacts.

Two species Erysiphe platani – on Platanus orientalis and E. syringae – on Ligustrum sp. were found for the first time for the mycobiota of Uzbekistan. Eleven species, 10 variaties of powdery mildew were recorded on 18 new host plant species index of Uzbekistan: Blumeria graminis – Poa trivialis, Erysiphe cichoracearum f. lactucae – Lactuca orientalis, E. cichoracearum f. tanaceti- Lepidolopha komarowii, E. cruciferarum – Descurainia sophia, E. heraclei – Ferula penninervis, Ferula angreni and Physocaulis nodosus, Leveillula boraginacearum f. lappulae – Pseudoheterocaryum szovitsianum, L. compositarum f. artemisiae – Artemisia oliveriana, L. compositarum f. helichrysi – Helichrysum nuratavicum, L. labiatarum f. dracocephali – Dracocephalum nuratavicum, L. labiatarum f. scutellariae – Scutellaria ramosissima, L. labiatarum f. phlomidis – Phlomis nubilans, L. umbelliferarum f. heraclei – Semenovia pimpinelloides, Podosphaera fugax – Geranium rotundifolium, Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. lophanthi – Lophanthus schtschurowskianus, Sph. fuliginea f. sedi – Pseudosedum lievenii, Sphaerotheca sp. – Geum kokanicum.

Among them, Helichrysum nuratavicum, Phlomis nubilans are endemic species for Nuratau ridge and Phlomis nubilans, Helichrysum nuratavicum and Platanus orientalis are listed in the Red Data Book of Uzbekistan (2019).

Thirty-two hosts of family Asteraceae were infected with powdery mildew followed by Rosaceae (19), Lamiaceae (14), Poaceae (13), Brassicaceae (12), Apiaceae (10), Fabaceae Boraginaceae (8 each), Dipsacaceae, Polygonaceae (5 each), Scrophulariaceae, Geraniaceae (4 each), Euphorbiaceae, Oleaceae, Plantaginaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rubiaceae, Hypericaceae, Malvaceae (2 each), Capparaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Crassulaceae, Datiscaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Juglandaceae, Anacardiaceae, Moraceae, Peganaceae, Platanaceae, Salicaceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae, Verbenaceae, Vitaceae (1 each).

The highest number of powdery mildew species was reported in the following host genera: Plantago, Prunus (3 species each, 5.26% of the total species number), Cichorium, Arctium, Artemisia, Cousinia, Crataegus, Crepis, Lomelosia, Medicago, Phlomis, Potentilla, Salvia, Solenanthus and Taraxacum (2 species each, 3.50%), while other plant genera host one powdery mildew species per genus.

The recorded powdery mildew species were found on 31 medicinal species such as Alcea nudiflora, Alhagi maurorum, Capparis spinosа, Cichorium intybus, Crataegus songarica, C. turkestanica, Crambe cordifolia ssp. kotschyana, Hippophae rhamnoides, Hypericum perforatum, Juglans regia, Malus domestica, Medicago sativa, Morus alba, Nepeta schtschurowskiana, Pistacia vera, Plantago lanceolate, P. major, Prunus erythrocarpa, P. bucharica, Helichrysum nuratavicum, Rosa canina, R. persica, R. beggeriana var. beggeriana, R. ecae, Rumex acetosa, R. chalepensis, Taraxacum officinale, T. maracandicum, Urtica dioica, Vitis vinifera, Ziziphora tenuior etc.

This work represents itself as a checklist of powdery mildew fungi in the Jizzakh region of protected areas. The fungal species listed below have been arranged in alphabetical order.

Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer

(= Erysiphe communis f. graminis (DC.) Fr., Alphitomorpha communis var. graminearum Wallr., Erysiphe graminis DC., Tigria graminis (DC.) Trevis.)

Host: Poaceae

Poa trivialis (2015) NNR (Xayatsay V.) - First record on Poa trivialis in Uzbekistan.

Poa versicolor (2015) NNR (Tikchasay V.)

Poa bulbosa (2010), NNR (Beshbarmoq V.) (2019–2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay, Qorongisay V.)

Thinopyrum intermedium subsp. intermedium (=Agropyron trichophorum) (2022) ZNNP (Ettikechuvsay V.)

Aegilops crassa (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.)

Aegilops cylindrica (2012), NNR (Qarisay V.)

Aegilops triuncialis (2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.)

Hordeum bulbosum (1983) ZNR (Kulsay V.), (2009–20120) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2019) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Boytepa V.)

Hordeum spontaneum (2021) ZNNP (Qo’riq V.)

Avena fatua (2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.)

Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi (Grev.) R.Y. Zheng & G.Q. Chen.

Host: Ranunculaceae

Ranunculus sericeus (2016) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

E. atraphaxis (Golovin) U. Braun & S. Takam.

Host: Polygonaceae

Atraphaxis pyrifolia (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

E. communis f. crambes Jacz.

Host:Brassicaceae

Crambe cordifolia ssp. kotschyana (Boiss.) Jafri. (2014) NNR (Gurdara V.), (2021) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

E. communis f. dianthi Jacz.

Host: Caryophyllaceae

Dianthus helenae (2017) NNR (Beshbarmaq V.).

E. communis f. hedysari Jacz.

Host: Fabaceae

Hedysarum sp.- (2010) NNR (Beshbarmaq V.).

E. communis f. sp. medicaginis-sativae Hammarl.

Host: Fabaceae

Medicago sativa (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

E. cichoracearum f. althaeae Jacz.

Host: Malvaceae

Alcea nudiflora (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

E. cichoracearum f. lactucae Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Lactuca orientalis (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2012) NNR (Majrumsay V.) - Note: First record on Lactuca orientalis in Uzbekistan.

E. cichoracearum f. tanaceti Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Lepidolopha komarowii (2015) NNR (Xayatboshi V.) - Note: First record on Lepidolopha komarowii in Uzbekistan.

E. cichoracearum f. veronicae Jacz.

Host: Scrophulariaceae

Veronica argute-serrata (2010) NNR (Beshbarmoq V.).

E. cichoracearum f. verbenae Jacz.

Host: Verbenaceae

Verbena officinalis (2010) NNR (Xayatboshi V.), (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

E. cichoracearum f. crepidis Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Crepis sp. (2019) ZNNP (Ettikechuvsay V.).

E. cichoracearum f. euhieracium S. Blumer.

Host: Asteraceae

Hieracium sp. (2019) ZNNP (Sherbulaq V.).

E. cichoracearum f. tanaceti Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Tanacetopsis mucronata (2019) ZNR (Qizilmazar V.).

E. cichoracearum f. taraxaci Jacz .

Host: Asteraceae

Taraxacum officinale – (2021) ZNNP (Boytepa V.).

E. cichoracearum f. sonchi Jacz .

Host: Asteraceae

Sonchus asper (2021) ZNNP (Sherbulaq, Irg‘aylisay V.).

E. cichoracearum f. cousiniae (Jacz). Golov.

Host: Asteraceae

Cousinia sp. (2021) ZNNP (Boytepa V.).

Cousinia microcarpa (2022) ZNNP (O‘riklisay).

E. cichoracearum var. plantaginis (Link).

Host: Plantaginaceae

Plantago major (2021) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

E.cichoracearum f. inulae Jacz .

Host: Asteraceae

Pentanema britannica (2022) ZNNP (Irg‘aylisay V.)

E. cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell.

(= Erysiphe communis (Wallr.) Link., Erysiphe communis (Wallr.) Schltdl., Erysiphe cruciferarum var. longispora G.J.M. Gorter., Erysiphe pisi var. cruciferarum (Opiz ex L. Junell) Ialongo., Erysiphe radulescui Docea.)

Host: Brassicaceae

Alyssum dasycarpum (2010–2012) NNR (Tikchasay, Qarisay V.).

Alyssum alyssoides (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Alyssum desertorum (2020) ZNNP (Sufa V.), (2022) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

Alyssum minutum (2020) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.)

Descurainia sophia (2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.) - Note: First record on Descurainia sophia in Uzbekistan.

E. cruciferarum f. erysimi (Jacz).

Host: Brassicaceae

Erysimum sp. (2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

E. convolvuli var. convolvuli

Host: Convolvulaceae

Convolvulus arvensis (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

E. horridula f. asperuginis S. Blumer.

Host: Boraginaceae

Asperugo procumbens (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

E. horridula f. lindelofiae Golovin.

Host: Boraginaceae

Lindelofia anchusoides ssp. macrostyla (2010) NNR (Beshbarmoq Mt.), (2018) ZNNP (O‘riklisay).

E. horridula f. rocheliae Golovin.

Host: Boraginaceae

Rochelia sp. (2009) NNR (Tikchasay V.) Rochelia cardiosepala (2012) NNR (Qarisay, Gurdara V.).

E. horridula f. solenanthi Jacz.

Host: Boraginaceae

Solenanthus circinnatus (2010) NNR (Parandoz V.).

Solenanthus turkestanicus (2011) NNR (Majrumsay V.).

E. heraclei DC.

(= Erysiphe heraclei var. himalayensis Y.S. Paul & V.K. Thakur.)

Host: Apiaceae

Ferula penninervis (2017) NNR (Xayatsay, Beshbarmaq V.) - Note: First record on Ferula penninervis in Uzbekistan.

Ferula angreni (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.)- First record on Ferula angreni in Uzbekistan.

Chaerophyllum nodosum (2014) NNR (Gurdara V.).

Scandix pecten veneris (2012) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2019) ZNNP (Boytepa V.), (2022) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

E. thuemenii U. Braun (= E. communis f. potentillae Jacz).

Host: Rosaceae

Potentilla reptans (2019) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

E. trifolii Grev. (= Erysiphe martii Lév., Microsphaera martii (Lév.) YS Paul & VK Thakur., Microsphaera trifolii (Grev.) U. Braun).

Host: Fabaceae

Trifolium pretense (2021) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

E. trifoliorum (Wallr.) U. Braun.

Host: Fabaceae

Melilotus officinalis (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

E. hyperici (Wallr.) S. Blumer.

Host: Hypericaceae

Hypericum perforatum (2012) NNR (Qarisay V.).

E.juglandis (Golovin) U. Braun & S. Takam.

(= Microsphaera juglandis Golovin.).

Host: Juglandaceae

Juglans regia (2019) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

E. labiatarum f. origani (H.A. Dietr.) Jacz.

Host: Lamiaceae

Origanum vulgare (2014) NNR (Parandoz V.).

E. labiatarum f. phlomidis Jacz.

Host: Lamiaceae

Phlomis nubilans (2014), NNR (Majrumsay V.).

E. labiatarum f. leonuri Jacz.

Host: Lamiaceae

Leonurus turkestanicus (2017), NNR (Xayatboshi V.).

E. labiatarum f. ziziphorae Pospelov.

Host: Lamiaceae

Ziziphora tenuior (2019) ZNNP (Yettikechuvsay V.).

E. labiatarum f. eremostachydis Golovin.

Host: Lamiaceae

Phlomoides labiosa (1983) ZNR (Guralashsay V.).

E. labiatarum f. marrubii Jacz.

Host: Lamiaceae

Marrubium anisodon (2021) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

E. necator Schwein.

(= Erysiphe necator var. ampelopsidis (Peck) U. Braun & S. Takam., Oidium tuckeri Berk., Uncinula americana Howe., Uncinula ampelopsidis Peck., Uncinula necator (Schwein.) Burrill., Uncinula necator var. ampelopsidis (Peck) U. Braun.).

Host: Vitaceae

Vitis vinifera (2016) NNR (Qarisay V.), (2022) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

E. platani (Howe) U. Braun (= Microsphaera platani Howe.)

Host: Platanaceae

Platanus orientalis (2022) ZNNP (Usmanliysay V.) - Note: First report in Uzbekistan.

E. polygoni f. polygoni DC.

Host: Polygonaceae

Polygonum aviculare (2010) NNR (Qarisay V.), (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.), (2022) ZNNP (Usmanliysay V.).

E. polygoni var. rumicis Y.S. Paul & V.K. Thakur.

Host: Polygonaceae

Rumex chalepensis (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Rumex acetosa (2021) ZNNP (Usmanliysay V.).

E. syringae Schwein. (= Microsphaera syringae (Schwein.) H. Magn.).

Host: Oleaceae

Ligustrum sp. (2022) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.) - Note: First report in Uzbekistan.

E. urticae (Wallr.) S. Blumer

Host: Urticaceae

Urtica dioica (2014) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) VP Heluta.

(= Erysiphe communis var. cichoracearum (DC.) Link., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. luvungae M.S. Patil & Maham., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. saussureae Y.S. Paul & V.K. Thakur., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. transvaalensis G.J.M. Gorter & Eicker., Golovinomyces cichoracearum var. latisporus (U. Braun) U. Braun., Golovinomyces cichoracearum var. transvaalensis (G.J.M. Gorter & Eicker) U. Braun., Oidium asteris-punicei Peck., Oidium tabaci Thüm.).

Host: Asteraceae

Artemisia vulgaris (2019) ZNR (Qashqasuv V.).

G. salviae (Jacz.) M. Scholler, U. Braun & Anke Schmidt.

(= Erysiphe biocellata var. salviae (Jacz.) VP Heluta., Erysiphe labiatarum f. salviae Jacz., Erysiphe salviae (Jacz.) S. Blumer., Leveillula labiatarum f. salviae (Jacz.) Golovin.).

Host: Lamiaceae

Salvia austriaca (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

G. depressus (Wallr.) VP Heluta.

(=Erysiphe cichoracearum f. bardanae (Wallr.) Jacz., Erysiphe communis f. depressa (Wallr.) Fr., Erysiphe depressa (Wallr.) Link., Erysiphe depressa var. artemiciae Link., Erysiphe depressa var. bardanae Wallr.).

Host: Asteraceae

Arctium lappa (2009) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) VP Heluta.

(= Erysiphe communis var. cichoracearum (DC.) Link., Erysiphe cichoracearum DC., Erysiphe cichoracearum f. cichorii S. Blumer., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. latispora U. Braun., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. luvungae M.S. Patil va Maham., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. saussureae Y.S. Pol va VK Thakur., Erysiphe cichoracearum var. transvaalensis G.JM Gorter & Eicker., Golovinomyces cichoracearum var. latisporus (U. Braun) U. Braun., Golovinomyces cichoracearum var. transvaalensis (GJM Gorter & Eicker) U. Braun., Oidium asteris-punicei Peck., Oidium tabaci Thüm.).

Host: Asteraceae

Cichorium intybus (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Leveillula alhagi (Sorokīn) U. Braun.

(= Erysiphe alhagi Sorokīn., Leveillula leguminosarum f. alhagi (Sorokīn) Golovin.).

Host: Fabaceae

Alhagi sp. (2009) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2017) NNR (Majrumsay V.).

Alhagi maurorum (2021) ZNNP (Boytepa V.).

L. boraginacearum f. lappulae (Jacz). Golov.

Host: Boraginaceae

Pseudoheterocaryum szovitsianum (2022) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.) - Note: First record on Pseudoheterocaryum szovitsianum in Uzbekistan.

L.capparidacearum f. capparidis (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Capparaceae

Capparis spinosа (2019–2021) ZNNP (O‘riklisay, Usmanlisay V).

L. caryophyllacearum f. arenariae Golovin.

Host: Caryophyllaceae

Arenaria griffithii (2015–2016) NNR (Xaytbashi V.).

L. compositarum f. scorzonerae (Kuprev.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Pseudopodospermum inconspicuum (2022) ZNNP (Ettikechuvsay V.).

L. compositarum f. artemisiae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Artemisia oliveriana (2017) NNR (Majrumsay V.) - Note: First record on Artemisia oliveriana in Uzbekistan.

L. compositarum f. helichrysi (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Helichrysum nuratavicum (2015) NNR (Fargun V.) - Note: First record on Helichrysum nuratavicum in Uzbekistan.

L. compositarum f. centaureae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Centaurea besseriana (2010-2014) NNR (Xayatbashi - Majrumsay V.).

L. compositarum f. carthami (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Carthamus lanatus ssp. turkestanicus (2015) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

L. compositarum f. cousiniae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Asteraceae

Arctium umbrosum (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

Cousinia coronata (2019) ZNNP (Yettikechuvsay V.).

L. compositarum f. perovskiae Kurbana.

Host: Lamiaceae

Salvia scrophulariifolia (2017) NNR (Beshbarmaq V.).

L. cruciferarum f. lepidii (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Brassicaceae

Lepidium draba (2014) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

L. datiscacearum f. datiscae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Datiscaceae

Datisca cannabina (2014) NNR (Majrumsay V.), (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

L. dipsacacearum f. scabiosae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Dipsacaceae

Lomelosia micrantha (2022) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

L. guttiferarum Golovin.

Host: Hypericaceae

Hypericum scabrum (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

L. labiatarum f. dracocephali Golovin.

Host: Lamiaceae

Dracocephalum nuratavicum (2015) NNR (Andibaraut V.) - Note: First record on Dracocephalum nuratavicum in Uzbekistan.

L. labiatarum f. scutellariae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Lamiaceae

Scutellaria ramosissima (2015) NNR (Xayatbashi-Xayatsay V.) - Note: First record on Scutellaria ramosissima in Uzbekistan.

Scutellaria sp.- (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

L. labiatarum f. phlomidis (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Lamiaceae

Phlomis thapsoides (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Phlomis nubilans (2015) NNR (Fargun V.) - Note: First record on Phlomis nubilans in Uzbekistan.

L. leguminosarum f. astragali (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Fabaceae

Astragalus sp. (20221) ZNNP (Sherbuloq V.).

L. leguminosarum f. onobrychidis Golovin.

Host: Fabaceae

Onobrychis chorassanica (2015) NNR (Fargun V.).

L. leguminosarum f. medicaginis (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Fabaceae

Medicago sativa (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

L. plantaginis Golovin.

Host: Plantaginaceae

Plantago lanceolata (2010) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

L. scrophulariacearum f. dodartiae (Jacz.) Golovin.

Host: Scrophulariaceae

Dodartia orientalis (2010) NNR (Xayatbashi V.).

L. taurica f. pegani Jacz.

Host: Peganaceae

Peganum harmala (2010) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

L. taurica f. achilleae Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Achillea sp. (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

L. umbelliferarum f. dauci Golovin.

Host: Apiaceae

Daucus carota (2010) NNR Xayatsay V.).

L. umbelliferarum f. seseli Golovin.

Host: Boraginaceae

Solenanthus circinnatus (2015) NNR (Xayatbashi V.).

L. umbelliferarum f. prangotis Golovin.

Host: Apiaceae

Prangos pabularia (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

L. umbelliferarum f. heraclei Golovin.

Host: Apiaceae

Heracleum lehmannianum (2018) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

Semenovia pimpinelloides (2022) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.) - Note: First record on Semenovia pimpinelloides in Uzbekistan.

L. ranunculacearum f. delphinii Golovin.

Host: Ranunculaceae

Delphinium semibarbatum (2019) ZNNP (Yettikechuvsay V.).

L. verbasci (Jacz.) Golovin. (= Leveillula taurica f. verbasci Jacz.).

Host: Scrophulariaceae

Verbascum songaricum (2015) NNR (Tikchasay V.), (2016) NNR (Xayatbashi V.).

Neoerysiphe galii (S. Blumer) U. Braun.

(= Erysiphe galii S. Blumer).

Host: Rubiaceae

Galium aparine - (1983) ZNR (Kulsay V.), (2022) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

Galium pamiroalaicum (2016) NNR (Parandoz V.).

Phyllactinia suffulta f. pistaciae Jacz.

Host: Anacardiaceae

Pistacia vera (2015) NNR (Xayatsay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Boytepa V.).

P. populi (Jacz.) Y.N. Yu.

(= Phyllactinia suffulta f. populi Jacz.).

Host: Salicaceae

Populus afghanica (2014) NNR (Majrumsay V.), (2019–2021) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay-O‘riklisay V.).

P. suffulta f. pruni Golov.

Host: Rosaceae

Prunus bucharica (2019–2021) ZNNP (O‘riklisay –Usmanliysay V.).

Prunus erythrocarpa (2018) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

P. suffulta f. hippophaes Jacz.

Host: Elaeagnaceae

Hippophae rhamnoides (2022) ZNNP (Umanlisay V.).

P. suffulta f. moricola Jacz.

Host: Moraceae

Morus alba (2009–2010–2016) NNR (Xayatsay, Tikchasay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Qorong‘isay V.).

P. guttata (Wallr.) Lév.

(= Phyllactinia berberidis Palla., Phyllactinia betulae (DC.) Fuss., Phyllactinia corylea (Pers.) P. Karst., Phyllactinia suffulta (Rebent.) Sacc.).

Host: Rosaceae

Crataegus turkestanica (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Crataegus songarica (2022) ZNNP (Yettikechuvsay V.).

P. fraxini (DC.) Fuss.

(= Erysiphe communis f. lamprocarpa (Wallr.) Fr., Erysiphe fraxini DC., Erysiphe lamprocarpa (Wallr.) Link.).

Host: Oleaceae

Fraxinus sogdiana (2017) NNR (Qarisay V.).

Podosphaera euphorbiae (Castagne) U. Braun & S. Takam.

(= Sphaerotheca euphorbiae (Castagne) E.S. Salmon., Sphaerotheca tomentosa G.H. Otth.).

Host: Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia sp. (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

P. fugax (Penz. & Sacc.) U. Braun & S. Takam.

(=Erysiphe communis var. geranii Klotzsch., Sphaerotheca fugax Penz. & Sacc.).

Host: Geraniaceae

Geranium linearilobum (2013) NNR (Gurdara V.).

Geranium pusillum (2010) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

Geranium rotundifolium (2012) NNR (Gurdara V.) - Note: First record on Geranium rotundifolium in Uzbekistan.

P. fusca (Fr.) U.Braun va Shishkoff.

(= Podosphaera phaseoli (Z.Y. Zhao) U. Braun & S. Takam., Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U.Braun & Shishkoff., Sphaerotheca astragali var. phaseoli Z.Y.Zhao., S. calendulae (Malbr. & Roum.) Malbr., S. cucurbitae (Jacz.) Z.Y.Zhao., S. fuliginea f. calendulae (Malbr. & Roum.) Jacz., S. fuliginea f. cucurbitae Jacz., S. fusca (Fr.) S. Blumer., S. fuscata (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Serbinow., S. indica Patw., S. melampyri L. Junell., S. microcarpa Hazsl., S. phaseoli (Z.Y.Zhao) U.Braun., S. verbenae Săvul. & Negru., S. xanthii (Castagne) L. Junell.).

Host: Asteraceae

Psychrogeton cabulicum (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

P. tridactyla f. cerasi Jacz.

Host: Rosaceae

Prunus cerasus (2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Prunus erythrocarpa (2018) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

P. leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E.S.Salmon.

(= Sphaerotheca leucotricha Ellis & Everh.).

Host: Rosaceae

Malus domestica (2009) NNR (Majrumsay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Ettikechuvsay V.).

P. erigerontis-canadensis (Lév.) U.Braun & T.Z.Liu. (= Erysiphe erigerontis-canadensis Lév., Sphaerotheca erigerontis-canadensis (Lév.) L. Junell.).

Host: Asteraceae

Taraxacum maracandicum (1983) ZNR (Guralashsay V.).

P. euphorbiae (Castagne) U. Braun & S. Takam.

(= Sphaerotheca euphorbiae (Castagne) E.S. Salmon., S. tomentosa G.H. Otth.).

Host: Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia sp. (2016) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

P. oxyacanthae f. cydoniae Jacz.

Host: Rosaceae

Cydonia oblonga (1956) ZNR (Guralashsay V.).

P. oxyacanthae f. crataegi Maurizio.

Host: Rosaceae

Crataegus turkestanica (2021) ZNNP (Yetikechuvsay V.).

P. plantaginis (Castagne) U.Braun & S.Takam.

(= Erysiphe plantaginis Castagne., Sphaerotheca plantaginis (Castagne) L.Junell.)

Host: Plantaginaceae

Plantago lanceolata (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

P. pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary.

(= Erysiphe pannosa (Wallr.) Link., Leucothallia pannosa (Wallr.) Trevis., Oidium forsythiae Bunkina., O. leucoconium Desm., O. leuconium Desm., Sphaerotheca macularis f. rosae Jacz., S. pannosa (Wallr.) Lév., S. pannosa var. persicae Woron., S. pannosa var. rosae Woron., S. persicae (Woron.) Erikss., S. rosae (Jacz.) Z.Y.Zhao.).

Host: Rosaceae

Rosa canina (2010-2012) NNR (Xayatsay - Gurdarasay V.).

Rosa beggeriana var. tilanchi (2011) NNR (Majrumsay V.), (2021) ZNNP (Sufa-Usmanlisay V.).

Rosa persica (2011–2017) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Rosa ecae (2021–2022) ZNNP (Yetikechuvsay - O‘riklisay V.).

Prunus bucharica (2012) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

Prunus persica (2009) NNR (Xayatsay V.).

Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. scabiosae Jacz.

Host: Dipsacaceae

Lomelosia songarica (1983) ZNR (Guralashsay V.), (2010) NNR (Beshbarmaq V.).

S. fuliginea f. crepidis Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Crepis pulchra (2019) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

S. fuliginea f. senecionis Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Vickifunkia thomsonii (2022) ZNNP (Irgaylisay V.).

S. fuliginea f. bidentis Jacz.

Host: Asteraceae

Bidens tripartite (2018) ZNNP (O‘riklisay V.).

S. fuliginea f. dipsaci Jacz.

Host: Dipsacaceae

Dipsacus azureus (2010) NNR (Beshbarmaq V.), (2021) ZNNP (Usmanlisay V.).

S. fuliginea f. lophanthi Jacz.

Host: Lamiaceae

Nepeta schtschurowskiana (2015–2016–2017) NNR (Xayatbashi, Tikchasay, Beshbarmaq V.) - Note: First record on Lophanthus schtschurowskianus in Uzbekistan.

S. fuliginea f. sedi Kalymb.

Host: Crassulaceae - Pseudosedum lievenii (2012) NNR (Gurdara V.) - Note: First record on Pseudosedum lievenii in Uzbekistan.

S. macularis f. potentillae Jacz.

Host: Rosaceae

Potentilla pedata (2016) NNR (Tikchasay V.).

Sphaerotheca sp.

Host: Rosaceae

Geum kokanicum (2015) NNR (Xayatboshi V.) - Note: First record on Geum kokanicum in Uzbekistan.

Uncinula ulmi M.N.Kusnezowa.

Host: Ulmaceae

Ulmus laevis (2017) NNR (Qarisay V.).

DISCUSSION

It is known that the diversity of the powdery mildew fungi is closely related to the diversity of the plant flora. Uzbekistan’s plant flora consists of more than 4,500 species and 88 species (334 forms) of powdery mildew fungi were registered on 778 host plant species (Gaponenko et al. 1983). The plant flora from protected areas of the Jizzakh region includes 1986 species of 645 genera and 115 families (Tojibaev et al. 2015) and found 57 species, 69 forms and 4 variaties of powdery mildew on 137 host plant species from 34 families.

The distribution of powdery mildew species in host plants is given based on the regions of Jizzakh region in which they are distributed. The largest number of powdery mildew and host plants were found in the Nuratau Nature Reserve (8 genera, 40 species, 41 forms, 3 forms, of the total species number 70.17%), followed by the Zaamin National Nature Park (7 genera, 35 species, 32 forms, 3 varieties, of the total species number 61.40%), Zaamin Nature Reserve (8 genera, 20 species, 36 forms, 2 varieties, of the total species number 35.08 %).

It is noted that studies on powdery mildew fungi of many regions of Uzbekistan including the Anger river basin, and Fergana valley carried out by some mycologists (Panfilova & Gaponenko 1963; Gaponenko et al. 1983; Abdurazakov et al. 2021). The diversity of powdery mildew fungi in protected areas of the Jizzakh region has been compared with their research results (Table 2).

This diversity of powdery mildew fungi of protected areas of the Jizzakh region is represented by 9 genera and 57 species, 69 forms and 4 variaties species and has approximately 30.80% of the currently known mildew fungi biota of Uzbekistan. On the territory of protected areas of the Jizzakh region, the powdery mildew diseases occur frequently and severely damage plants belonging to Aegilops, Alhagi, Artemisia, Alyssum, Capparis, Cousinia, Convolvulus, Ferula, Morus, Populus, Rosa, Rumex, and Trifolium.

The present checklist is the third work about powdery mildew microfungi of Uzbekistan and serves as one of the sources for a complete list of powdery mildew microfungi of the Rebuplic of Uzbekistan.

Table 1. In this section, the scientific name of host plants along with the powdery mildew fungi occurring on them are provided.

Host plant (scientific name )	Powdery mildew fungi (scientific name)
Achillea sp.	Leveillula taurica f. achilleae
Aegilops crassa	Blumeria graminis
Aegilops cylindrica	Blumeria graminis
Aegilops triuncialis	Blumeria graminis
Alcea nudiflora	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. althaeae
Alhagi maurorum	Leveillula alhagi
Alhagi sp.	Leveillula alhagi
Alyssum alyssoides	Erysiphe cruciferarum
Alyssum minutum	Erysiphe cruciferarum
Alyssum dasycarpum	Erysiphe cruciferarum
Alyssum desertorum	Erysiphe cruciferarum
Arctium umbrosum	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. cousiniae
Arctium lappa	Golovinomyces depressus
Artemisia oliveriana	Leveillula compositarum f. artemisiae
Artemisia vulgaris	Golovinomyces cichoracearum
Asperugo procumbens	Erysiphe horridula
Astragalus sp.	Leveillula leguminosarum f. astragali
Atraphaxis pyrifolia	Erysiphe atraphaxis
Avena fatua	Blumeria graminis
Bidens tripartita	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. bidentis
Capparis spinosа	Leveillula capparidacearum f. capparidis
Carthamus lanatus ssp. turkestanicus	Leveillula compositarum f. carthami
Centaurea besseriana	Leveillula compositarum f. centaureae
Cichorium intybus	Golovinomyces cichoracearum Sphaerotheca fuliginea
Chaerophyllum nodosum	Erysiphe heraclei
Convolvulus arvensis	Erysiphe convolvuli var. convolvuli
Cousinia microcarpa	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. cousiniae
Cousinia sp.	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. cousiniae
Cousinia coronata	Leveillula compositarum f. cousiniae
Crambe cordifolia ssp. kotschyana	Erysiphe communis f. crambes
Crataegus songarica	Phyllactinia guttata
Crataegus turkestanica	Podosphaera oxyacanthae f. crataegi Phyllactinia guttata
Crepis pulchra	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. crepidis
Crepis sp.	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. crepidis
Cydonia oblonga	Podosphaera oxyacanthae f. cydoniae
Datisca cannabina	Leveillula datiscacearum f. datiscae
Daucus carota	Leveillula umbelliferarum f. dauci
Delphinium semibarbatum	Leveillula ranunculacearum f. delphinii
Descurainia sophia	Erysiphe cruciferarum
Dipsacus azureus	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. dipsaci
Dodartia orientalis	Leveillula scrophulariacearum f. dodartiae
Dracocephalum nuratavicum	Leveillula labiatarum f. dracocephali
Erysimum sp.	Erysiphe cruciferarum f.erysimi
Euphorbia sp.	Podosphaera euphorbiae
Eremogone griffithii	Leveillula caryophyllacearum f. arenariae
Ferula angreni	Erysiphe heraclei
Ferula penninervis	Erysiphe heraclei
Fraxinus sogdiana	Phyllactinia fraxini
Galium aparine	Neoerysiphe galii
Galium pamiroalaicum	Neoerysiphe galii
Geranium linearilobum	Podosphaera fugax
Geranium pusillum	Podosphaera fugax
Geum kokanicum	Sphaerotheca sp.
Hedysarum sp.	Erysiphe communis f. hedysari
Helichrysum nuratavicum	Leveillula compositarum f. helichrysi
Heracleum lehmannianum	Leveillula umbelliferarum f. heraclei
Hieracium sp.	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. euhieracium
Hippophae rhamnoides	Phyllactinia suffulta f. hippophaes
Hordeum spontaneum	Blumeria graminis
Hordeum bulbosum	Blumeria graminis
Hypericum perforatum	Erysiphe hyperici
Hypericum scabrum	Leveillula guttiferarum
Juglans regia	Erysiphe juglandis
Lactuca orientalis	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. lactucae
Lepidium draba	Leveillula cruciferarum f. lepidii
Lepidolopha komarowii	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. tanaceti
Ligustrum sp.	Erysiphe syringae
Lindelofia anchusoides ssp. macrostyla	Erysiphe horridula f. lindelofiae
Lomelosia micrantha	Leveillula datiscacearum f. scabiosae
Lomelosia songarica	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. scabiosae
Malus domestica	Podosphaera leucotricha
Marrubium anisodon	Erysiphe labiatarum f. marrubii
Medicago sativa	Erysiphe communis f.sp. medicaginis–sativae Leveillula leguminosarum f. medicaginis
Melilotus officinalis	Erysiphe trifoliorum
Morus alba	Phyllactinia suffulta f. moricola
Nepeta schtschurowskiana	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. lophanthi
Ornithogalum gulnariense	Podosphaera fugax
Onobrychis chorassanica	Leveillula leguminosarum f. onobrychidis
Origanum vulgare	Erysiphe labiatarum f. origami
Peganum harmala	Leveillula taurica f. pegani
Pentanema britannica	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. inulae
Phlomis nubilans	Erysiphe labiatarum f. phlomidi Leveillula labiatarum f. phlomidis
Phlomis thapsoides	Leveillula labiatarum f. phlomidis
Phlomoides labiosa	Erysiphe labiatarum f. eremostachydis
Pistacia vera	Phyllactinia suffulta f. pistaciae
Plantago lanceolate	Leveillula plantaginis, Podosphaera plantaginis
Plantago major	Erysiphe cichoracearum var. plantaginis
Platanus orientalis	Erysiphe platani
Poa trivialis	Poa trivialis
Poa versicolor	Blumeria graminis
Poa bulbosa	Blumeria graminis
Polygonum aviculare	Erysiphe polygoni f. polygoni
Populus afghanica	Phyllactinia populi
Potentilla pedata	Sphaerotheca macularis
Potentilla reptans	Erysiphe thuemenii
Prangos pabularia	Leveillula umbelliferarum f. prangotis
Pseudosedum lievenii	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. sedi
Psychrogeton cabulicum	Podosphaera fusca
Prunus persica	Podosphaera pannosa
Prunus cerasus	Podosphaera tridactyla f. cerasi
Prunus erythrocarpa	Phyllactinia suffulta f. pruni Podosphaera tridactyla f. cerasi
Prunus bucharica	Podosphaera pannosa, Phyllactinia suffulta f. pruni
Pseudopodospermum inconspicuum	Leveillula compositarum f. scorzonerae
Pseudoheterocaryum szovitsianum	Leveillula boraginacearum f. lappulae
Ranunculus sericeus	Erysiphe aquilegiae var. ranunculi
Rochelia cardiosepala	Erysiphe horridula f. rocheliae
Rochelia sp	Erysiphe horridula f. rocheliae
Rosa canina	Podosphaera pannosa
Rosa persica	Podosphaera pannosa
Rosa beggeriana var. beggeriana	Podosphaera pannosa
Rosa ecae	Podosphaera pannosa
Rumex acetosa	Erysiphe polygoni var. rumicis
Rumex chalepensis	Erysiphe polygoni var. rumicis
Salvia austriaca	Golovinomyces salvia
Salvia scrophulariifolia	Leveillula compositarum f. perovskia
Scandix pecten–veneris	Erysiphe heraclei
Scutellaria ramosissima	Leveillula labiatarum f. scutellariae
Semenovia pimpinellioides	Leveillula umbelliferarum f. heraclei
Solenanthus circinnatus	Erysiphe horridula f. solenanthi Leveillula umbelliferarum f. seseli
Solenanthus turkestanicus	Erysiphe horridula f. solenanthi
Sonchus asper	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. sonchi
Tanacetopsis mucronata	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. tanaceti
Taraxacum officinale	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. taraxaci
Taraxacum maracandicum	Podosphaera erigerontis–canadensis
Trifolium pretense	Erysiphe trifolii
Thinopyrum intermedium ssp. intermedium	Blumeria graminis
Ulmus laevis	Uncinula ulmi
Urtica dioica	Erysiphe urticae
Verbascum songaricum	Leveillula verbasci
Verbena officinalis	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. verbenae
Veronika argute–serrata	Erysiphe cichoracearum f. veronicae
Vitis vinifera	Erysiphe necator
Vickifunkia thomsonii	Sphaerotheca fuliginea f. senecionis
Ziziphora tenuior	Erysiphe labiatarum f. ziziphorae

For figure - - click here for full PDF

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