Three new black mildews from Kerala, India
V.B. Hosagoudar1 & A. Sabeena 2
1,2 Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala695562, India
1 Present address: Killa, Bilagi, Bagalkot District, Karnataka 587116, India
1 vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com
(corresponding author), 2asabeenarasheed@gmail.com
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3650.4898-900
Editor: R.K. Verma,
Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, India. Date of publication: 26 October 2013
(online & print)
Manuscript details: Ms #
o3650 | Received 06 June 2013 | Final received 30 September 2013 | Finally
accepted 04 October 2013
Citation: Hosagoudar, V.B. & A. Sabeena (2013).Three new black mildews from Kerala,
India.Journal of Threatened Taxa 5(14): 4898–4900; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3650.4898-900
Copyright: © Hosagoudar& Sabeena 2013. Creative
Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium,
reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and
the source of publication.
Funding: Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden & Research Institute, Palode,
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695562, India
Competing Interest:Authors declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: We
express our gratitude to Dr. P.G. Latha, Director,
JNTBGRI, Palode for the
facilities.
The publication of this article is
supported by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF), a joint initiative
of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the
European Commission, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of
Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank.
During the study of foliicolous fungi of
Western Ghats in Kerala State, authors could come across three black mildew
fungi infected leaves of Argyreia sp., Ficus sp. and Pavetta tomentosa. Microscopic study of these fungi revealed that they are hitherto undescribed species. Hence, they are described and illustrated here in detail.
Asterina mananthavadiensis sp. nov.
(Fig. 1; MycoBank # 805653)
Colonies mostly epiphyllous, subdenseto dense up to 3mm in diameter, confluent. Hyphae substraightto flexuous, branching opposite, alternate to irregular at acute to wide
angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 17–27 × 3–5 μm. Appressoria, alternate, opposite to unilateral, antrorse to subantrorse, stellately lobate 7–12
× 5–10 μm. Thyriotheciascattered to grouped, orbicular, up to 130μm in diameter, stellately dehisced at the centre, margin fimbriate; asci globose to ovate, octosporous,
20μm in diameter; ascospores conglobate, uniseptate, constricted at the septum, 12–17 ×
7μm, wall smooth. Pycnothyria orbicular, similar to thyriothecia; pycnothyriospores unicellular, pyriform, ovate, oblong 12–17 × 7–10 μm.
Material examined: TBGT 6691 (holotype),
27.ii.2013, on leaves of Argyreia sp. (Convolvulaceae), Vellamunda, Mananthavady, Wayanad, A. Sabeena et al.
Asterina argyreiae is known on Argyreia capitatafrom Java (Hansford 1954). Because of its peculiarity of the appressoria it has been placed under the genus Bheemamyces (Hosagoudar et
al. 2010). As such there is no Asterina species on the host genus Argyreia. Asterina mananthavadiensisdiffers from other Asterina species known on
the members of family Convolvulaceae in having
lateral and stellately lobate appressoria.
Etymology:Named after its collection locality.
Meliola ficigena sp. nov.
(Fig. 2; MycoBank # 805651)
Colonies epiphyllous, thin to subdense, up to
2mm in diameter, confluent. Hyphae substraight to undulating, branching opposite to unilateral
at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 15–25 x
5–7 µm. Appressoriaalternate, antrorse, closely antrorse,
sub antrorse to retrorse,
12–17 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate,
2–5 µm long; head cells ovate, globose, entire,
10–12 x 7–10 µm. Phialides mixed with appressoria,
opposite, ampulliform, 15–30 x 5–10
µm. Mycelialsetae scattered, simple, straight, acute to obtuse at
the tip, up to 800µm long. Perithecia scattered, up to 150µm in diameter; ascospores oblong to cylindrical, 4-septate, constricted at
the septa, 37–42 x 17–20 µm.
Materials examined: TBGT 6692 (holotype),
PBL 285 (isotype), 27.iii.2009, on leaves of Ficus sp. (Moraceae),Nilakal, Pathanamthitta, Gireesh Kumar.
Based on the globose head cells of the appressoria, this species can be compared with Meliola bangalorensis Hansf. & Thirum., collected from the Western Ghats region of Karnataka (Hansford & Thirumalachar1948; Hansford 1961). However, Meliola ficigena differs from it in having only entire
head cells in contrast to lobed ones, and further, phialidesare mixed with appressoria.
Etymology:Named after its host plant
Prillieuxina pavettae sp. nov.
(Fig. 3; MycoBank # 805652)
Colonies mostly epiphyllous
thin, up to 2mm in diam., confluent. Hyphae flexuous to crooked, branching irregular at acute to wide angles,
loosely reticulate, cells 12–25 x 5–7 μmlong. Appressoriaabsent. Thyriotheciascattered, orbicular, up to 150μm in diam., stellatelydehisced at the center, margin crenate; asci globose, octosporous, up to
25μm in diameter; ascospores oblong, conglobate,uniseptate, constricted at the septum, 15–25 x
7–10 μm, wall smooth. Pycnothyria few, similar to thyriothecia; pycnothyriospores ovate, 20–25 x 10–15 μm.
Anamorph: Asterostomula pavettae Hosag. & A. Sabeena,Mycosphere 2(5): 837, 2012.
Material examined: TBGT
6693 (holotype), PBL 286 (isotype),
03.i.2011, on the leaves of Pavetta tomentosa Roxb. ex Smith (Rubiaceae), Chozhiyakkode, Kollam, Hosagoudaret al.
We could locate the teleomorph of this fungus and has been accommodated in a
new species (Hosagoudar 2012).
Etymology: Named after its host plant.
References
Hansford, C.G. (1954). Some Microthyriales and other fungi from Indonesia. Reinwardtia3: 113−144.
Hansford, C.G. (1961). The Meliolaceae - A Monograph. Sydowia.Beih 2:
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Hansford,
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