Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 February 2023 | 15(2): 22632–22653
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7824.15.2.22632-22653
#7824 | Received 10 January 2022 | Final received 20 December 2022 |
Finally accepted 18 February 2023
An annotated checklist of the
economically important family of moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera: Noctuidae) of
the northern Western Ghats, India, with notes on their type species, diversity,
distribution, host plants, and an unusual new faunistic record
Aparna Sureshchandra Kalawate
1 , Prachee Surwade
2 & S.N. Pawara 3
1,2 Zoological Survey of India,
Western Regional Centre, Vidya Nagar, Sector-29, P.C.N.T. (PO), Rawet Road,
Akurdi, Pune, Maharashtra 411044, India.
3 S.G. Patil Arts, Science &
Commerce College, Sakri, Maharashtra 424304, India.
1 aparna_ent@yahoo.co.in
(corresponding author), 2 pracheesurwade0987@gmail.com, 3 shitalnpawara@gmail.com
Abstract: This research is based on the
surveys conducted from 2015─2018 resulting in identification of 37 species of
25 genera of noctuid moths. From the surveys, three new records including one
unusual species namely, Conservula indica (Moore, 1867) are reported in
the present study. A total of eight species of this family are reported as
endemic. Two species—C. indica and Pyrrhia umbra—are reported
first time from the Western Ghats part of Maharashtra. In this communication,
notes on host plant, type species, endemic species with their distribution are
provided.
Keywords: Biodiversity hotspot, endemic,
genera, Conservula indica, faunistic survey, Maharashtra, Pyrrhia
umbra, species, systematics, taxonomy.
Editor: Jatishwor
Singh Irungbam, Sphingidae Museum, Pribram, Czech Republic. Date of publication: 26
February 2023 (online & print)
Citation: Kalawate, A.S., P. Surwade &
S.N. Pawara (2023). An
annotated checklist of the economically important family of moths (Lepidoptera:
Heterocera: Noctuidae) of the northern Western Ghats, India, with notes on
their type species, diversity, distribution, host plants, and an unusual new
faunistic record. Journal of Threatened Taxa 15(2): 22632–22653. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.7824.15.2.22632-22653
Copyright: © Kalawate et al. 2023. Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium
by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: The work is based on the annual
research programme of Zoological Survey of India, WRC, Pune ( Ministry of
Environment & Forests, Govt. of
India).
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing
interests.
Author details: Aparna Sureshchandra
Kalawate (ASK) is a
senior scientist working in Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional
Centre, Pune. She is an entomologist and her interest groups are moths and scarab
beetles. She has more than 68 research papers published in peer reviewed
journals. Prachee Surwade (PS)
worked as a JRF in an entomology laboratory of ZSI, WRC, Pune from August, 2021
to August, 2022. Shital Pawara
(SP) is a PhD student of SG Patil College, Sakri and her PhD thesis is on
moths. She did her PhD research work at ZSI, WRC, Pune.
Author contributions: ASK—performed survey, collected and
identified the moths and wrote the MS; PS—took the photographs and helped in
curation and labeling; SNP—helped in preparing checklist.
Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to the
director, Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata and the officer-in-charge,
Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, Pune for providing
necessary facilities and encouragement. The authors are thankful to the forest
department for their cooperation and support during the survey. The authors
acknowledge the survey team of ZSI Pune for collection efforts.
Introduction
Northern Western Ghats is a
biodiversity hotspot with a high level of endemic species, facing biodiversity
degradation by human exploitation. It is locally known as Sahyadri and is a
chain of flat top mountains of about 750 km in length running parallel to
western Coast of peninsular India from the river Tapi, southern Gujarat down
south to Goa. The global conservation issue is the loss and fragmentation of
tropical rainforest. Invertebrates are sensitive to the environmental changes
and are important indicators to help us in understanding the effects of habitat
fragmentation (Jansen 1997; Miyashita et al. 1998). Ockinger et al. (2010)
reported that moths are sensitive to habitat fragmentation and the species
whose larvae are monophagous are more affected by the loss of habitat. In
recent past, considerable amount of research and conservation efforts have been
carried out in this important ecoregion but is not sufficient. We need to
record and conserve the species before its extinction.
Noctuid moths are also referred
as owlet moths, are economically important group as the larva of most of them
feeds on agricultural, horticultural, and forest plants. Correct identification
of any species is necessary for development of suitable management practices.
Maharashtra is an agriculturally important state of India, where the major
occupation of people is agriculture. Despite various other reasons for low crop
productivity, insect pest infestation is the major one. The immature stages of
many noctuid genera have immense economic impact annually (Kitching 1984). The
huge losses caused by them are counted in terms of millions of rupees every
year which farmers spend for their control. As per Deshmukh et al. (2021), an
additional cost of US$ 49.32 per ha, i.e., 10 times on pesticides was incurred
by farmers to control a noctuid pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith,
1797), in Karnataka. In millets, the voracious feeding of the noctuid pest
results in complete defoliation (Gahukar & Reddy 2019). Another most
dangerous pest is Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) and alone is
responsible for crop losses over INR 35,000 million annually in India (Kumar
& Kapoor 2003). Very recently, the havoc caused by the invasive pest Fall
Army Worm S. frugiperda is a classic example of how proper
identification of the pest is important to control it in time. The distribution
knowledge of such an economically important group of insects is vital for the
economy of any country.
The most significant and
outstanding contribution on the taxonomy of Indian Noctuidae was made by
Hampson (1894, 1895) and published in Fauna of British India including Ceylon
and Burma in two volumes. The classification of noctuid moth is highly unstable
(Mitchell et al. 2000, 2006; Fibiger & Lafontaine 2005; Lafontaine &
Fibiger 2006). Recently, due to the molecular studies conducted by Zahiri
(2011, 2012) the classification has some stable status. In present study, the
classification given by Holloway (2011) has been followed by incorporating
subsequent changes (Zahiri et al 2011, 2012, 2013a, 2013b; Kononenko
& Pinratana 2013). The distribution of the species was consulted from
published literature (Zote et al. 2006; Sivasankaran et al. 2010, 2012;
Kononenko & Pinratana 2013; Shashank & Singh 2014; Kononenko 2016; Das
et al 2020; Nagrare et al. 2022).
On perusal of literature, it was
found that, some literature is available on the noctuid fauna of southern
Western Ghats (Sivasankaran et al. 2010, 2012) but no work so far has been
carried out on noctuid fauna of this region. Hence, the present study was an
taken up with an aim to document the noctuid moths from northern Western Ghats,
Maharashtra. This study yielded in enumeration of 88 species of 44 genera from
13 subfamilies of noctuid moths from this region. Perhaps, this is the first
report of documenting noctuid moths from this ecologically important
biodiversity hotspot.
Materials
and Methods
Study Area
Field visits were undertaken in
the northern Western Ghats region to collect and record the noctuid moths.
Total 17 places in the northern Western Ghats were surveyed. The area surveyed
and the geographical coordinated are given in Table 1 and also presented in
Figure 1.
Collection and identification of
specimens
Collection of specimens was done
by light traps in the night. The collected specimens were euthanized by vapours
of ethyl acetate and further processed in the laboratory by standard procedures
in lepidopterology. The moths were identified with the help of available
literature, viz. Hampson (1894, 1895), Bell & Scott (1937), and Holloway
(1987; 1988). The classification followed is as per Nieukerken et al.
(2011), Zahiri et al. (2010, 2011), and Kononenko & Pinratana (2013). The
identified specimens have been deposited in the National Zoological Collections
of Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Centre, Pune (ZSI-WRC). Some of
the moths from the studied area have been shown in Image 1–3. Figure 1
represents the collection and survey localities. The details of the survey
localities are given in Table 1.
Results
and Discussion
The aim of the present study was
to ascertain the diversity of noctuid moths from the northern Western Ghats of
Maharashtra. As the family has economic importance in agricultural,
horticultural, and forest pest-disease, noctuid moths were assessed for their
diversity. Proper control measures can be deployed to control the pest if it is
identified correctly. Taxonomic documents and taxonomists help the agricultural
scientist and the farmers in general to identify the pest correctly. This study
was taken up to identify and document the noctuid fauna of the region and the
surveys were undertaken during 2015–2018.
Totally, five surveys were
undertaken (Figure 1) where a total of 37 species of noctuid moths have been
documented in this study. The highest number of species reported in the present
study is from Noctuinae (8) followed by Heliothinae (5), Eustrotiinae (5),
Amphipyrinae (4), Bagisarinae (4), Plusiinae (4), Condicinae (3), Agaristinae
(2), Aediinae (2), Eriopinae (1), and Dyopsinae (1).
A report of monophagous species
namely, C. indica (Moore, 1867) in this study formed an unusual new
distribution record from the Western Ghats (Earlier recorded from: Arunachal
Pradesh, Sikkim, and Himachal Pradesh). A semi-epiphytic fern namely, Pteridium
revolutum (Blume) Nakai (= Pteridium aquilinum) of family
Dennstaedtiaceae is the host plant of C. indica. In the northern Western
Ghats, P. revolutum is restricted from the medium─high elevation
forest of Matheran-Mahabaleshwar (800─1,353 m). As per the reports of Kononenko
& Pinratana (2013), C. indica occurred in the forest of
Thailand up to 1,250 m altitude. Contrary to this, in the present study C.
indica is recorded from Valmiki Pathar, Satara, India at 610 m altitude. As
stated earlier, C. indica is reported from the Indian Himalayan
region until this study. Though there are some photographs available on the
citizen science website but no voucher based scientific document stating its
occurrence from the studied area is available so far. Hence, this study forms
an unusual new record of C. indica from the northern Western Ghats based
on voucher specimen. Sivasakaran et al. (2017) listed the species in a
checklist from Tamil Nadu, Western Ghats, India without photographs of the
species. Rigorous studies are required to confirm the gaps areas of record of C.
indica between Himalaya and the Western Ghats.
Chandra (2008) reported 11
Noctuidae species from Jabalpur. Sivasankaran et al. (2011) reported 154
species of noctuid moths classified under 85 genera and 23 subfamilies from
Tamil Nadu part of Western Ghats (Nilgiri Biosphere and Kodaikanal hills).
Fayle et al. (2007) collected 44 noctuid species near fields and gardens. They
collected 13 noctuid species from both agriculture and forest area among which
25.9% and 24.7% noctuids were from agricultural and forest areas, respectively.
Shubhalaxmi et al. (2011) reported 35 noctuid moths from the northern Western
Ghats. Gurule & Nikam (2013) recorded 28 species of noctuid moths from
Nashik, Dhule, Jalgaon, and Nandurbar districts of northern Maharashtra.
Two-hundred-and-ninety-seven species of noctuid moths were reported by Mitra et
al. (2019) from Maharashtra following the old system of classification. In
majority of the published literature the old system of classification has been
followed and they included some erebid moths like Bastilla, Grammodes
under noctuid family. The systematic list of the taxa recorded form the
study area is as under.
TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT
Order Lepidoptera
Linnaeus, 1758
Suborder Glossata
Fabricius, 1775
Superfamily Noctuoidea
Latreille, 1809
Family Noctuidae
Latreille, 1809
Subfamily Plusiinae Boisduval,
[1828]
Tribe Argyrogrammatini Eichlin
& Cunningham, 1978
Trichoplusia McDunnough, 1944
1944. Trichoplusia McDunnough,
Mem. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 2(2): 204.
Type Species: Plusia brassicae
Riley, 1870 = Trichoplusia ni (Hübner, [1803])
1) Trichoplusia ni (Hubner, 1803)
[1803]. Noctua ni Hübner,
Samml. eur. Schmett. [4]: pl. 58, f. 284.
Type locality: Europe.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Antilles, Brazil, Eurasia, Mexico, North America,
northern Argentina, Oriental Region, Paraguay, southern Palearctic, southern
Canada, USA.
Larval host Plants: polyphagous: Ageratum
conyzoides, Carthamus tinctorius, Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, Taraxacum
sect. Taraxacum, Zea mays (Asteraceae); Alcea rosea, Gossypium
herbaceum, Gossypium barbadense (Malvaceae); Antirrhinum spp. (Plantaginaceae);
Apium graveolens (Apiaceae); Asparagus officinalis (Asparagaceae);
Beta vulgaris, Chenopodium album (Amaranthaceae); Brassica nigra,
Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, Citrullus lanatus, Cucurbita maxima (Cucurbitaceae);
Zygophyllum arabicum (Zygophyllaceae); Geranium (Geraniaceae); Glycine
max (Poaceae); Ipomoea batatas (Convolvulaceae); Lathyrus
odoratus, Melilotus indicus, Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculata (Fabaceae);
Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana glauca, Nicotiana tabacum, Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae);
Malus domestica (Rosaceae); Ocimum tenuiflorum (Lamiaceae);
Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); Tropaeolum majus (Tropaeolaceae);
Urtica dioica (Urticaceae).
Thysanoplusia Ichinose, 1973
1973. Thysanoplusia
Ichinose, Kontyû 41(2): 137.
Type Species: Phytometra
intermixta Warren, 1973.
2) Thysanoplusia
(Thysanoplusia) intermixta (Warren, 1913)
1913. Phytometra intermixta
Warren, Seitz, Grosschmett. Erde 3: 357.
Type locality: China.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& West Bengal), Canary Islands, China, Japan, Korea, Russia, southeastern
Asia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Rosaceae,
Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Linaceae, Lamiaceae, and Asteraceae.
3) Thysanoplusia (Thysanoplusia) orichalcea (Fabricius, 1775)
1775. Noctua orichalcea Fabricius,
Systema Ent.: 607.
Type locality: India.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Phansad, Raigad, 23.xi.2011, P.S. Bhatnagar & Party (L-1521); 01 ex.,
Phansad, Raigad, 22.xi.2011, P.S. Bhatnagar & Party (L-1520).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu, West Bengal), Africa, southeastern Asia, Australia, New Zealand,
southern Europe.
Larval host Plants: polyphagous: Helianthus,
Coreopsis (Asteraceae); Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae); Glycine
(Fabaceae).
Vittaplusia Ronkay, Ronkay & Behounek, 2010
2010. Vittaplusia Ronkay,
Ronkay & Behounek, Witt Catalogue 4: 74.
Type Species: Plusia vittata Wallengren,
1856.
4) Vittaplusia (Petraplusia)
obtusisigna (Walker,
1858)
2010. Vittaplusia
(Petraplusia) obtusisigna; Ronkay et al., Witt Catalogue 4: 14.
Type locality: Sri Lanka.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu), Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Ctenoplusia Dufay, 1970
1970. Ctenoplusia Dufay, Faune
Madagascar 31: 91.
Type Species: Plusia limbirena
Guenée, 1852.
5) Ctenoplusia (Ctenoplusia)
albostriata (Bremer
& Grey, 1853)
1853. Plusia albostriata
Bremer & Grey, Beitr. Schmett. nort. China: 18.
Type locality: China (Beijing]).
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Lonavla, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1669); 01 ex.,
Satara, 10.xii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1658).
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, northwestern Himalaya, Odisha, Tamil Nadu), Australia,
China, Fiji Islands, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Russia, Rapa Island,
Sri Lanka, southeastern Asia, and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Symphytum (Boraginaceae);
Calystegia (Convolvulaceae); Aster, Dichrocephala, Elephantopus,
& Erigeron (Compositae); and Calendula, Callistephus,
& Dahlia (Asteraceae).
6) Ctenoplusia (Ctenoplusia) furcifera (Walker,
1858)
1858. Plusia furcifera
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 12: 927.
Type locality: Punjab [India].
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, northwestern Himalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal),
Australia, South Africa, Taiwan, and Thailand.
Larval host plants: Peristrophe
(Acanthaceae); Coffea (Rubiaceae).
Chrysodeixis Hübner, [1821]
[1821]. Chrysodeixis Hübner,
Verz. bek. Schmett. 16: 252.
Type Species: Phalaena
chalcites Esper, 1789.
7) Chrysodeixis (Chrysodeixis)
acuta (Fabricius,
1775)
1858. Plusia acuta Walker,
List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 12: 922.
Type locality: Congo.
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Menawali, Wai Satara, 23.vii.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1973); 01 ex., Oras,
Sindhudurg, 27.ix.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1686); 01 ex., Gaganbawda,
Kolhapur, 03.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1687); 02 ex., Gaganbawda,
Kolhapur, 06.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1688); 11 ex., Lonavla, Pune,
23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1613).
Distribution: India (Kerala, Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu, West Bengal), Africa, Australia, China, Indonesia, and Japan.
Larval host plants: Hordeum
vulgare (Poaceae); Linum usitatissimum (Linaceae); and Sorghum
bicolor (Poaceae).
8) Chrysodeixis (Chrysodeixis)
eriosoma (Doubleday,
1843)
1843. Plusia eriosoma
Doubleday, in Dieffenbach, Travels in New Zealand, 2: 285.
Type locality: New Zealand.
Material examined: 25 ex.,
Lonavla, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1659); 01 ex.,
Menawali, Wai, Satara, 23.vii.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1972).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New
Zealand, New Guinea & neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean, and North
& South America.
Larval host plants: polyphagous:
Solanaceae; Convulvulaceae; Geraniaceae; Lamiaceae; Mimosaceae; Fabaceae;
Passifloraceae; Cucurbitaceae; and Liliaceae.
Anadevidia Kostrowicki, 1961
1961. Anadevidia Kostrowicki,
Acta zool. cracov. 6(10): 384.
Type Species: Noctua peponis Fabricius,
1775.
9) Anadevidia peponis (Fabricius, 1775)
1775. Noctua peponis
Fabricius, Syst. Ent.: 608.
Type locality: East Indies.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Odisha), Australia, Japan, Korea, New Guinea, Taiwan, and Ussuri.
Larval host plants: Citrullus
lanatus, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita
pepo, Momordica chanrantia, Trichosanthes anguina, T. himalensis,
T. cucumerina, Lagenaria siceraria, and Sechium
edule (Cucurbitaceae).
(I) Subfamily Bagisarinae Crumb,
1956
Xanthodes Guenée, 1852
1852. Xanthodes Guenée, Hist.
nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 6(Noct. 2): 209.
Type Species: Phalaena malvae Esper,
1805.
10) Xanthodes
intersepta Guenée, 1852
1852. Xanthodes
intersepta Guenée, Species Général des Lépidoptéres 6: 212.
Type locality: Indes Orientales
(India).
Material examined: 01 ex.
Lonavla, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1629).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu) Burma, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Nepal,
Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Hibiscus,
Kydia, Urena, and Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae).
11) Xanthodes transversa Guenée, 1852
1852. Xanthodes transversa
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 6(Noct. 2): 211.
Type locality: Indonesia;
Bangladesh.
Material examined: 01 ex.
Nandurbar, 28.viii.2019, S.N. Pawara (L-2287).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Andaman & Nicobar Island), Australia, Bangladesh, Bismarck Archipelago,
Borneo, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Melanesia, Myanmar,
Nepal, New Guinea, New Hebrides, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka,
southern China, southern Japan, Solomon Island, Thailand, Timor, Vanuatu, and
Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Barringtonia
(Lecythidaceae), Urena, Abelmoschus, Alcea, Gossypium,
Hibiscus, Kydia, Sida (Malvaceae), Psidium
(Myrtaceae), Solanum (Solanaceae), Grewia (Tiliaceae), Citrus
(Rutaceae), and Boehmeria (Urticaceae).
Chasmina Walker, 1856
1856. Chasmina Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 9: 69.
Type Species: Chasmina cygnus Walker,
1856.
12) Chasmina candida (Walker, 1865)
1865. Arbasera candida Walker,
List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus.32: 638.
Type locality: Cambodia.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Lonavala, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1819); 02 ex., Oras,
Sindhudurg, 10.ix.2015, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1470).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu, & Uttarakhand), Australia, Cambodia, eastern Africa, Fiji,
Indonesia, Laos, Madagascar, Melanesia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, New
Hebrides, Nepal, Philippines, Solomon Island, Sri Lanka, southern Japan,
southern China, Seychelles, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, and Vanuatu.
Larval host plants: Talipariti
tiliaceum and Hibiscus tiliaceus (Malvaceae).
13) Chasmina fasciculosa Walker, 1858
1858. Acontia fasciculosa
Walker, Cat. Lep. Het. B. M. xv, p. 1760.
Type locality: Sri Lanka.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), China, Laos, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and
Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Helicteres
(Malvaceae).
Dyrzela Walker, 1858
1858. Dyrzela Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 15: 1758.
Type Species: Dyrzela plagiata
Walker, 1858.
14) Dyrzela plagiata Walker (1857) 1858
(1857) 1858. Dyrzela plagiata
Walker, List of the Specimens of lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of
the British Museum, 15: 1758.
Type locality: Hindostan (India).
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Satara, 16.x.2016, P.S. Bhatnagar & Party (L-1891).
Distribution: India (Karnataka,
Maharashtra, & Punjab), Thailand, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam,
Malaysia, Borneo, Indonesia, Philippines, and China.
Larval host plants: Grewia
(Malvaceae).
Sphragifera Staudinger, 1892
1892. Sphragifera Staudinger,
in Romanoff, Mém. Lépid. 6: 554.
Type Species: Anthoecia sigillata
Ménétriés, 1859.
15) Sphragifera rejecta (Fabricius, 1775)
1775. Noctua rejecta
Fabricius, Syst. Ent.: 601.
Type locality: India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Punjab, & Tamil Nadu), China, Myanmar, Philippines, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Betulaceae;
and Juglandacee.
Amyna Guenée in Boisduval &
Guenée, 1852
1852. Amyna Guenée, Hist.
nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 5(Noct. 1): 406.
Type Species: Amyna selenampha Guenée,
1852.
16) Amyna axis (Guenée, 1852)
1775. Noctua rejecta
Fabricius, Syst. Ent.: 601.
Type Locality: India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu
and Maharashtra), Australia, America, Africa, Arabia, Borneo, China, Fiji,
Indonesia, Korea, Madagascar, Melanesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, New Hebrides,
Near East, Nepal, Norfolk Island, New Caledonia, Pakistan, Polynesia, Samoa,
south of Russian Far East, Sri Lanka, Solomon Isl., southern Japan, Thailand,
Taiwan, Tonga, Vietnam, and Vanuatu.
Larval host plants: Cannabis
sativa (Cannabaceae); Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae); and Glycine
max (Fabaceae).
17) Amyna stellata Butler, 1878
1878. Amyna stellata
Butler, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5)1(2): 162.
Type Locality: Japan.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Japan, China, Taiwan, Indian Subregion, and Sundaland.
Larval host plants: Achyranthes
(Amaranthaceae).
(II) Subfamily Eustrotiinae
Grote, 1882
Ozarba Walker, 1865
1865. Ozarba Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 32: 684.
Type Species: Ozarba
punctigera Walker, 1865.
18) Ozarba badia (Swinhoe, 1886)
1886. Acontia badia
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1886:421─465.
Type Locality: Mhow (Madhya
Pradesh).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Madhya
Pradesh).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
19) Ozarba itwarra Swinhoe, 1885
1885. Ozarba itwarra
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 452, pl. 27, f. 14.
Type Locality: Poona,
Maharashtra.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
20) Ozarba punctigera Walker, 1865
1865. Ozarba punctigera Walker,
List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus. 32: 685.
Type Locality: China; Australia.
Material examined: 05 ex.,
Lonavala, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1804); 05 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1874).
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, southern India, & Uttarakhand), Australia, Indonesia,
Korea, Japan, Nepal, Pakistan, southern China, South Africa, Thailand, and
Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Gramineae.
21) Ozarba rectifascia (Hampson, 1894)
1894. Metachrostis rectifascia
Hampson, Fauna of British India, Moths- II: 328–329.
Type Locality: Bombay (probably
Bombay presidency during British India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
22) Ozarba uberosa (Swinhoe, 1885)
1885. Metachrostis uberosa,
Swinhoe Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 457.
Type Locality: Poona
(Maharashtra).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
Tamil Nadu, & Western Ghats).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
Deltote Reichenbach, 1817
1817. Deltote Reichenbach,
Jena. allg. Litt.-Ztg. 1: 288.
Type Species: Phalaena
argentula Hübner, 1787.
23) Deltote marginata (Walker, 1866)
1866. Earias marginata
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 35: 1775.
Type Locality: Java.
Material examined: 02 ex., Patan,
Satara, 21.vii.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1931); 01 ex., Koynanagar, Satara, 21.vii.2018, A.S.
Kalawate & Party (L-1931); 01 ex., Nigadi, Nandurbar, 28.vi.2021, S.N.
Pawara (L-3065); 01 ex., Patnadevi, Jalgaon, 14.viii.2021, A.S. Kalawate &
Party (L-3227).
Distribution: India (Delhi,
Maharashtra, & Manipur), China, Indonesia, and Myanmar.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Maliattha Walker, 1863
1863. Maliattha Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 27: 86.
Type Species: Maliattha separata Walker,
1863.
24) Maliattha fuliginosa Warren, 1913
1913. Maliattha fuliginosa
Warren, Eulenartige Nachtfalter Gross-Schmett. Erde 11: 280.
Type Locality: Bombay (probably
Bombay presidency during British India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
25) Maliattha quadripartita Walker, 1865
1865. Acontia quadripartita
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 33: 786.
Type Locality: North Hindostan
(Northern India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& northern India), Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, southern China,
Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Not known.
26) Maliattha signifera (Walker, 1858)
1858. Acontia signifera Walker,
List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 12: 796.
Type Locality: Northern
India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& northern India), Australia, China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand.
Larval host plants: Not known.
(III) Subfamily Acontiinae
Guenée, 1841
Tribe Acontiini Guenée,
1841
Acontia Ochsenheime 1816
1816. Acontia
Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. 4: 91.
Type Species: Noctua solaris
Schiffermüller, 1775.
27) Acontia (Emmelia)
crocata (Guenée,
1852)
1852. Acontia crocata
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 6 (Noct. 2): 218.
Type Locality: Almorah,
northern India.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Nandurbar, 15.vii.2021, S.N. Pawara (L-3189).
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh,
Maharashtra, & Tamil Nadu), Australia, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia,
Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Ligustrum
vulgare (Oleaceae).
28) Acontia discoidea Hopffer, 1862
1862. Acontia discoidea
Hopffer, Peter’s Reis. Moz.: 433.
Type Locality: Mozambique
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
and Africa.
Larval host plants: Abutilon,
Hibiscus praeteritus, and Sida (Malvaceae).
29) Acontia flavonigra (Swinhoe, 1884)
1884. Rivula flavonigra
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1884: 522.
Type Locality: Not known.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& Telangana) and Pakistan.
Larval host plants: Not known.
30) Acontia malvae (Esper, 1796)
1796. Xanthodes malvae
Esper, Schmett.: IV(2): 63.
Type Locality: Hungary.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Europe, and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Gossypium
hirsutum (Malvaceae).
31) Acontia (Acontia)
nitidula (Fabricius,
1787)
1787. Bombyx nitidula
Fabricius, Mantissa Insectorum 2: 126.
Type Locality: Coromandel
[India].
Material examined: 01 ex., Langda
Amba, Jalgaon, 29.vi.2019, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-2559).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra),
Thailand, China, Nepal, Myanmar, Ethiopia, and South Africa.
Larval host plants: Abelmoschus
esculentus and Gossypium (Malvaceae).
32) Acontia opalinoides Guenee, 1852
1852. Acontia opalinoides
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 6(Noct. 2): 219.
Type Locality: “Cote de
Coromandel” [India].
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), Africa, and Myanmar.
Larval host plants: Abutilon
and Gossypium (Malvaceae).
33) Acontia upsilon (Walker, 1865)
1865. Calophasia upsilon
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 33: 763.
Type Locality: Deccan
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), and Africa.
Larval host plants: Not known.
34) Acontia (Emmelia)
binominata (Butler,
1892)
1892. Tarache binominata
Butler, Entomologist 25: 64
Type Locality: South
Hindostan (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
and Africa.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Emmelia Hübner, [1821]
[1821]. Emmelia Hübner, Verz.
bek. Schmett. 16: 254.
Type Species: Phalaena sulphuralis
Linnaeus, 1767.
35) Emmelia basifera (Walker, [1858])
[1858]. Acontia basifera
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 12: 793.
Type Locality: Northern
India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
and Africa.
Larval host plants: Gossypium (Malvaceae).
(IV) Subfamily Aediinae Beck,
1960
Aedia Hübner, [1823]
[1823]. Aedia Hübner, Verz.
bek. Schmett. 17: 260.
Type Species: Noctua funesta
Esper, 1786.
36) Aedia leucomelas (Linnaeus, 1758)
1758. Noctua leucomelas
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 518.
Type Locality: Europe.
Material examined: 01
ex., Peth, Nashik, 23.x.2013, P.S. Bhatnagar & Party (L-1682); 01 ex.,
Bhosgaon, Patan, Satara, 12.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1770).
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Karnataka, & Maharashtra), Australia, Africa, Europe, Fiji,
Indonesia, Japan, Korea, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, New Guinea, Near East,
Nepal, Malaysia, Melanesia, Philippines, Samoa, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vanuatu.
Larval host plants: Ipomoea
batatas, Convolvulus sp., and Calystegia (Convolvulaceae).
37) Aedia acronyctoides (Guenee, 1852)
1852. Anophia arronyctoides Guenee,
Noct. 3: 47.
1894. Catephia acronyctoides:
Hampson, Fauna Brit. India, Moths, 2: 482–483.
Type Locality: Van Diemen‘s
land [Tasmania].
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 03.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1683); 02 ex.,
Lonavala, 23.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1615).
Distribution: India (Andaman
Islands, Haryana, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, & Tamil Nadu),
Australia, Cambodia, Fiji, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia,
New Guinea, Nepal, Philippines, Polynesia, Samoa, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor, and
Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Convonvulus,
Ipomea, Merremia (Convonvulaceae); Limonia (Rutaceae); and
Chondrilla (Asteraceae).
38) Aedia olivescens (Guenee, 1852)
1852. Anophia olivescens
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 7(Noct. 3): 48.
Type Locality: Java.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Andaman
Islands, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Punjab, & Uttar
Pradesh), Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Convolvulus,
Ipomoea, Merremia, (Convonvulaceae); Limonia (Rutaceae); and Lycopersicon,
Solanum (Solanaceae).
(V) Subfamily Pantheinae Smith,
1898
Trisula Moore, 1858
1858. Trisula Moore, in
Horsfield & Moore, Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. Nat. East India House 2: 420.
Type Species: Trisula
variegata Moore, 1858.
39) Trisula variegata Moore, 1858
1858. Trisula variegata
Moore, Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. Nat. East India House 2: 420.
Material examined: None.
Type Locality: northern India,
Madras (India).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra) and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Ficus
religiosa (Moraceae).
(VI) Subfamily Dyopsinae Guenée,
1852
Donda Moore, 1882
1882. Donda Moore, Descr.
Indian lep. Atkinson 2: 161.
Type Species: Dandaca
eurychlora Walker, 1882.
40) Donda eurychlora (Walker, 1858)
1858. Dandaca eurychlora
Walker, Walk. Cat., 15: 1670.
Type Locality: Hindostan, Canara
[India].
Material examined: 02
ex., Lonavala, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & party (L-1975).
Distribution: India (Karnataka,
Kerala, Maharashtra, northern India, Sikkim, & Tamil Nadu), Nepal, and
Malaysia.
Larval host plants: Trema
orientalis (Cannabaceae) and Bombax (Bombacaceae).
41) Donda ornata Moore, 1883
1883. Donda ornata Moore, Proc.
zool. Soc. Lond. 1883: 23, pl. 6, f. 3.
Type Locality: West Bengal
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
and Bangladesh.
Larval host plants: Bombax
malabaricum and Oroma lagapos (Bombacaceae).
Belciana Walker, 1862
1862. Belciana Walker, J.
Proc. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 6: 182.
Type Species: Dandaca biformis
Walker, 1858.
42) Belciana hemodi (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874)
1874. Pandesma hemodi
Felder & Rogenhofer, Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2)
(4): pl. 111, f. 25.
Type Locality: Himalaya.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
Larval host plants: Shorea
maximi (Dipterocarpaceae) and Heritiera (Malvaceae).
43) Belciana biformis Walker, 1858
1858. Dandaca biformis
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 15: 1671.
Type Locality: Borneo, Sarawak
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), Indonesia, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Shorea
maximi (Dipterocarpaceae) and Heritiera (Malvaceae).
(VII) Subfamily Agaristinae
Boisduval, 1833
Aegocera Latreille, 1809
1809. Aegocera Latreille,
Genera Crust. Insect. 4: 211.
Type Species: Phalaena venulia
Cramer, 1777.
44) Aegocera bimacula Walker, 1854
1854. Aegocera bimacula Walker,
List Spec. Lep. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus., 1: 57.
Type Locality: Northern India.
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Jalgaon, 22.vi.2019. A.S. Kalawate & Party L-2566.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, & Sikkim), Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Dillenia
pentagyna (Dilleniaceae) and Leea guineensis (Vitaceae).
45) Aegocera venulia (Cramer, [1777])
[1777]. Phalaena venulia Cramer,
Uitl. Kapellen 2(9─16): 165.
Type Locality: Not known.
Material examined: 14 ex.,
Jalgaon, 30.vi.2019, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-2538).
Distribution: India (Bihar,
Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Pondicherry, Rajasthan, subHimalayan tracts of
Kashmir & Sikkim, plains of India, & Tamil Nadu) and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Boerhavia
sp. (Nyctaginaceae) and Trianthema (Aizoaceae).
Episteme Hübner, [1820]
[1820]. Episteme Hübner, Verz.
bek. Schmett. 12: 179.
Type Species: Phalaena lectrix
Linnaeus, 1764.
46) Episteme adulatrix (Kollar, [1844])
1844. Eusemia adulatrix
Kollar, Hugel’s Kaschmir, 4(2): 464.
Type Locality: Himalaya.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Nepal, China, and Myanmar.
Larval host plants: Dioscorea
pentaphylla, D. belophylla (Dioscoreaceae); and Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae).
(VIII) Subfamily Amphipyrinae
Guenée, 1837
Callyna Guenée, 1852
1852. Callyna Guenée, Hist.
nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 5(Noct. 1): 112.
Type Species: Callyna siderea
Guenée, 1852.
47) Callyna costiplaga Moore, [1885]
[1885]. Callyna costiplaga
Moore, Lepid. Ceylon 3(2): 100.
Type Locality: Ceylon (Sri
Lanka).
Material examined: 03 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1818).
Distribution: India (Kerala,
Maharashtra, & Tamil Nadu), China, Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and
Thailand.
Larval host plants: Not known.
48) Callyna jugaria Walker, 1858
1858. Callyna jugaria Walker,
List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus 15: 1809.
Type Locality: Northern Hindustan
(India).
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Ambegaon, Pune, 23.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1779); 01 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1820); 01 ex.,
Vaibhavwadi, Sindhudurg, 06.ix.2015, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1546).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, southern
China, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Taiwan, and Vietnam
Larval host plants: Cordia myxa
and C. macleodii (Boraginaceae).
49) Callyna monoleuca Walker, 1858
1858. Callyna
monoleuca Walker, List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus
15: 1667.
Type Locality: Canara (India).
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Patan, Satara, 20.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1708); 01 ex., Valmiki
Pathar, Satara, 18.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1748).
Distribution: India (Assam, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Sikkim, & Tamil Nadu), Australia, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar,
Malay Peninsula, Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, and
western China.
Larval host plants: Cordia myxa
and C. macleodii (Boraginaceae).
50) Callyna siderea Guenee, 1852
1852. Callyna siderea
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 5 (Noct. 1): 113.
Type Locality: Silhet
(Bangladesh).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Northern
India including Himachal Pradesh, & Maharashtra) and Bangladesh.
Larval host plants: Not known.
(IX) Subfamily Heliothinae
Boisduval, [1828] 1829
Helicoverpa Hardwick, 1965
1965. Helicoverpa
Hardwick, Ent. Soc. Canada, no. 40: 1-247.
Type Species: Noctua armigera
Hübner, 1808.
51) Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, [1808])
[1808]. Noctua armigera
Hübner, Samml. Erop. Schmett. 4: pl. 79.
Type Locality: Not known.
Material examined: 05 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 03.x.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1543); 01 ex.,
Saptashrungi gadh, Nashik, 06.xi.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1542); 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 02.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1679); 02 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 06.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1680); 01 ex.,
Bhosgaon, Satara, 20.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1698); 01 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1814).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Australia, Afghanistan, China, central Asia, Europe,
Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Near East, New Zealand, northern
Africa, Old World. Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Polyphagous:
Acanthaceae; Aizoaceae; Alliaceae; Anacardiaceae; Apocynaceae; Cannabidaceae;
Caryophyllaceae; Cleomaceae; Compositae; Cruciferae; Cucurbitaceae; Gramineae;
Labiaceae; Leguminosae; Linaceae; Malvaceae; Musaceae; Papaveraceae;
Resedaceae; Rosaceae; Rubiaceae; Rutaceae; Scrophulariaceae; Solanaceae;
Vitaceae; and Zygophyllaceae.
52) Helicoverpa assulta (Guenée, 1852)
1852. Heliothis assulta
Guenée, Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 6 (Noct. 2): 178.
Type Locality: Tahiti.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Australia, China, Fiji, Guam, Indochina, Indonesia,
Japan, Korea, Micronesia, Nepal, Near East, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines,
Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Tahiti.
Larval host plants: Lycopersicon,
Nicotiana, Physalis, and Solanum (Solanaceae).
Heliothis Ochsenheimer, 1816
1816. Heliothis
Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. 4: 91.
Type Species: Phalaena
dipsacea Linnaeus, 1767.
53) Heliothis peltigera ([Denis & Schiffermüller],
1775)
1775. Noctua peltigera
Denis & Schiffermuller, Wiell, Ven. 89: 2.
Type Locality: Cote de
Coromandel? [India].
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 06.x.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1556); 01 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1815).
Distribution: India (Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, & Punjab), Afghanistan, Africa, Bangladesh, Laos, Europe,
Kazakstan, northern & central Asia, Pakistan, and western China.
Larval host plants: polyphagous: Carthamus,
Calendula (Asteraceae), and Medicago (Fabaceae).
Adisura Moore, 1881
1881. Adisura Moore, Proceedings
of the Zoological Society of London, 1881:367.
Type Species: Adisura atkinsoni
Moore, 1881.
54) Adisura atkinsoni Moore, 1881
1881. Adisura atkinsoni Moore,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1881: 368.
Type Locality: Darjiling, West
Bengal (India).
Material examined: 02 ex., Lonavala,
Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1809).
Distribution: India (Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra (in this study) Tamil Nadu, & West Bengal), Africa,
Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and
Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Lablab
pupureus and Cajanus cajan (Fabaceae).
Remark: New record to Maharashtra.
55) Adisura marginalis (Walker, 1858)
1858. Anthophila marginalis
Walker, List Spec. lep. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus. 12: 830.
Type Locality: Northern India.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 6.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1735); 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 2.x.2017, V.D. Hegde and Party (L-1736); 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 3.x.2017, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1737).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
northern India, & West Bengal), Ambon, Indonesia, Moluccas, and Thailand.
Larval host plants: Cajanus cajan
(Fabaceae).
Pyrrhia Hübner, [1821]
[1821]. Pyrrhia Hübner, Verz.
bek. Schmett. 15: 233.
Type Species: Noctua rutilago
Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775.
56) Pyrrhia umbra (Hufnagel, 1766)
1766. Phalaena umbra
Hufnagel, Berl. Mag. 3: 294.
Type Locality: Berlin region.
Material examined: 01 ex., Satara,
15.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1765).
Distribution: India (Jammu &
Kashmir and northern India), Australia, Caucasus, central Asia, China, Europe,
Iran, Kazakhstan, Nepal, southern Siberia, and Transcaucasia.
Larval host plants: Ononis
hircine, O. repens, O. spinosa, Genista tinctoria, Vicia cracca
(Fabaceae); Linaria vulgaris, L. bipartita, Antirrhinum majus
(Plantaginaceae); Salix phylicifolia (Salicaceae); Polygonum
lapathifolium (Polygonaceae); Rubus sp. (Rosaceae); Pentstemon
barbatus (Plantaginaceae); Melampyrum nemorosum (Orobanchaceae); and
Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae).
Remark: Reported as a new record to
Western Ghats (Kalawate 2022).
(X) Subfamily Condicinae Poole, 1995
Tribe Condicini Poole, 1995
Condica Walker, 1856
1856. Condica Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 9: 240.
Type Species: Condica palpalis
Walker, 1865.
57) Condica conducta (Walker, [1857] 1856)
[1857] 1856. Caradrina conducta
Walker, Cat., 10: 296.
Type Locality: Congo.
Material examined: 01 ex., WRC, ZSI
campus, Pune, 14.iii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1771); 01 ex.,
Lonavala, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1823).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Africa, Sri Lanka, and Fiji.
Larval host plants: Senecio (Asteraceae);
Carthamus tinctorius, Dendranthema morifolium, Guizotia
abyssinica, Coreopsis, Cosmos, Senecio, Chrysanthemum
(Compositae); Corchorus (Tiliaceae); and Lepisanthes imbricata (Sapindaceae).
58) Condica dolorosa (Walker, 1865)
1865. Mamestra dolorosa Walker,
List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus. 32: 667.
Type Locality: Sri Lanka.
Material examined: 01 ex., WRC, ZSI,
Pune campus, 14.iii.2017, A.S. Kalawate (L-1821).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Australia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, New
Guinea, New Caledonia, Nepal, Polynesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Solomones,
Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Conyza,
Elephantopus, and Blumea balsamifera (Composita).
59) Condica illecta (Walker, 1865)
1865. Perigea illecta
Walker, List Spec. lipid. Ins. Coll. Brit. Mus. 32: 684.
Type Locality: North Hindustan
[India].
Material examined: 01 ex., Lonavala,
Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1822).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra),
Australia, Borneo, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia,
Melanesia, Nepal, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Oman, Philippines, Samoa, Saudi
Arabia, Sri Lanka, Solomon Island, Taiwan, Thailand, Timor, Tonga, Vanuatu,
Vietnam, and Yemen.
Larval host plants: Ageratum,
Dichrocephala, Elephantopus scaber, Emilia, Bidens, Carthamus,
Cereopsis, Dahlia (Compositae); Helianthus, Gnaphalium,
Sonchus (Asteraceae); and Coffea (Rubiaceae).
Prospalta Walker, [1858] 1857
[1858]. Prospalta Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. us. 13: 1079.
Type Species: Prospalta
leucospila Walker, [1858].
60) Prospalta leucospila Walker, [1858]
[1858]. Prospalta leucospila
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 13: 1114.
Type Locality: Hindostan
[India].
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Arunachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, & Sikkim) and Nepal.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Iambia Walker, 1863
1863. Iambia Walker,
List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus., 27: 109.
Type Species: Iambia inferalis
Walker, 1863.
61) Iambia pulla (Swinhoe, 1885)
1885. Acontia pulla
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1885: 456, pl. 27, f. 15.
Type Locality: Poona (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Punjab, Maharashtra, & West Bengal) and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Ziziphus (Rhamnaceae).
(XI) Subfamily Eriopinae
Herrich-Schäffer, [1851] 1845
Callopistria Hübner, [1821]
[1821]. Callopistria
Hübner, Verz. bek. Schmett. 14: 216.
Type Species: Phalaena
juventina Stoll, 1782.
62) Callopistria maillardi (Guenée, 1862)
1862. Eriopus maillardi Guenée,
Notes fur l’lle de la Réunion (Bourbon) 2: 639.
2013. Callopistria maillardi:
Kononenko and Pinratana, Broth. St. Gabr. Thai. Bangk.: 625pp.
Type Locality: Réunion.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Tamhini, Pune, 19.ix.2018, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1872); 01 ex.,
Talegaon, Pune, 5.ix.2018, N. Upadhyay (L-1873).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Indonesia, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Nephrolepis
biserrata (Lomariopsidaceae); Asplenium nidus (Aspleniaceae); Pellaea
viridis (Pteridaceae); Adiantum sp. (Pteridaceae); and Lygodium
sp. (Lygodiaceae).
63) Callopistria
callopistrioides (Moore, 1881)
1881. Thalpophila
callopistrioides Moore, Proc. zool Soc. Lond., 1881:344.
Type Locality: Northern India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& northeastern Himalaya), Myanmar, Indonesia, Malaysia (Borneo), and
Philippines.
Larval host plants: Not known.
64) Callopistria apicalis (Walker, 1855)
1855. Mosara apicalis Walker,
List specimens lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 5:1032.
Type Locality: Not known.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), and Philippines.
Larval host plants: Not known.
(XII) Subfamily Noctuinae
Latreille, 1809
Tribe Prodeniini Forbes,
1954
Spodoptera Guenée, 1852
1852. Spodoptera Guenée, Hist.
nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 5 (Noct. 1): 153.
Type Species: Hadena mauritia
Boisduval, 1833.
65) Spodoptera litura (Fabricius, 1775)
1775. Noctua litura Fabricius
Entom. Syst. Emen. et Aucta. Sec. Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species,
Adjectis Synonymis, Locis, Desc. Observatio.: 601.
Type Locality: Darjeeling
(India).
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 02.x.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1681); 01 ex.,
Sakarpa, Ratnagiri, 29.x.2015, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1372); 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 03.x.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1548); 01 ex., WRC,
ZSI, Pune campus, 01.x.2015, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1549).
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha,
Punjab, Sikkim, Tripura, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, & West Bengal),
Autralo-Papuan, Borneo Java, Nepal, southern Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Singapore,
Ethippian, Taiwan of oriental & also Palaearctic, and Hawaiian regions.
Larval host plants: polyphagus: Allium
(Alliaceae); Mangifera (Anacardiaceae); Carissa (Apocynaceae); Alocasia,
Colocasia (Araceae); Basella (Basellaceae); Begonia
(Begoniaceae); Canna (Cannaceae); Carica (Caricaceae); Casuarina
(Casuarinaceae); Terminalia (Combretaceae); Blumea, Dahlia,
Helianthus, Lactuca, Synedrella, Zinnia
(Compositae); Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae); Brassica (Cruciferae); Cucurbita
(Cucurbitaceae); Dioscorea (Dioscoreaceae); Diospyros (Ebenaceae);
Euphorbia, Ricinus (Euphorbiaceae); Andropogon, Lepturus, Saccharum,
Thuarea Zea (Gramineae); Cassytha (Lauraceae); Acacia, Canavalia,
Dolichos, Glycine, Indigofera, Inocarpus, Medicago, Mimosa, Mucuna, Phaseolus,
Sesbania (Leguminosae); Asparagus, Eucharis (Liliaceae);
Geniostoma (Loganiaceae); Gossypium, Sida (Malvaceae); Ficus
(Moraceae); Musa (Musaceae); Psidium (Myrtaceae); Boerhavia
(Nyctaginaceae); Passiflora (Passifloraceae); Piper (Piperaceae);
Polygonum (Polygonaceae); Eichhornia (Pontederiaceae); Rosa
(Rosaceae); Morinda (Rubiaceae); Citrus (Rutaceae); Antirrhinum
(Scrophulariaceae); Lycopersicon, Nicotiana, Solanum
(Solanaceae); Theobroma (Sterculiaceae); Camellia (Theaceae); Triumfetta
(Tiliaceae) ; Daucus (Umbelliferae); Laportea (Urticaceae); and Lantana,
Tectona (Verbenaceae).
66) Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval, 1833)
1833. Hadena mauritia Boisduval,
Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 2(2): 240.
Type Locality: Mauritius, Bourbon.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Gaganbawda, Kolhapur, 03.x.2016, V.D. Hegde & Party (L-1681).
Distribution: India (Andaman &
Nicobar Island, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, & West Bengal),
Australo-Papuan, Ethiopio-Malagassic, Hawiian regions, Indonesia, Pakistan,
Philippines of oriental, southern Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and western Malaysia.
Larval host plants: Gramineae;
Compositae; Coniferae; Cruciferae; Cyperaceae; Malvaceae; Palmae; Solanaceae.
67) Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833)
1833. Prodenia littoralis
Boisduval, Fauna Ent. Madag. Lep.: 91.
Type Locality: Kichwamba, Ankole,
Uganda.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Africa, Europe, Greece, Israel, Italy, Portugal, Spain,
Syria, and Turkey.
Larval host plants: polyphagus: Gossypium
hirsutum, Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae); Graminae;
Euphorbiaceae; Cruciferaceae; Umbelliferae; Araceae; Solanaceae;
Chenopodiaceae; Leguminosae; Capparidaceae; Labitaceae; Compositae; Rosaceae;
Oleaceae; Anacardiaceae; Rutaceae; Apocynaceae; Fabaceae; Moraceae; Tiliaceae;
and Myrtaceae.
Tribe Caradrini Boisduval, 1840
Subtribe Athetiina Fibiger
& Lafontaine, 2005
Athetis Hübner, [1821]
[1821]. Athetis Hübner, Verz.
bek. Schmett. 14: 209.
Type Species: Noctua dasychira
Hübner, 1817.
68) Athetis bremusa (Swinhoe, 1885)
1885. Caradrina bremusa Swinhoe,
Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 451.
Type Locality: Poona (India).
Material examined: 01 ex.,
WRC, ZSI campus, Pune, 21.xi.2016, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1684).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra), Myanmar,
Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Not known.
69) Athetis thoracica (Moore, [1884])
[1884]. Radinacra thoracica Moore,
The Lepidoptera of Ceylon 3: 31.
Type Locality: Sri Lanka.
Material examined: 04 ex.,
Lonavla, Pune, 23.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1729).
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& Tamil Nadu), Australia, Borneo, China, Fiji, Hawaii, Laos, Indonesia,
Philippines, Malaysia, Myanmar, Melanesia, New Hebrides, Nepal, New Caledonia,
New Guinea, Polynesia, Sri Lanka, Samoa, southern Japan, Solomon Isl., Taiwan,
Thailand, Timor, Tonga, Vanuatu, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Commelina (Commelinaceae);
Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae); Syzygium (Myrtaceae); Portulaca (Portulacaceae);
Nicotiana (Solanaceae); Camellia (Theaceae); Gramineae;
and Leguminosae.
70) Athetis delecta (Moore, 1881)
1881. Caradrina delecta
Moore, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1881: 349, pl. 38, f. 15.
Type Locality: Darjiling (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, and western China.
Larval host plants: Not known.
71) Athetis fasciata (Moore, 1867)
1867. Graphiphora fasciata
Moore, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1867: 54.
Type Locality: Darjeeling
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra
& Sikkim), Nepal, Thailand, and western China.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Tribe Dypterygiini Forbes,
1954
Aucha Walker, [1858]
[1858]. Aucha Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 13: 1137.
Type Species: Aucha velans Walker,
1858.
72) Aucha nectens (Walker, 1858)
1858. Triphaena nectens
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 15: 1704.
Type Locality: Hindostan (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
and Malaysia.
Larval host plants: Not knwon.
Trachea Ochsenheimer, 1816
1816. Trachea Ochsenheimer,
Schmett. Eur. 4: 75.
Type Species: Phalaena
atriplicis Linnaeus, 1758.
73) Trachea auriplena (Walker, 1857)
1857. Eurois auriplena
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 11: 557.
Type Locality: Sri Lanka.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), Thailand, Pakistan, northern India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan,
and northern Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Tribe Phlogophorini Hampson,
1918
Conservula Grote, 1874
1874. Conservula Grote, Bull.
Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci. 2: 17.
Type species: Phlogophora
anodonta Guenée, 1852.
74) Conservula indica (Moore, 1867)
1867. Phlogophora indica
Moore, Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 57.
Type Locality: Bengal [India].
Material examined: 02 ex.,
Valmiki Pathar, Patan, Satara, 18.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1752).Distribution:
India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, & Himachal Pradesh), Bangladesh, Laos,
Pakistan, southwestern China, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Pteridium
aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae).
Remark: New record for Western
Ghats, Maharashtra.
Euplexia Stephens, 1829
1829. Euplexia Stephens, Nom.
Br. Insects, 1829: 41.
Type Species: Phalaena lucipara Linnaeus,
1758.
75) Euplexia semifascia (Walker, 1856)
1865. Hadena semifascia Walker, List
Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 33: 737.
Type Locality: South Hindostan
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Northwestern
Himalaya, Maharashtra, & Tamil Nadu) and Nepal.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Karana Moore, 1882
1882. Karana Moore,
Descr. Indian lep. Atkinson 2: 106.
Type Species: Karana decorata Moore,
1882.
76) Karana gemmifera (Walker, 1857)
[1858]. Plusia gemmifera
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 12: 934.
Type Locality: Not known.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Sikkim, & Tamil Nadu), Malay Peninsula, Malaysia,
Myanmar, Nepal, southwestern China, Taiwan, and Thailand.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Pareuplexia Warren in Setiz, 1911
1911. Pareuplexia Warren, Novit.
zool. 18: 140─148.
Type Species: Naenia
chalybeata Moore, 1867.
77) Pareuplexia metallica (Walker, 1865)
1865. Mamestra metallica
Walker, List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 32: 666.
Type Locality: Darjeeling
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Bombay
during British India=probably Maharashtra, Sikkim, & West Bengal).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
Sasunaga Moore, 1881
1881. Sasunaga Moore, Proc.
zool. Soc. Lond. 1881: 342.
Type Species: Hadena tenebrosa
Moore, 1867.
78) Sasunaga tenebrosa Moore, 1867
1867. Hadena tenebrosa Moore,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1867: 59.
Type Locality: Bengal (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Sikkim, & Uttarakhand), Bangladesh,
Borneo, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, southwestern
China, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Timor, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Ventilago (Rhamnaceae).
79) Sasunaga longiplaga Warren, 1912
1912. Sasunaga longiplaga
Warren, Novit. zool. 19: 15.
Type Locality: Penang (Malaysia).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra), Borneo, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Malay Peninsula,
Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, southwestern China, Thailand, Taiwan,
Timor, and Vietnam.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Tribe Hadenini Guenée,
1837
Subtribe Leucaniina
Guenée, 1837
Leucania Ochsenheimer, 1816
1816. Leucania
Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. 4: 81.
80) Leucania (Acantholeucania)
loreyi (Duponchel,
1827)
1827. Noctua loreyi
Duponchel, Lep. France, 7: 81.
Type Locality: Dijon.
Material examined: 01
ex., Bhosgaon, Satara, 13.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1731); 01 ex., Forest
RH, Bhosgaon, Satara, 17.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate & Party (L-1699).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Europe, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Oryza sativa,
Zea mays, and Saccharum (Poaceae).
81) Leucania polemusa Swinhoe, 1885
1885. Leucania polemusa
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 447, pl. 27, f. 1.
Type Locality: Poona; Bombay
(India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
82) Leucania vana (Swinhoe, 1885)
1885. Agrotis vana
Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. pl. 27, f. 9.
Type Locality: Poona; Sattara
(Maharashtra, India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India
(Maharashtra).
Larval host plants: Not known.
Remark: Endemic to India.
Tribe Noctuini Latreille,
1809
Subtribe Agrotina Rambur,
1848
Agrotis Ochsenheimer, 1816
1816. Agrotis
Ochsenheimer, Schmett. Eur. 4: 66.
Type Species: Noctua segetum
Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775.
83) Agrotis biconica Kollar, [1844]
[1844]. Agrotis biconica
Kollar, in Hügel, Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek 4: 480.
Type Locality: Kashmir (India).
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Maharashtra,
northwestern Himalayas, Punjab, Sikkim, & Tamil Nadu), Afghanistan, Iran,
Madagascar, Myanmar, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Turkey.
Larval host plants: Not known.
84) Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel, 1766)
1766. Phalaena ipsilon
Hufnagel, Berlinisches Magazin, 3: 416.
Type Locality: Germany.
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Talegaon, Pune, 08.viii.2017, N. Upadhyay (L-1946).
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Universally distributed except South America.
Larval host plants: Polyphagous:
Crataegus sp. (Rosaceae); Cruciferae; Chenopodiaceae; Compositae;
Gramineae; and Solanum tuberosum (Solanaceae).
85) Agrotis segetum ([Denis & Schiffermüller],
1775)
1775. Noctua segetum Denis
& Schiffermüller, Ank. syst. Schmett. Wienergegend: 81.
Type Locality: Vienna region.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (throughout
including Maharashtra), Africa, Asia, China, Europe, Indochina, Indonesia,
Japan, Korea, Madagascar, Nepal, New Guinea, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand,
and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Polyphagous:
Fabaceae; Amaryllidaceae; Asparagaceae; Brassicaceae; Theaceae; Casuarinaceae;
Pinaceae; Asteraceae; Rubiaceae; Cucurbitaceae; Myrtaceae; Rosaceae; Malvaceae;
Solanaceae; and Amaranthaceae.
Subtribe Noctuina
Latreille, 1809
Xestia Hübner, 1818
1818. Xestia Hübner, Zuträge
Samml. exot. Schmett. 1: 16.
Type Species: Noctua ochreago Hübner,
1790.
86) Xestia c-nigrum (Linnaeus, 1758)
1758. Phalaena (Noctua)
c-nigrum Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 516.
Type Locality: Europe.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Meghalaya,
Maharashtra, northwestern Himalaya, & Tamil Nadu),
northern America, Europe, Japan, and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Chamaenerion
angustifolium (Onagraceae) and Stellaria media (Caryophyllaceae).
87) Xestia semiherbida (Walker, 1857)
1857. Triphaena semiherbida
Walker, Cat. Lep. Het., 11: 743.
Type Locality: Northern India.
Material examined: None.
Distribution: India (Himachal
Pradesh, Maharashtra, northern India, & Sikkim), Japan, and Taiwan.
Larval host plants: Not known.
Tribe Glottulini Guenee,
1852
Polytela Guenée, 1852
1852. Polytela Guenée, Hist.
nat. Insectes (Spec. gén. Lépid.) 5: 113.
Type Species: Bombyx gloriosae
Fabricius, 1775.
88) Polytela gloriosae Fabricius, 1781(Plate 1 E)
1781. Polytela gloriosae
Fabricius, Spec. Ins. 2: 205.
Type Locality: “Habitat in Indiae
orientalis Gloriosa” (India).
Material examined: 01 ex.,
Menawali, Wai, Satara, 23.vii.2018,
A.S. Kalawate & Party
(L-1971); 01 ex., Valmiki Pathar, Satara, 18.vii.2017, A.S. Kalawate &
Party (L-1751); 01ex., WRC, ZSI, Pune campus, 7.viii.2017, A.S. Kalawate
(L-1798).
Distribution: India (throughout including
Maharashtra) and Sri Lanka.
Larval host plants: Gloriosa
superba (Colchicaceae); Crinum asiaticum, Amaryllis
(Amaryllidaceae); Scadoxus multiflorus (Amaryllidaceae); and Lilium
(Liliaceae).
Conclusion
The present study provides an
enumeration of total of 88 species of 44 genera from 13 subfamilies of noctuid
family. Total eight species of noctuid moths reported endemic to India: Leucania
polemusa; Leucania vana; Ozarba badia; Ozarba itwarra;
Ozarba rectifascia; Ozarba uberosa; Maliattha fuliginosa,
and Pareuplexia metallica. Two species namely, C. indica and P.
umbra are reported first time from the Western Ghats’ part of Maharashtra. Adisura
atkinsoni is a new record to Maharashtra. This is the first report of
documenting noctuid moths from the northern Western Ghats region. In future
more extensive survey efforts will be undertaken to collect and record the
diversity of the noctuid moth from northern Western Ghats.
Table1. Details of the survey
localitites with geocoordinates.
Locality |
Latitude |
Longitude |
Lonavala |
18.75 |
73.4 |
Oras |
16.11 |
73.7 |
Bhosgaon |
17.22 |
73.95 |
Menawali |
17.94 |
73.89 |
Gaganbawda |
16.54 |
73.83 |
Phansad |
18.4 |
72.93 |
Talegaon dabhade |
18.73 |
73.68 |
Sakharpa |
16.99 |
73.69 |
Saptashrungi gadh |
20.39 |
73.9 |
Tamhini |
18.45 |
73.43 |
ZSI, WRC, campus |
18.64 |
73.76 |
Valmiki pathar |
17.72 |
73.61 |
Katewadi |
17.39 |
73.74 |
Trayambakeshwar |
19.93 |
73.53 |
Patan |
17.37 |
17.37 |
Vaibhavwadi |
16.49 |
73.74 |
Peth |
20.25 |
73.5 |
For figures &
images - - click here for full PDF
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