Journal of Threatened Taxa |
www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 May 2020 | 12(8): 15922–15926
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893
(Print)
doi: https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.4653.12.8.15922-15926
#4653 | Received 25 October 2018 | Final
received 18 January 2020 | Finally accepted 01 May 2020
A first record of Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890 (Odonata: Libellulidae)
from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Arajush Payra
1 , K.A. Subramanian 2, Kailash Chandra 3 & Basudev Tripathy 4
1,3,4 Zoological Survey of India, M
Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700053 India
2Zoological Survey of India,
Southern Regional Centre, 130, Santhome High Road,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600028, India
1arajushpayra@gmail.com
(corresponding author), 2subbuka.zsi@gmail.com, 3kailash611@rediffmail.com,
4tripathyb@gmail.com
Editor: Albert G. Orr, Griffith
University, Nathan, Australia. Date of publication:
26 May 2020 (online & print)
Citation: Payra, A., K.A.
Subramanian, K. Chandra & B. Tripathy (2020). A first record of Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890 (Odonata: Libellulidae)
from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Journal of
Threatened Taxa 12(8):
15922–15926. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.4653.12.8.15922-15926
Copyright: © Payra et al. 2020. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and
distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the
author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: National Mission on Himalayan
Studies (NMHS) Large Grant Project “Biodiversity assessment through long term monitoring plots
in the
Indian Himalayan landscape” (Grant No-NMHS/LG-2016/0011/8509-8 dated
31.iii.2016) funded by Government of India.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: The authors are thankful to the director, Zoological
Survey of India, Kolkata for providing necessary facilities and
encouragements. This study is a part of
NMHS Large Grant Project “Biodiversity assessment through long term monitoring
plots in the Indian Himalayan landscape” (Grant No- NMHS/LG-2016/0011/8509-8
dated 31.iii.2016) funded by Government of India. The authors express their sincere gratitude
to The PCCF (WL & BD) & CWLW, Government of Arunachal Pradesh for the
permission (CWL/Gen/13(95)2011-2012/Pt.V/1610-1613)
and necessary facilities. The authors
are thankful to Mr. Tajum Yumcha,
research officer, Mr. Atum Rumdo, and all the staff of Namdapha
Tiger Reserve for their continuous support and guidance during the
fieldwork. The authors are also thankful
to all the research associates and research fellows of the projects
“Biodiversity assessment through long term monitoring plots in the Indian
Himalayan landscape” and “Lepidoptera (Insecta) as
potential indicator-taxa for tracking climate change in the Indian Himalayan
landscape” for their support.
Abstract: The large forest dwelling libellulid dragonfly Camacinia
harterti Karsch, 1890
is recorded from Arunachal Pradesh and India for the first time in 115
years. The present record is based on a
single male specimen collected from Namdapha Tiger
Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India. We
provide detailed diagnostic characters in photographs and information on the
global distribution of the species.
Keyword: Eastern Himalaya, Namdapha Tiger Reserve, new record, northeastern India,
Odonata.
The genus Camacinia
Kirby, 1889 (Libellulidae) includes three known
species globally, viz.: Camacinia gigantea Brauer, 1867, Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890, and Camacinia
othello Tillyard, 1908
(Schorr & Paulson 2019). Species of Camacinia are found from southeastern
Asia to the Solomon Islands, northern Australia, and New Guinea. Among the three species, C. othello occurs in New Guinea, Aru Islands, Solomon
Islands, and northern Australia (Kalkman 2009). C. gigantea
is widely distributed, ranging from India to Vietnam and southwards to New
Guinea (Sharma 2010) and C. harterti is recorded
from southern China, Sumatra, peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and Thailand (Wilson
& Dow 2013). Until recently Camacinia was considered to be represented by one
species In India, C. gigantea (Fraser 1936;
Subramanian & Babu 2017), however, Wilson (2018),
synonymized C. harmandi Martin, 1900 with C.
harterti, as proposed by Ris
(1913), thus adding Martin’s (1900) record from Sikkim to the historical
distributional range of C. harterti.
Here, we report for the first time the occurrence of C.
harterti Karsch, 1890
from Arunachal Pradesh in northeastern India, based on a single male
specimen. We also provide updated global
distribution of the species and detailed additional description of the specimen
along with photographs.
Materials and Methods
A single male specimen was collected from Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh. Field photographs of the individual were
taken using a Nikon P900 camera. The
geo-coordinates of the collection locality was recorded using a Garmin (E-trex 30) GPS. The
length of the different parts of the specimen was measured by using a digital vernier calliper. Photos of anal appendages and secondary
genitalia of the collected specimen were taken using a Leica S8APO with MH120
HD camera. The specimen is deposited in
the National Zoological Collection of the Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata.
Results
Camacinia harterti Karsch, 1890 (Image 1 A–F)
Material examined
ZSI 7806/H13, 1 male, Loc. Near Deban,
Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Changlang
District, Arunachal Pradesh, India (27.493°N & 96.376°E, 410m), 23.vi.2017,
coll. Arajush Payra & Atum Rumdo.
Detailed description of male and measurements
Length (in mm): abdomen + anal appendages – 41;
forewing – 49.8; hindwing – 48.5.
Head: dorsal side of eyes encircled with maroon and
rest of the eyes brownish to pale blue with small black blotches. Oceili white;
vertex coppery; frons and post clypeus orange fading to yellow. Anteclypeus
yellowish to brown, with a narrow horizontal yellow line above. Labrum orange; labium matt yellow.
Thorax: area of humeral suture broadly brownish; mesepisternum to metepimeron
orange to matt yellow.
Legs: coxae and trochanter brownish-orange in all
legs. Posterior of femora in first pair
coppery and remaining segments are black.
Wing: hyaline; pterostigma black, covering 2.5
cells. Nodal index in forewing:
14–17/16–13; hindwing: 17–13/ 12–16. One
cubital nerve in forewing and two in hind wing.
The discoidal cell of fore wing three-celled and in hind wing
two-celled. Single row of cell between
IR3 and Rspl.
The base of forewing was tinted with dark brown to golden yellow. Subcostal space and cubital space with
blackish-brown streaks. The base of
hindwing was dark brown to golden yellow.
Area of subcostal space, cubital space, up to discoidal cell tinted with
dark brown to black. Posterior to
cubital space, discoidal cell, area of tornus and anal loop tinted with golden
yellow.
Abdomen: S1 to S3 light yellow; S4 light orange above
and yellowish bellow; S5 to S9 bright red; S10 brownish to black with an orange
patch on dorsum. Epiprocts
dark brown, as long as S9; paraprocts orange as seen
in dorsal view, more than half the length of epiprocts. Anterior lamina of secondary genitalia black
to brown; orange rounded hamule lobe with blackish apex. Genital lobe orange with hairy apical part
black.
Observation and Habitat
On 23 June 2017, during our visit to Deban (Namdapha Tiger Reserve), a
single male individual was sighted along the road (Figure 1) about 70m distant
from a nearby stream (Noa-Dihing River). It was perched on the tip of a tree branch
about 1.5m above the ground. During our
first attempt at capture, it flew upwards and away. After 20–30 seconds of flight, it returned to
the same perch. The place where the
individual was observed was a tropical wet evergreen forest with significant
canopy cover (Champion & Seth 1968) (Image 2 A–B).
Discussion
C. harterti was described from Sumatra based on a female
collected from Batu Sankahan
in Deli Serdang District by Karsch (1890). A female was observed ovipositing
a phytotelm in the base of a tree root by Raymond Straatman at Balimbingan, Deli in
northeastern Sumatra (Lieftinck 1954). In Borneo, this species was recorded by Ris (1913) and Orr (2001).
Ris (1913) also reported it from Selangor in
peninsular Malaysia. In northern
Thailand, C. harterti was reported by Katatani et al. (2004).
In Vietnam, several individuals were reported mainly from northern
Vietnam by Do (2014); Tom (2015) and (Tom 2018) between 2014 and 2018. In China
the species was reported by Wilson & Dow (2013) and recently by Zhang
(2017) (See Table 1 for global distributional records of C. harterti).
In India C. harterti
was first listed by Fraser (1920) from Sikkim and Bengal, but, later in “The
Fauna of British India” series Fraser (1936) excluded C. harteri
from Indian fauna and stated that the record of C. harterti
from Sikkim was erroneous. Therefore, C.
harteri has not generally been included in Indian
fauna (Mitra 2004; Subramanian & Babu 2017); however, Wilson (2018), after reviewing all the
published literature pertaining to the records of C. harterti,
validated the synonymy of C. harmandi with C.
harterti as proposed by Ris
(1913), and added both Martin’s (1900, 1904) records from Sikkim, India and
Tonkin, northern Vietnam to the historical distributional range of C. harterti. Wilson
(2018) also stated that, the record of C. harterti
by Fraser (1920) from Bengal may be accurate as the northern limits of Bengal
are continuous with Sikkim. But due to
the lack of evidence regarding the details of involved specimens, Wilson (2018)
excluded Bengal, from the historical range of C. harteri;
however, the recent record of a female C. harterti
from Buxa Tiger Reserve of West Bengal on 31 March
2018 by Dattaprasad Sawant (Anonymous 2019) supports
Fraser’s (1920) record from Bengal (see Table 1 for global distributional
records of C. harterti).
Our present record of C. harterti
from Namdapha Tiger Reserve of Arunachal Pradesh,
India represents its third known locality in the country. The present record also provides new data
vital to update the threat status of the species, as the species is currently
treated as rare and insufficiently known (Wilson & Dow 2013; Wilson
2018). This discovery also points to the
fact that northeastern India is still underexplored with respect to Odonata
fauna and extensive surveys are required to document the rich biodiversity of
the region.
Table 1. Distribution records of Camacinia
harterti in southern and southeastern
Asian countries.
|
Country |
Localities |
Number of Individuals collected/observed, Sex/life
stage and date of collection/observation |
Reference |
|
India |
Sikkim |
One male |
Martin (1900) |
|
Buxa tiger Reserve, West Bengal |
One female (31.iii.2018) |
Anonymous (2019) |
|
|
Namdapha Tiger Reseve, Arunachal
Pradesh |
One male (23.vi.2017) |
Present study |
|
|
Indonesia |
Batu Sankahan of Deliserdang District, Sumatra |
One female |
Karsch (1889) |
|
Balimbingan, Deli of northeastern
Sumatra |
One female |
Lieftinck (1954) |
|
|
Brunei |
Lake Merinbum, Brunei
Darussalam |
One female during the 1990s |
Orr (2001) |
|
China |
Henglongbei, Nanling
National Forest Park, northern Guangdong
|
One male (28.vi.2000) |
Wilson & Dow (2013) |
|
Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, Yunnan
Province |
One male (May 2016) |
Zhang (2017) |
|
|
Vietnam |
Tonkin, northern Vietnam |
|
Martin (1904) |
|
Tam Dao National Park, Vinh Phuc
Province |
One male (14.iv.2009); one male (01.vi.2016) |
Do (2014); Kompier (2018) |
|
|
Xuan Son National Park, Phu
Tho Province |
One male (31.v.2014) |
Kompier (2015) |
|
|
Phu Tho Province |
Two adults (08.vi.2018); one adult (27.v.2017); one
adult (31.vii.2017); one male (29. v.2016); two adults (30.v.2015); one male
(18.iv.2015); one male (31.v.2014) |
Kompier (2018) |
|
|
|
Quang Binh Province |
One male (15.v.2017); two adults (20.v.2016); one
adult (30.iv.2016) |
Kompier (2018) |
|
Yen Bai Province |
One adult (10.vi.2018) |
Kompier (2018) |
|
|
Cao Bang Province |
One male (03.vi.2016) |
Kompier (2018) |
|
|
Thailand |
Chiang Rai |
One male individual in 2003 and one male in 2004 |
Katatani et al. (2004) |
|
Malaysia |
Selangor of peninsular Malaysia |
One male |
Ris (1913) |
|
Mt. Marapok in Sabah, near
the Sarawak border, Borneo |
One male and one female |
Ris (1913) |
For figure & images - - click here
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