Journal of Threatened
Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 June 2021 | 13(7): 18800–18808
ISSN
0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.5989.13.7.18800-18808
#5989
| Received 13 April 2020 | Final received 27 June 2020 | Finally accepted 10
June 2021
Aborichthys barapensis, a new species of river loach (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)
from Arunachal Pradesh, the eastern Himalaya, India
P. Nanda 1 & L. Tamang 2
1 Department of Zoology, Dera
Natung Govt College, Itanagar,
Arunachal Pradesh 791113, India.
2 Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi
University, Rono Hills, Doimukh,
Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, 791112, India.
1 nandapz71@gmail.com, 2 lakpatamang@rediffmail.com
(corresponding author)
ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:37F13A6D-EB10-4529-BF0C-A88A1F57D225
Editor: Anonymity requested. Date of
publication: 26 June 2021 (online & print)
Citation: Nanda, P. &
L. Tamang (2021). Aborichthys barapensis, a new species of river loach (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)
from Arunachal Pradesh, the eastern Himalaya, India. Journal of
Threatened Taxa 13(7): 18800–18808. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.5989.13.7.18800-18808
Copyright: © Nanda &
Tamang 2021. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use, reproduction, and distribution of this article in any medium
by providing adequate credit to the author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: The study was conducted
without the support of funding
agency.
Competing interests: The authors declare no
competing interests.
Author details: Prasanta Nanda is zoologist in Department of Zoology, Dera Natung Govt College, Itanagar. He is working in the area of fish biology of
eastern Himalaya. Lakpa Tamang is an amateur naturalist who is
interested in freshwater fish taxonomy and working as fish museum attendant in
the Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University Museum of Fishes (rgumf) based at Ronohills,
Doimukh, Itanagar,
Arunachal Pradesh.
Author contributions: Both authors have equally
contributed in designing, data recording and analysis, interpretation, drafting
of manuscripts, critical review and revisions.
Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Dr. N.T. Rikam, Principal, DNGC, Itanagar for providing laboratory facilities. We are also
thankful to Mr. Nali K. Rangsong
inhabitant of Lazu Village in helping in collection
of fish.
Abstract: A new species of nemachilid loach Aborichthys
barapensis, is described based on two adult
specimens (91 and 97 mm SL) from the Barap Stream (a
tributary of the Brahmaputra River basin) in the southeastern
most part of the state of Arunachal Pradesh bordering Myanmar. The new species
is distinguished from its congeners in having a narrow black basicaudal bar without a black ocellus on the upper end
(vs. present); and in having a very low dorsal and ventral adipose crests (vs.
prominent; absent in A. waikhomi). The new
species is further distinguished from its congeners by the following
combination of characters: body with 24–26 oblique bars along the flank;
interspace narrower than bars on body; moderately rounded caudal fin with five
distinct black to brown cross bars; vent closer to the caudal-fin base (44.1–45.1
% standard length) than to snout tip.
Keywords: Barap Stream, northeastern India, upper Brahmaputra River basin.
introduction
Members of the genus Aborichthys
belonging to family Nemacheilidae, is an elongate and
slender bodied bottom dwelling freshwater loach, that inhabits fast flowing
water of mountain rivers, streams, drainages of Ganga-Brahmaputra River, and is
endemic to the eastern Himalaya. They are characterized by having vent situated
close behind pectoral girdle, dorsal fin at vertical originated slightly behind
pelvic fin-origin; narrow oblique bars on body; a black ocellus at upper
extremity of caudal-fin base (but here absent), and rounded or truncate caudal
fin marked with concentric rings or irregular black patches, and all fins
considerably separated (Chaudhuri 1913; Kosygin 2019; Shangningam
2019). So far, nine species of Aborichthys are
recognized as valid, whose diversity is mostly confined to Brahmaputra River
basins in Arunachal Pradesh, northeastern India, and
its distribution extends to Bhutan and Putao in
Myanmar (Chaudhuri 1913, 1919; Hora 1925; Talwar & Jhingran
1991; Shangningam et al. 2019).
The first species Aborichthys boutanensis (Griffith & McClelland, 1842)
previously named Cobitis boutanensis known from the neighboring
country Bhutan, when the genus was not established. Later, Thoni
& Hart (2015) considered it to be a member of Aborichthys.
The genus was first erected by Chaudhuri (1913) assigning A. kempi as the type species collected by Mr. S.W. Kemp
from Sirpo and Egar stream
near Rottung and Renging
village, Arunachal Pradesh in the east and has since remained monotypic until
Hora (1921) described A. elongatus from the Riang
River (Brahmaputra Basin), Darjeeling (West Bengal) in the west. Thereafter,
Hora (1925) further contributed another
species Aborichthys garoensis from Tura, Garo Hills, Assam (now Meghalaya)
in the southwest, followed by Barman (1984) who added Aborichthys
tikaderi from Namdapha
Wildlife Sanctuary, Changlang District in the southeastern part of Arunachal Pradesh. Over the last one
decade, six more sympatric species have been described from the upper Brahmaputra
River basins in Arunachal Pradesh, viz., Aborichthys
waikhomi (Kosygin, 2012) from Bulbulia
Stream near Bulbulia, a tributary of Noa-Dihing River, Namdapha, Changlang District in the east; A. kailasi
and A. pangensis (Shangningam
et al., 2019) from Pange River, Ziro,
Lower Subansiri District in the west; and A. iphipaniensis (Kosygin et al., 2019) from Iphipani River, Roing, Lower Dibang Valley District in the east.
While conducting an ichthyological survey in Barap
River near Lazu Village in Tirap
District, southeastern most part of the Arunachal
Pradesh bordering Myanmar, we came across two adult specimens of Aborichthys. Later, examination revealed that it
belonged to an unnamed species of Aborichthys,
which is described herein.
Material and Methods
Sampling of fishes was done by using caste net with (2 m diameter and 7
mm meshes) in a small and shallow stream (depth ca. 10–30 cm), locally known as
‘Barap’ (26.898 N & 95.560 E, 1,020 m). The
collected specimens were freshly preserved in 10 % formaldehyde in the
beginning to hold body coloration, and then transferred to 70 % ethanol after
noting down its color. Measurement was made point to point with
digital caliper nearest to 0.1 mm. Counts and measurements were made on the left
side of specimens following Keskar et al. (2015)
except self-explanatory characters, i.e., distances from: dorsal to caudal
base, pectoral to pelvic, pectoral to anal, pectoral to vent, pelvic to anal,
pelvic to vent, vent to anal, vent to caudal-fin base, anal to caudal base,
anal-fin tip to caudal-fin base, vent to anal distance, vent to pelvic
distance, mouth length, mouth width, length of medial, lateral and maxillary barbels, caudal peduncle length/caudal peduncle depth, and
mouth length/mouth width. Mouth width was measured from posterior extremity of
one corner to another and length medially from anterior margin of upper lip to
level of posterior margin of lower lip.
Subunits of head are expressed as proportions of lateral head length.
Fin rays, cephalic lateralis system, and lateral line pores were counted under
a stereo-zoom transmitted light microscope (Magnus MS 24) following Kottelat (1990) except an additional: nasal pores (close to
nare), antero-nasal pores (scattered pores in front
of nares), pre-nasal pores (two pores situated each side between nare and outer rostral barbel
base), supramaxillary pores (running along base of
outer rostral barbel to posterior margin of cheek;
Figure 1b). Lateral line sensory pores of three patterns – single, double
(closely set), or triple (triangular and closely set), counted each pore as one
(Figure 2). Three forms of oblique bars along flank (regular, bifurcated or
fused). Bifurcated bars – those single bars bifurcate at the top along the dorso-lateral margin of the body, and counted as one; fused
bars – those paired bars fused or joined at the top along dorso-lateral
margin of the body, and counted as two. Asterisk mark (*) after a value
indicates holotype.
The holotype and paratype are deposited in Estuarine Biology Research
Centre (EBRC), ZSI, Gopalpur, India and Dera Natung Government College
(DNGC) Itanagar, respectively for future reference.
Results
Aborichthys barapensis sp. nov.
(Images 1,3; Figures 1,2)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:73848D57-812B-4DC9-BDF2-0F3D847A7DD6
Type material
Holotype: EBRC/ZSI/F-12608, 08.iii.2020, 97mm SL, from small diverted
course of Barap Stream (Brahmaputra River basin) near
Lazu Village, Arunachal Pradesh, 26.898758 N &
95.560656E, 1,020 m, coll. P. Nanda & Nali Kholia Rangsong.
Paratypes: DNGC F–02, 1 specimen, 91 mm SL, same information as in
holotype.
Diagnosis
The new species is diagnosed from its congeners in having a narrow black
basicaudal bar without a black ocellus on the upper
end (vs. present); and in having a very low dorsal and ventral adipose crests
(vs. prominent; absent in A. waikhomi). The
new species is further distinguished from its congeners by the following
combination of characters: body with
24–26 oblique bars along the flank; interspace mostly narrower than bars on
body; moderately rounded caudal fin with five distinct black to brown cross
bars; vent closer to the caudal-fin base (44.1–45.1 % SL) than to snout tip.
Description
For general appearance see Image 1. Morphometric data are presented in
Table 1. Body elongate and slender, body between pectoral fin and posterior tip
of dorsal fin cylindrical in cross section and thereafter compressed
posteriorly. Body deepest at dorsal-fin origin, depth equal its width. Dorsal
profile evenly rising from snout tip to occiput, then horizontal up to point at
vertical through tip of anal fin, there after very gently radiating away, due
to very low and short dorsal adipose crest, confluent with caudal fin. Ventral
profile almost horizontal to anal-fin origin, then gently rising up to its
posterior end, thereafter very gently radiating away due to ventral adipose
crest, confluent with caudal fin, ventral adipose crest much lower than dorsal,
adipose crests much lower in paratype (Image 1a, 2).
Head triangular when viewed dorsally and depressed, longer than caudal
fin, width greater than height, length 5.1*–5.2 times its standard length,
but almost equal to pectoral and pelvic
fin length, and depth almost equal to length of dorsal-fin base, lateral head
length longer than dorsal, dorsal profile evenly slope, and ventral
flattened. Snout obtusely pointed in
dorsal view. Eyes moderate (11.2–12.4 % HL), dorsally situated, closer to tip
of snout than to posterior extremity of opercle, not
visible from ventral, 2.1*–2.8 times smaller than inter-orbital space. Nostril
closer to eye than to tip of snout, nares separated by triangular membrane flap
dividing it into two parts; anterior nare tubular,
attached with membrane flap, membrane flap raised up and slightly twisted postero-laterally, and posterior nare
roughly triangular. Three pairs of barbels; one pair
maxillary and two pairs of rostral, longer than eye, medial and maxillary barbel almost equal, lateral barbel
slightly longer. Medial rostral barbel extending
anterior margin of knob on lower lip in holotype, whereas reaching posterior
margin of knob in paratype, adpressed lateral rostral
barbel reaching or closer to maxillary barbel base, maxillary barbel at
vertical almost reaching to posterior margin of orbit. Mouth inferior and
widely arched, 2.7–2.9* times wider than long. Lips soft, thick, fleshy &
pleated, continuous all around with a deep furrow behind, upper lip broader
than lower, with a small incision in the middle. Lower lip with two large
roughly triangular pads or knobs separated by extremely narrow median
interruption. Processus dentiformis
prominent, situated in the middle on upper jaw, its anterior margin arched
(Image 3b).
Dorsal fin with two simple and 7½ branched rays, situated at vertical
almost in between pectoral-fin and anal-fin origins, at vertical slightly
posterior to pelvic-fin origin, slightly closer to snout tip than to caudal-fin
base, tip of last ray at vertical exceed to anal-fin tip, anterior margins
slightly arched towards tip and distal arched, second or third branched ray the
longest, length of dorsal and anal fins almost equal. Pectoral fin broadly
leaf-shaped, tip obtusely rounded, with one simple, 11 branched rays, fourth or
fifth branched ray the longest, anterior margin slightly convex, distal
obtusely rounded and tip extending to middle of pectoral- and pelvic-fin
origins. Ventral surface of first and second branched ray plain padded. Pelvic
fin shape similar to pectoral fin, with 1 simple and 6* or 7 branched rays,
surpassing considerably beyond vent, situated at vertical slightly anterior to
dorsal-fin origin, inserted almost middle of pectoral- and anal-fin origins. A
small prominent and fleshy axillary pelvic-fin lobe present. Anal-fin with 2*–3
simple and 5½ branched rays, anterior margin slightly convex and posterior
straight. Caudal fin rounded and deepest at posterior end, with first one
unbranched ray, 17 branched rays and last one unbranched ray, distal margin
moderately arched. Caudal peduncle length 1.6 times its depth. Caudal peduncle
equal prepectoral length. Vent situated very closer
to pelvic-fin origin (32.6–34.8 % of pelvic to anal-fin origin) than anal-fin
origin (65.2–68.3 % of pelvic to anal-fin origin).
Body embedded with minute cycloid scales, more deeply embedded along
abdominal mid region that extend up to posterior half of pectoral fin bases. No
scales on dorsal and ventral surface of head. Lateral line complete, with
92*–95 pores, arranged in three patterns as single, double or triple (Figure
2). Pores aligned before pectoral fin origin slightly bulgy, prominent and
closely set, causing distinct lateral line, pores beyond pectoral-fin origin
very small, not bulgy, distantly placed and indistinct, causing poor lateral
line which mostly consist of double and triple pores. Cephalic lateralis system
comprises of 7+6+6* or 9+6+7 preoperculo-mandibular,
8* or 9 subopercular, 13*–14 suprapremaxillary,
10+12* or 9+12 infraorbital, 3+3* supraorbital, 5 temporal, 5 supratemporal,
11* or 10 nasal, 5* or 7 antero-nasal, and 2 pre-nasal (Figure 1).
Color in preservative
In live, body and head background dusky white with dark brown saddles,
spots, irregular marks on body and head. Ventral and lateral region of head
mottled with minute brown spots, over all seems brown patch. Cheek, isthmus,
chest creamy and beyond up to level of anus dirty white. Dorsum of head darker
than body in holotype (Image 3a). Three
forms of oblique bars on flank– regular, bifurcate or fuse. Flanks with 24*–26
(6 pairs fused, 11*–13 regular, 1 bifurcate) dark brown oblique bars directed
backwards, fused bars mostly appear on anterior part of body and one almost
below middle of dorsal-fin base; regular and bifurcate bars mostly occur beyond
dorsal fin; bars mostly broader than interspace. All fins background
semi-transparent. Dorsal fin with 5*–6 rows of brown spots existing on each
radial and one dark brown ocellus at its origin. Pectoral fin with 4–5 rows of
brown spots, distinctiveness decreasing posteriorly. Pelvic fin with 3 rows of
indistinct brown spots, and anal fin with few brown spots on distal half.
Holotype: Caudal fin intense pinkish with five prominent black cross bars,
first bar, broadest and moderately arched, situated at subdistal margin, second
and third bars widely stretched W-shaped and complete, former slightly broader
than later, fourth and fifth bar incomplete extending up to middle, almost of
equal width, some part visible on lower edge after interruption, size of
interspaces between bars decreasing towards caudal base, interspace between
first and second bars broadest which appears to be caterpillar like (Image 1a).
Paratype: Caudal fin light pinkish with five dark brown cross bars, first two
outer bars distinct and moderately arched but proximal three bars indistinct,
feebly arched and irregular without W-shaped pattern (Image 2).
In 70 % ethanol, body and head background grayish-dusky
white. Bars, saddles, spots, irregular marks on body and head dark grayish-brown. All fins grayish
and semi-transparent, proximal dorsal surface dusky. Caudal fin light pinkish
(disappearing) with five dark grayish-brown cross
bars in holotype, whereas pinkish color disappeared
with five grayish-brown cross bars in paratype. Proximal
region of caudal fin more grayish in paratype than
holotype.
Remarks: Live holotype exhibits prominent black cross bars on caudal fin
with deep pinkish background, whereas dark brown, light pink, and irregular
proximal bars in paratype (may be former male and later female).
Comparison. Aborichthys barapensis is easily distinguished from all its congeners
in lacking a black ocellus on the upper end of the basicaudal
bar (vs. present). It can be further differentiated from A. kempi, A. tikaderi, A.
elongatus, A. garoensis, A. iphipaniensis, A. kailashi,
A. waikhomi and A. pangensis
by the presence of five cross bars on caudal fin (vs. usually two concentric
bars in A. kempi, A. tikaderi,
A. elongatus, A. garoensis, A. iphipaniensis and A. kailashi;
cluster of spots in A. pangensis; irregular
black blotches in A. waikhomi). Moreover,
distal margin of the caudal fin moderately rounded (vs. almost circularly
rounded in A. elongatus and A. tikaderi;
U-shaped in A. garoensis; truncate in A. waikhomi and A. pangensis;
and obliquely rounded in A. kempi, A. iphipaniensis, and A. kailashi
(compare Image 1a with Kosygin 2012; Figure 4a,b,c,e,f for A. elongatus, A. tikaderi, A. garoensis,
A. waikhomi and A. kempi; Kosygin et al., 2019; Figure 1b for A. iphipaniensis; Shangningam et
al., 2019; Figure 1 for A. kailashi). Further,
from A. boutanensis, A. kempi, A. elongatus, A. garoensis,
A. tikaderi, A. waikhomi,
A. iphipaniensis, A. kailashi,
and A. pangensis in having very low and
short (vs. prominent) dorsal and ventral adipose crests, but absent in A. waikhomi.
The genus Aborichthys exhibits three
different positions of vent (Hora 1925): (1) closer to snout tip than to
caudal-fin base (Kosygin et al. 2019: A. garoensis,
A. tikaderi, A. iphipaniensis),
(2) closer to caudal-fin base than to tip of snout (Kosygin et al. 2019;
Chaudhuri 1913; Shangningam et al. 2019: A. boutanensis, A. elongatus, A. waikhomi;
A. kempi, A. kailashi,
and A. pangensis), (3) almost in the
middle between snout tip and caudal-fin base, which is used as generic
character to differentiate other nemacheilid genera
and among species as well (Kottelat 1990). As per the recent study (Kosygin et al.
2019), the third condition is not fulfilled to any Aborichthys
species. Aborichthys barapensis
belongs to the above second condition and hence, can be further distinguished
from A garoensis, A. tikaderi,
A. iphipaniensis by having the vent closer to
caudal-fin base than to snout tip (vs. closer to snout tip than to caudal-fin
base); furthermore, it can be differentiated from A. garoensis, A. iphipaniensis,
A. kailashi, and A. pangensis
by having a fewer oblique bars on flank (24–26 vs. 28–29 in A. garoensis; 33–35 in A. iphipaniensis;
28–36 in A. kailashi, and 34–38 in A. pangensis) and from A. elongatus, A. kempi, A. tidakeri,
and A. waikhomi by having more oblique bars on
flank (24–26 vs. 17–22 in A. elongatus; 18–19 in A kempi; 16–20 in A. tikaderi;
and 12–16 in A. waikhomi). It is further
distinguished from A. iphipaniensis, A. garoensis, A. kempi,
and A. waikhomi in having oblique bars mostly
broader than interspace (vs. narrower) along body.
Aborichthys barapensis can be further differentiated from A. boutanensis
in having shorter pre-anus length (53.7–53.8 % SL vs. 70.9), longer predorsal length (47.7–48.2 % SL vs. 45.7), shallow caudal
peduncle (11.0–11.4 % SL vs. 12.3) and shorter caudal peduncle (17.5–18.0 % SL
vs. 19) and from A. iphipaniensis by having a
higher body (12.7–13.4 % SL vs. 8.9–9.9); a longer predorsal
(47.7–48.2 % SL vs. 42.4−44.4), prepelvic (46.0–46.4
% SL vs. 39.4−42.0), and pelvic fin (14.4–15.4 % SL vs. 10.3−12.7); and a
shorter distance between vent and anal-fin origin (19.5–20.9 % SL vs.
24.1−27.5).
Distribution and habitat
The new species were collected from the Barap
Stream in shallow water (ca 10–30 cm depth) near Lazu
Village in the southeastern part of Arunachal Pradesh
(Figure 3). The substrate comprises mostly medium-sized boulders, and mixture
of pebbles, cobbles, small stones and large boulders somewhere of light to dark
grayish colors (Image 4).
The water in the stream was cool, clear and moderately flowing due to
considerable decrease in water volume in dry season. Riparian vegetation
comprises grasses, shrubs and small to medium sized trees along the banks and
larger trees uphill. The Barap Stream originates from
the hills and deep forest near Raho Village, about 10
km from Lazu Village towards south and flows downward
and forms Tirap River in the lower reach, further
moves towards north and north-east through Changlang
Town and meet with Noa-dihing River, which eventually
confluences with Brahmaputra River in the state of Assam towards the west.
Other associated fish collected belongs to genus Schizothorax
richardsonii, Garra
sp., Amblyceps sp., Psilorhynchus balitora, Devario aequipinnatus,
and Exostoma labiatum.
Etymology
The specific name is derived from the name of the river Barap from where the present new species was obtained.
Discussion
The description of the new species based on two specimens, indeed is
challenging in the field of taxonomy.
The present new species, however, is set forth for description is based
chiefly on an important generic character of Aborichthys,
i.e., the absence of a black ocellus on the upper end of the basicaudal bar, whereas it’s present in all congeners.
Apart from this, following secondary additional significant external characters
also support in being distinct from its congeners, i.e., the presence of very low dorsal and ventral adipose crests on
caudal peduncle except A. waikhomi and
considerably to some extent, head and body in preservative being more grayish dusky white causing respective bars, saddles, spots
or irregular marks on the body and head indistinct, whereas usually exhibit
creamy to yellowish light background that gives distinctiveness in rest of the
congeners, the caudal fin moderately arched with a slight oblique distal
margin. Moreover, from the geographically point of view, the type locality of
the new species is situated southeastern most part of
the state, bordering Myanmar, where no any species of Aborichthys
have so far been reported. As far as cephalic lateralis system is concerned,
the presence of nasal, antero-nasal, pre-nasal, triple rows of preoperculo-mandibular, and three patterns of lateral line
sensory pores (single, double and triple) deserve an additional information,
may be used as an essential comparative characters in future course of study?
Besides, the present study also exposed and well-defined the reason hidden
behind the occurrence of distinct or indistinct lateral line. Close observation
showed that little bit elevated and closely set sensory pores reflects distinct
lateral line that can be seen by naked eye, restricted just before the
pelvic-fin origin, whereas small and distantly placed pores fail to show
lateral line up to the base of caudal fin.
A perusal of literature revealed that there are two more names Aborichthys cataracta and
A. verticauda published in a predatory journal
(Raghavan et al. 2014) which is against the policy of JoTT
(Raghavan et al. 2015). Hence, these two species have not been taken into
consideration.
Comparative material
Aborichthus waikhomi, V/APRC/ZSI/P-519, 05.xi.2009, paratypes, 3 specimens, 61.0–66.5 mm SL,
a stream of Noa-Dihing River near Hornbill camp, Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh, India, Coll. J.K. De &
party.
A. iphipaniensis, ZSI/V/APRC/P-1659, 4.iv.2016, paratypes, 3 specimens, 107.5–120.8 mm
SL, Iphipani River at Roing,
Lower Dibang Valley, Brahmaputra River basin,
Arunachal Pradesh, India, coll. S. Devi and party.
Data for A. boutanensis, A. kempi, A. elongatus, A. tikaderi,
A. garoensis; A. kailashi
and A. pangensis accessed from Chaudhuri 1913;
Shangningam et al. 2019; Thoni
& Hart 2015.
Table 1. Biometric data of Aborichthys
barapensis sp. nov.
|
|
Holotype |
Paratype |
|
Standard length (mm) |
97 |
91 |
|
% Standard Length |
|
|
|
Head length |
19.1 |
19.7 |
|
Head width |
14.4 |
14.1 |
|
Dorsal head length |
16.0 |
16.5 |
|
Head depth at nape |
10.2 |
9.7 |
|
Body depth at dorsal-fin origin |
13.4 |
12.7 |
|
Body width at dorsal-fin origin |
12.2 |
11.6 |
|
Predorsal length |
47.7 |
48.2 |
|
Pre-pectoral length |
18.0 |
18.1 |
|
Pre-pelvic length |
46.4 |
46.0 |
|
Pre-anal length |
76.3 |
77.0 |
|
Pre-anus length |
53.7 |
53.8 |
|
Pectoral-fin length |
14.4 |
14.4 |
|
Pectoral-fin base length |
5.2 |
4.4 |
|
Dorsal-fin length |
13.5 |
15.4 |
|
Dorsal-fin base length |
9.8 |
9.3 |
|
Pelvic-fin length |
14.4 |
15.4 |
|
Pelvic-fin base length |
3.6 |
3.4 |
|
Anal-fin length |
13.6 |
13.3 |
|
Anal-fin base length |
6.4 |
6.1 |
|
Caudal-fin length |
17.0 |
17.7 |
|
Caudal peduncle length |
18.0 |
17.5 |
|
Caudal peduncle depth |
11.4 |
11.0 |
|
Distances from: |
|
|
|
Dorsal to caudal base |
52.8 |
51.9 |
|
Pectoral to pelvic |
30.4 |
28.9 |
|
Pectoral to anal |
59.7 |
59.7 |
|
Pectoral to vent |
40.7 |
38.7 |
|
Pelvic to anal |
29.9 |
30.5 |
|
Pelvic to vent |
10.4 |
9.9 |
|
Vent to anal |
19.5 |
20.9 |
|
Vent to caudal-fin base |
44.1 |
45.1 |
|
Anal to caudal base |
25.8 |
24.5 |
|
Anal fin tip to caudal-fin base |
11.3 |
10.8 |
|
% of Pelvic to anal fin origin |
|
|
|
Vent to anal distance |
65.2 |
68.3 |
|
vent to pelvic distance |
34.8 |
32.6 |
|
% of head length |
|
|
|
Head depth |
44.7 |
53.5 |
|
Head width |
71.5 |
75.7 |
|
Snout length |
41.9 |
44.9 |
|
Eye diameter |
11.2 |
12.4 |
|
Inter-orbital width |
26.5 |
30.7 |
|
Mouth width |
50.3 |
44.7 |
|
Mouth length |
17.3 |
16.8 |
|
Inner rostral barbel length |
17.8 |
21.8 |
|
Outer rostral barbel length |
21.6 |
22.3 |
|
Maxillary barbel length |
17.3 |
21.2 |
|
Ratio |
|
|
|
Caudal peduncle length/ caudal peduncle depth |
1.6 |
1.6 |
|
Mouth width/mouth length |
2.9 |
2.7 |
For
figures & images - - click here
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