Three new species of gall midge (Diptera:Cecidomyiidae) from Maharashtra, India
S.S.Bhalerao 1, T.H. Shaikh2 & V.D. Deshpande 3
1 Department
of Zoology, Bahirji SmarakCollege, Basmatnagar, Hingoli,
Maharashtra 431215, India
2 Shahu College, Bhokar, Nanded, Maharashtra
431801, India
3 Post Graduate Department of Zoology,
N.E.S. Science College, Nanded, Maharashtra 431605,
India
Date of
publication 26 April 2009
ISSN 0974-7907
(online) | 0974-7893 (print)
Editor: R.M. Sharma
Manuscript
details:
Ms # o1573
Received 01 June
2006
Final revised
received 20 November 2008
Finally accepted
23 January 2009
Citation: Bhalerao, S.S., T.H. Shaikh &
V.D. Deshpande (2009). Three new species of gall
midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
from Maharashtra, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa1(4): 226-229.
Copyright: © S.S. Bhalerao, T.H. Shaikh & V.D. Deshpande 2009. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes,
reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and
the source of publication.
Author Details: S.S.Bhaleraopresently works on a minor project “Study of Gall and Gall Midge from Nanded District, Maharashtra”. He works as Head, Department of Zoology and
his special interest is entomology.
T.H.Shaikh presently works as a lecturer in
Biology and is interested in entomology.
V.D. Deshpande was Head, P.G.
Department of Zoology and is currently involved in entomology.
Author
Contribution: All
three authors have contributed equally to the study of gall midges and in
writing this paper.
Acknowledgements:The
authors are thankful to Head, P.G. Department of Zoology and Principal, Science
College, Nanded for providing laboratory facilities.
Abstract: Three new species of gall midge,
namely Anarete bharatisp. nov., A. basmatensis sp. nov., and A.longipalpi sp. nov.,
are described from Maharashtra, India. These three new species can be easily recognized by the presence of: i) the subdorsal plate being
incised apically, ii) the terminal lamella of the ovipositor being elongated
oval, and iii) the terminal lamella of the ovipositor being oval in shape. A
key to the Indian species of the genus is provided.
Keywords:Anarete, Cecidomyiidae, Diptera, Lestremiinae, new species
Abbreviations:Cu - cubitus; M1+2 - Medius 1+2; M1 - Medius 1; M3+4 -Medius 3+4; M2 - Medius 2;
R5 - Radius 5.
Introduction
The genus Anarete was erected by Haliday(1833). Salient features of this genus
are flagellar antennal segments without distinct
stems and crenulate whorls, segments with roots
extending anteriorly, Pedicel in male strongly
enlarged. The genus is known by three Indian species viz. i) A. manii Rao; ii) A. allahabadensis Grover;
iii) and A. sitapurensis Grover, Gagné (2004). The
types are deposited presently with P.G. Department of Zoology, Science College,Nanded, Maharashtra, India.
Anarete bharati sp. nov.
(Figs. 1-7)
Material
examined
Holotype: Male,
21.ix.1998, dissected and mounted on slide, labeled on wing, Botanical Garden,
Science College Campus, Nanded, Maharashtra, India,
coll. S.S. Bhalerao (An-1).
Paratype: 1 male, data
same as holotype, dissected and mounted on slide
(An-1a).
Etymology
The specific
epithet bharati refers to the country
of occurrence, Bharat i.e. India.
Diagnostic features
Male: Body 1.00mm
long.
Head: Eye bridge four
facets wide, ocelli two, trophinormal.
Palpus: (Fig.5) Quadriarticulate, long, sparsely setose;
first segment (3:2), shortest of all, globose; second
segment (6:3) cylindrical, 2 x as long as thick; third segment (7:2),
cylindrical, longer and thinner than the second, length 3.50 x its maximum
thickness; fourth segment (13:2), cylindrical, longest of all, nearly 7 x as
long as thick.
Antenna: 0.7mm long,
shorter than body, with 2+7 segments, flagellarsegments globose, sparsely hairy, becoming thinner
towards apex; scape (Fig. 4a) (2:4), cup shaped;
pedicel (Fig. 4b) (7:9), greatly enlarged; third segment (Fig. 6a) (5:6) not
confluent with fourth, globose, thicker than long;
fourth segment (Fig. 6b) (4:5), globose, shorter than
third; fifth segment (Fig. 6c) (4:5), shorter than third; penultimate segment
(Fig. 7) (5:3) nearly 1.7 x as long as broad or circular; terminal segment
(Fig. 7) (9.4), longest of all, cylindrical, nearly 2 as long as thick;
Thorax: Scutum dark brown.
Wing: (Fig. 2)
(33:14), hyaline, 2.3 x as long as broad, microtrichaespread all over wing, vein R5 interrupting and joining costa beyond middle of wing, veins M1 and M2
longer than vein M1+2, M3+4 distinct, vein Cu simple,
curved.
Legs: Dark brown,
sparsely hairy, metatarsus longer than rest of the tarsal segments combined
together.
Claw: (Fig. 1) (4),
dark brown, evenly curved, simple on all legs; empodium(3) 0.75 x as long as claw.
Genitalia: (Fig. 3) Pale
brown, sparsely setose; basal clasp segment (16:5)
cylindrical, without lobe, 3.2 as long as broad; terminal clasp segment (10:3)
cylindrical, curved apically, thicker at base than at apex, ending with a few
long chitinised spines, tooth absent; dorsal plate (15:10)
longer and broader than subdorsal plate, deeply
incised in middle, lobes angular at tips, hairy; subdorsalplate (11:5) shorter than the dorsal, broader at base than at apex, with a
shallow incision apically, lobes round; genital rod (10) shorter than subdorsal plate, long, slender.
Female: Unknown.
Remarks
A. bharati sp. nov. closely resembles A. allahabadensis Gorver in its palpalsegments and wing venation, but differs from the same in having: i) two ocelli; ii) metatarsus
being longer than rest of tarsal segments combined; iii) subdorsalplate being incised apically.
Anarete basmatensis sp. nov.
(Figs. 8-15)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female,
03.ix.2003, dissected and mounted on slide, labelled,
at light, Basmathnagar, Maharashtra, India, coll.
S.S. Bhalerao (An-2).
Paratype: 1 female, data
same as of holotype. Dissected and mounted on slide
(An-2a).
Etymology
The specific
epithet basmatensis refers to the locality Basmatnagar, Maharashtra, India.
Diagnostic
features
Female: Body 1.6mm
long, brown in preserved condition;
Head: Ocelli two; eyes not
confluent above. Eye
bridge two facets wide; Trophi normal.
Palpus: (Fig.11) Quadriarticulate, pale brown, long, sparsely setose; first segment (10:7), subcylindrical,
broad medially, length 1.42 its maximum thickness; second segment (10:6),
cylindrical, as long as first and 1.66 x as long as thick; third segment
(12:5), cylindrical, longer and thinner than second, 2.20 x as long as thick;
fourth segment (24:4), cylindrical, longest of all, length 6 x as long as
thick.
Antenna: 0.29mm long,
shorter than body, with 2+8 segments, segments globose with two whorls of bristles basally, enlargements
with sensory bristles above middle of segment, apical stems short; scape (Fig. 12) (8:11), cup shaped, pedicel (Fig. 12)
(13:14), subglobose, thicker than long; third segment
(Fig. 13a) (9:11), not confluent with fourth, thicker than long; fourth segment
(Fig. 13b) (8:10), subglobose, shorter than third and
thicker than long; fifth segment (Fig. 13c) (8:9), shorter than fourth, and
nearly as long as thick; sixth to eighth segments similar to fifth; penultimate
segment (Fig. 9) (9:7), longer and thinner than fifth and 1.21 x as long as thick; terminal segment (Fig. 10)
(13:7), longest of all, with a sub apical constriction, length 1.85 x as long
as thick, ending with a short knob, length 1.8 x as long as thick.
Thorax: Scutum dark brown, scutellum and postscutellum brown.
Wing: (Fig. 8)
(37:15), hyaline, 2.46 x as long as broad, clothed with fine microtrichae, vein Rs short, vein R5 joining costa in distal third of wing but not interrupting costa, vein M1+2 obsolete, veins M3+4 and Cusimple.
Legs: Long, sparsely
hairy, metatarsus (33) 2.5 x as long as second segment, and 0.7 x as long as
rest of the tarsal segments combined.
Claws: (Fig. 15) (8),
dark brown, evenly curved, simple on all legs; empodium(5) 0.6 x as long as claw.
Ovipositor: (Fig. 14) Exerted,
lamellate, basal lamella longer and broader than the terminal and the latter
elongated oval.
Male: Unknown.
Remarks
Anarete basmatensis sp. nov. comes close to A. manii Rao in
characters of antenna, palpus and wing, but can be
easily distinguished from the latter in having: a) empodiumnearly half the length of the claw; b) terminal lamella of the ovipositor
elongated oval.
This new species
can be separated from A. longipalpi sp. nov. by:
a) terminal lamella of ovipositor elongated oval in shape; b) metatarsus being
shorter than rest of the tarsal segments combined.
Anarete longipalpi sp. nov.
(Figs. 16-23)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female,
10.ix.1999, dissected and mounted on slide, labelled,
at light, Science College Campus, Nanded,
Maharashtra, India, coll. S.S. Bhalerao (An-3).
Paratype: One female,
collected and mounted on slide, coll. data as of holotype(An-3a).
Etymology
The specific
epithet longipalpi refers to long palpi of the species.
Diagnostic
features
Female: Body 1.33mm
long, pale brown in preserved condition.
Head: Ocelli absent. Trophi slightly produced.
Palpus: (Fig.16) Quadriarticulate, long, pale brown, sparsely setose; first segment (13.8), subcylindrical,
shortest of all, 1.70 x as long as thick; second segment (15.7), subcylindrical, longer and thinner than first, 2.14 x as
long as thick; third segment (14:6) cylindrical, narrow at base, broad
apically, nearly as long as second and 2.33 x as long as thick; fourth segment
(32:4) cylindrical, longest of all, 8.00
x as long as thick.
Antenna: 0.31mm long,
shorter than body, with 2+9 flagellar segments,
segments globose, with two whorls of setae at base
and sensory processes above middle of segments, without basal stems but with
short apical stems; scape (Fig. 19a) (9:8), subglobose; pedicel (Fig. 19b) (10:10), longer and thicker
than scape; third segment (Fig. 20a) (9:10), not
confluent with fourth, with a short basal prolongation, length of the
enlargement 0.90 x its maximum thickness; fourth segment (Fig. 20b) (7:9),
shorter than third, length of the enlargement 0.77 x its maximum thickness;
fifth segment (Fig. 20c) (8:9), shorter than third, length of its enlargement
0.9 x its maximum thickness; penultimate
segment (Fig.17) (9:7), 1.28 x as long as thick; terminal segment (Fig. 18)
(12:7), broad basally, ending with an apical knob, longest of all, 1.84 x as
long as thick.
Thorax: Scutum dark brown, scutellum and postscutellum brown.
Wing: (Fig. 23)
(40:80), hyaline, nearly rectangular, 2.20 x as long as broad, microtrichae scattered uniformly all over wing, vein R5
uniting costa at distal third of wing and not
interrupting at its union; vein M1 + 2 faint, shorter than veins M1
and M2; veins M3+4 and Cu obsolete.
Legs: Long, sparsely setose, metatarsus as long as rest of terminal tarsal
segments combined, second tarsal segment 0.35 x as long as metatarsus, third
segment shorter than second; terminal tarsal segment longer than fourth.
Claw: (Fig. 22) (6),
stout, dark brown, dentate; empodium (2) less than
half the claw.
Ovipositor: (Fig. 21)
Exerted, lamellete, basal lobe cup shaped, broad
apically, terminal lamella oval and shorter than the basal.
Male: Unknown.
Remarks
Anarete longipalpi sp. nov. is similar to A. allahabadensis Grover in its palpaland antennal segments and wing venation, but can easily be distinguished from
the latter in having oval terminal lamella of the ovipositor.
This new species
can easily be separated from A. basmatensissp. nov. inhaving: a) terminal lamella of the ovipositor oval in shape, b) metatarsus
being equal to the length of the rest of the tarsal segments combined.
References
Gange, R.J. (1973). Family: Cecidomyiidae, pp.480-517. In: Delfinado,
M.D. and D.E. Hardy (eds.).Catalogue of The Dipteraof The Oriental Region 1.
Grover,
P. (1970). Studies on gall midges of India XXXIII on a study of Indian Lestremiinae. Cecidologia Indica 5(3): 121-180.
Grover,
P. (1975). Studies on gall midges from India XL keys to gall midges of
oriental region. Cecidologia Indica 10(1&2): 1-106.
Mani, M.S.
(1934).Studies on Indian Itonidiadae (Cecidomyiidae:Diptera). Records of Indian Museum 36: 381.
Mani, M.S.
(1946).Studies on Indian Itonididae (Cecidomyiidae:Diptera) - VIII. Keys to the genera
from the oriental region. Indian Journal of Entomology7(1&2): 189-235.
Rao, S.N. (1953). Six new species
of gall midges (Itonididae: Diptera)
from India. Records of Indian Museum 50(3-4): 307-320.
Sharma, R.M.
(2003). Anarete orientalis Adwant& Rao. A checklist of Gall midges (Diptera: cecidomyiidae) from Maharashtra state (Abstract no. E-1 : 79, 5th All India Congress of Zoology, Bhopal). Annals
of forestry 11(2): 269-270.
Key to the males of Indian species of Anarete
1. Ocelli absent; metatarsus shorter than the terminal tarsal
segments combined, subdorsal plate
entire............2
Ocelli two; metatarsus longer than rest of the tarsal
segments combined, subdorsal plate incised
apically...... …...........................bharati sp. nov
2. Antenna
with 2 + 8 segments; fifth antennal segment 1.33 x as
long as thick; subdorsal plate triangular and longer than the genital rod........ .........................
...........................................allahabadensis Grover, 1970
Antenna
with 2 + 7 segments; fifth antennal segment as long as thick; subdorsal plate linear and shorter than genital rod....................... ..............................sitapurensis Grover, 1970
Key to females of Indian species of Anarete Haliday, 1833
1. Terminal
lamella of ovipositor oval.................................2
Terminal
lamella of ovipositor elongated and oval....................................3
2. Metatarsus
shorter than terminal tarsal segment combined ....... ........ ....................................................allahabadensis Grover
Metatarsus
as long as terminal tarsal segment
combined........................................................longipalpi sp. nov.
3. Metatarsus
as long as terminal tarsal segment combined............ .................... ......................................manii Rao
Metatarsus shorter than
the terminal tarsal segments combined........ ............... ………….........basmatensis sp. nov.