A review of the species of Anastatus Motschulsky
(Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae) of the Indian subcontinent
T.C.
Narendran
Systematic
Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Calicut
University P.O., Kerala 673635, India
Email:
drtcnarendran@yahoo.com
Date
of online publication 26 February 2009
ISSN 0974-7907
(online) | 0974-7893 (print)
Editor: Gary Gibson
Manuscript
details:
Ms # o1903
Received 06
December 2007
Final revised
received 11 October 2008
Finally accepted
26 November 2008
Citation: Narendran,
T.C. (2009). A review of the species of Anastatus Motschulsky
(Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Eupelmidae) of the Indian subcontinent. Journal
of Threatened Taxa 1(2): 72-96.
Copyright: © T.C. Narendran
2009. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows
unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes,
reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and
the source of publication.
Author Details: T.C. Narendran is currently working as
Emeritus Professor at the Systematic Entomology Laboratory of the Department of
of Zoology, University of Calicut.
Acknowledgements: I thank the
ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi for financial grant for a
research project on Eupelmidae. I am grateful to the authorities of the
University of Calicut for facilities. I
have great pleasure in thanking Dr.Gary Gibson (Agriculture Canada) and Dr. M. Hayat, Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh, India for critically reviewing my paper and Prof. Hayat for sending a
collection of eupelmids for my study. The assistance given by my students Mr. Abhilash Peter, Ms. Jilcy, M.C.
and Ms. M. Sheeba is acknowledged. I thank Ms. Seena for helping in the photographic
work. I have pleasure in thanking Dr. John S. Noyes of the Natural History
Museum, London for taking the time to study some of the types of Anastatuspresent in the BMNH and supplying useful taxonomic information I requested.
Keywords: Anastatus, Eupelmidae, Indian subcontinent, key, new species, review.
Introduction
Most species of AnastatusMotschulsky (Eupelmidae: Eupelminae) are primary endoparasitoids of a wide
variety of insect eggs of Blattaria, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera,
Neuroptera, Mantodea, Orthoptera and Phasmidae. Some species are known to be hyperparasitoids of the eggs of
Lepidoptera, larvae of Coleoptera, and puparia of Diptera (Gibson 1995). A few species have been used in biological
control programmes against insect pests (Bouček 1988). Anastatus is a fairly large genus
containing about 150 described world species. The Indian species of Anastatuswere studied previously by Hayat (1975) and Mani (1989). Considering the importance of species as
potential biocontrol agents of insect pests and the discovery of several new
species in India it was necessary to update the taxonomic knowledge of this
group, especially considering the more recent generic concepts of Eupelminae
proposed by Gibson (1995). The subfamily
Eupelminae is characterized by extreme sexual dimorphism and male eupelmines
more closely resemble male Pteromalidae than female Eupelmidae (Gibson
1995). Because of this, the sexes are
difficult to associate and taxonomy of the group has been based mostly on
females, only females are included in this study. The purpose of the study is
to describe several new species of Anastatusin the insect collection of the University of Calicut that were found in India
and to provide a key to these and other species previously described from the
Indian subcontinent, which include Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal,
Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Materials and Methods
This review is
based mainly on field-collected females. The specimens were curated and stored (card mounted) by methods
described in Narendran (2001). Because
paratypic material includes only females, the total number of paratypes is
given and, where necessary, the number of specimens per collecting event in
parenthesis following the collecting event data. Specimens were studied using a Leica MZ6
stereozoom microscope. Holotypes of
newly described species are deposited in the Department of Zoology, University
of Calicut, Kerala, India, pending transfer to National collection of
Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata. The
general style of description is adopted from various papers of Bouček and
Gibson and many others. For the same
reason separate scale is not given for each figures following the style of
Bouček (1988), Gibson (1995) and many other international chalcidologists.
Type
Depositories: DZUC
- Department of Zoology, University of Calicut, Kerala, India; FRI - Forest
Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India; IARI - Division of Entomology, Indian
Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India; MCNM - Instituto Eppanol de
Entomologia, Museo Nacional du Ciencias, Naturales Madrid, Spain; MNHN - Museum
National d’ Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire d’ Entomologie Paris, France; SEA -
School of Entomology, St.John’s College, Agra, India; ZMMS - Moscow State
University Museum, Moscow, Russia; ZSI - Zoological Survey of India, Kolkatta.
Anastatus Motschulsky
Anastatus Motschulsky,
1859: 116. Type species Anastatus
mantoidae Motschulsky, by monotypy.
Cacotropia Motschulsky,
1863: 55. Type species Cacotropia
echidna Motschulsky, by monotypy. Synonymy by Bouček, 1988.
Antigaster Walsh and
Riley, 1869: 156. Type species: Antigaster
mirabilis Walsh and Riley, by monotypy. Synonymy by Ashmead, 1896.
Misocoris Rondani, 1877:
187. Type species: Misocoris oophagusRondani. Subsequent designation and synonymy by , 1974.
Solindenia Cameron, 1883:
189. Type species: Solindenia
picticornis Cameron, by monotypy. Synonymy by Swezey, 1946.
Paraguaya Girault, 1911
[88] : 395-396. Type species: Paraguaya pulchripennis Girault, by
monotypy and original designation. Synonymy by Girault, 1915.
Parooderella Girault, 1913
[175]: 88. Type species: Parooderella
aptera Girault, by monotypy and original designation. Synonymy by
Bouček, 1988.
Parasolindenia Girault, 1913
[175]: 90. Type species: Parasolindenia hemiptera Girault, by monotypy
and original designation. Preoccupied by Parasolindenia Brues, 1907: 48.
Synonymy by Bouček, 1988.
Pseudanastatus Masi, 1917:
162-163. Type speies: Pseudanastatus crassicornis Masi, by monotypy. Synonymy
by Bouček, 1976.
Pseudooderella Brèthes, 1922:
127. Type species: Pseudooderella catamarcensi Brèthes, by monotypy.
Synonymy by De Santis, 1960.
Cerycium Erdös, 1946:
137. Type species: Cerycium pratense Erdös,
by monotypy and original designation. Synonymy by Erdos, 1960.
Vignalia Risbec, 1951:
272. Type species: Vignalia
halyomorphae Risbec (= Anastatus nezarae Risbec), by monotypy.
Synonymy by Risbec, 1955.
Paravignalia Risbec, 1951:
274. Type species: Paravignalia hemipterae Risbec (= Anastatus
aliberti Risbec), by monotypy. Synonymy by Risbec, 1955.
Proanastatus De Santis,
1952: 267-268. Type species: Proanastatus excavatus De Santis, by
monotypy and original designation. Synonymy by De Santis, 1980 (as subgenus).
Descampsia Risbec, 1955:
212-213. Type species: Descampsia dipterae Risbec, by monotypy. Synonymy
by Gibson, 1995.
Anastatiomorpha Erdös, 1957:
363. Type species: Anastatimorpha siderea Erdös, by monotypy and
original designation. Synonymy by Bouček, 1970.
Anastatus (Cladanastatus)
Bouček, 1979: 93-96. Type species: Anastatus (Cladanastatus)umae Bouček (= Oodera madagascariensis Risbec), by original
designation.
Diagnosis: Female: Yellowish to
brown or dark with varied metallic refringence; mesoepisternum sometimes partly
white. Head subquadrate to distinctly wider than high; lower margin of toruli
at or near lower ventral margin of eye; scrobal depression more or less bell
shaped. Antennal formula 11173 [first
flagellar segment considered here as anellus]. Mandibles bidentate, usually with small ventro-apical tooth and broad,
truncate to slightly concave apical margin. Pronotum divided medially, subtriangular without distinct collar,
usually concave postero-medially. Mesoscutum relatively flat or with distinct MLM and LLM; SAC varied but
scutellum and axillae low, convex or flat. Propodeum with plical region narrow,
often more or less bow tie-like, and below plane of abruptly inclined callar
regions. Forewing macropterous or brachypterous; forewing of macropterous
female highly varied in colour pattern but usually with brown to orange
infumation and either with hyaline cross-band or spots below MV. Metasoma usually partly white basally, at
least ventrally; T7 with posterior margin broadly rounded. (Diagnosis partly
adapted from Gibson 1995.)
Male: Except for
structure of mandibles, completely dissimilar to female (see Gibson, 1995).
Hosts:Primary
parasitoids of eggs of Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Blattaria,
Orthoptera, Mantodea, Neuroptera and Phasmida. Some species can be hyperparasitoids of eggs of Lepidoptera through
Scelionidae and Ichneumonoidea primary parasitoids and some have been reared
from Coleoptera larvae and Diptera puparia (Gibson 1995).
Distribution:Cosmopolitan.
Subgenera: The genus Anastatuscontains two subgenera: Anastatus Motschulsky and CladanastatusBouček. These two subgenera
can be separated using the key given below.
Phylogenetics: Gibson (1995)
dealt extensively with the phylogeny of Anastatus while dealing with the
classification and phylogenetics of world Eupelminae. According to him, no
autapomorphies are known to support the monophyly of Anastatus Motschulsky
exclusive of Brasema Cameron and Zaischnopsis Ashmead. Character state distribution in the genera
indicates that the three could form a successively paraphyletic assemblage.
Anastatus
(A.)Motschulsky
1.Anastatus (A.) absonus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
1-2) (Image 1)
Material
examined:
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Kollam Dt., Shasthamkottai, 903’N & 76038’E, 12.xii.2004, coll.
T.C. Narendran, DZUC # MoEF 1649.
Etymology
The species name
is taken from Latin meaning different.
Description
Female: Length 2.6mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green; eye brown with margins around paler; ocelli reddish-brown; antenna pale
yellow with F5–F7 and clava brown; pronotum pale brownish-yellow with rim of
spiracle black; MLM metallic green with anterior marginal area and three
longitudinal stripes oconnected to this part pale yellow; anterior half of LLM,
tegula, prepectus and acropleuron pale brownish-yellow; concave area behind
MLM, posterior half of LLM, and scutellar-axillar complex metallic green;
propodeum dark brown; legs pale brownish-yellow; metasoma pale yellowish-brown
with distal half of T1 and T2 pale yellow; forewing with pale brown infumation
and hyaline band below MV, the distal margin straight and not reaching junction
of MV and STV (Fig. 2); area behind SMV hyaline; apical part with infumation
less pigmented and appears lighter.
Head: distinctly
wider than high in anterior view (27: 23); distinctly reticulate; OOL: POL: LOL
= 1: 3: 3; frons, face, and gena with moderately dense white pubescence; IAA
convex with a longitudinal ridge, well reticulate; scrobe deep, reticulate,
lateral margins carinate, separated from front ocellus by a little more than
diameter of front ocellus (4:3). Relative measurements of L: W of antennal
segments: scape = 37: 6; pedicellus = 10: 5; anellus = 4: 4; F1 = 11: 5; F2 =
12: 7; F3 = 12: 8; F4 = 8: 8; F5 = 8: 8; F6 = 7: 9; F7 = 8: 10; clava = 25: 10.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with a
median groove, concave posteriorly. Mesonotum with MLM longer than wide (11:
8), O.6 - 0.7x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, well reticulate; mesoscutum
with moderately dense pubescence; LLM well reticulate, almost flat, without
raised dorsal margin (this is probably an artefact of preservation and it
should be normally carinate). Prepectus subtriangular, faintly reticulate.
Acropleuron longitudinally striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative length of
veins: SMV = 47; MV = 38; PMV = 15; STV = 7. Midtibial spur shorter than mid basitarsus; midtarsus with a single row
of pegs ventrally on either side on basal 4 segments; hind basitarsus a little
shorter than combined length of following 3 tarsal segments.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma (11: 10); T1 longest; T2 to T4 almost equal (subequal) in lenth;
T5 shorter than T4; T4 broadest. Ovipositor sheath not exserted.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This species can
be separated from all other Indian species in having antenna pale yellow with
F5 to F7 and clava dark, hyaline band below MV without curved outer margin, MG
straight, and MS 0.25x EH in side view.
2.
Anastatus (A.)acherontiae Narayanan, Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao
(Figs.
3-4)
Anastatus
acherontiaeNarayanan et al. 1960: 171, Female. India (Delhi) (IARI).
Material
examined
4 females, India: Himachal
Pradesh, Hamirpur, Ammukalan, 1.vii.2006, coll. S.M. a. Badruddin & F. Khan
(1); Karnataka, Nagarhole, 1201’N & 76010’E, 16.viii.2001, coll. P.A. Sinu
(1); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107'N & 7505'E,
2-5.xii.1988, 11.xi.1988, 29.i.1989, coll. K. Anil, 1.xii.1985, coll. T.C.
Narendran & Party (11); Kerala, Ernakulam 9.ii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran
& Party (3); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Kadakkattupara (near Calicut
University), 1107’N & 7505’E, 8.ii.1988 coll. Anil, K (1); Kerala,
Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107'N & 7505'E, 2-5.xii.1988,
11.xi.1988, 29.i.1989, coll. K. Anil, 1.xii.1985, coll. T.C. Narendran &
Party (11); Kerala, Malappuram Dt.,
Nilambur 11016’N & 76014’E, 11.viii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party
(1); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Karimpuzha, 10°46’0N & 76°22’60E, 13.xii.1990
coll. K. Anil (1); 1.i.1986, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Kerala,
Palghat Dt., Malampuzha 10053’N & 76046’E, Kerala, Palghat Dt., Silent
valley 11°04’N & 76°79’E, 30.x.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1);
Kerala, Thrissur Dt., Vazhani 10038’N & 76019’E, 8.ii.1989 coll. T.C.
Narendran & Party (1); Punjab, PKT, Dodhpur, Kulian, 11.vii.2006, coll.
S.M.A. Badruddin (1); Tamil Nadu, Chennai (13°05’N & 80°18’E), 2.viii.2003,
coll. Paul Raj (eggs of Pentatomid bugs on weed) (1).
Redescription
Female: Length 2-3.1mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green or with metallic bronze with greenish refringence; antenna with scape
pale brownish-yellow, remaining segments dark brown; pronotum pale
brownish-yellow; rim of spiracle black; MLM, LLM, area between lateral lobs
beyond MLM, scutellar axillar complex, metanotum and propodeum with dark
metallic green refringence; prepectus and acropleuron pale brown; foreleg with
coxa pale brown, femur and tibia pale brownish-yellow, tarsus pale yellow; mid
leg with coxa pale brownish-yellow, femur and tibia dark brown with base and
apex pale yellow and tarsus pale yellow with dark pegs; hind leg with coxa dark
brown, femur and tibia brown with base and apex of tibia paler, and tarsus pale
yellow; gaster black with pale white or pale yellow at base. Forewing (Fig. 3) infumate with two hyaline
spots or patches (one behind the other) behind MV, anterior hyaline spot
reaching junction of MV and STV; base of wing hyaline, pigmentation on apex of
forewing less pronounced.
Head: wider than high
in anterior view, reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons with moderately
dense white pilosity; MS 0.36-0.37x EH in side view; MG straight; IAA broadly
convex (weakly convex in some specimens), distinctly reticulate; area below IAA
with moderately dense pubescence; scrobe reticulate, not deep, channel like,
posteriorly shallow, lateral margins carinate, d separated from front ocellus
slightly more than diameter of front ocellus, connected to front ocellus by a
shallow narrow depression; OOL: POL: LOL = 1.5:4:2 (in some specimens
1.5:4.5:2.2). Relative measurements of
L:W of antennal segments ; scape = 32:6; pedicel = 7:4; anellus = 4:4; F1 =
10:4; F2 =10:5; F3=11:6; F4 = 10:7; F5 = 7:7; F6 = 7:7; F7 = 6:8; clava = 20:8.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriomedially. Mesonotum with MLM distinctly longer than
broad, 0.58–0.65x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, a little convex,
distinctly reticulate-punctate; LLM faintly reticulate, mostly shiny, dorsal
margin posteriorly raised sharply; area beyond MLM and between LLM shallowly
concave, smooth and shiny with sparse pubescence; SAC similarly sculptured as
on MLM; scutellum convex. Prepectus subtriangular, smooth. Acropleuron finely
sculptured. Macropterous; relative lengths of veins: SMV=45; MV=51; PMV=15,
STV=6. Mid tibial spur almost equal to
mid mid metatarsus, mid tarsus with a single row of dark pegs ventrally on
either side on basal 3 tarsal segments; hind basitarsus as long as following 3
segments combined.
Metasoma: As long as
mesosoma; T1 longer than T2, its hind margin deeply incised medially; T2 longer
than T3, its hind margin medially incised; T4 almost equal in length of T3; T5
with posterior margin broadly concave; T6 with posterior margin convex.
Variation: Provided in the
above rescription.
Host
Acherontia
styx(Westwood) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) (Narayan et al. 1960; Pentatomidae
(Hemiptera) egg (New record for Pentatomidae).
Distribution:
India
(Delhi, Punjab. New recods: Kerala, Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu). Probably wide spread all over India
Remarks
A.acherontiaecomes
near A. mohanae in general appearance but differs from A. mohanaein having: hyaline patch below MV extend to junction of MV and STV, LLM with
dark metallic green refringence, acropleuron without longitudinal striae, mid
tibial spur almost equal in length to midbasitarsus, and hind basitarsus as
long as following three segments combined. Besides these differences the proportions of antennal segments,
metasomal tergites and forewing veins differ in both species.
3.Anastatus (A.) alaredactus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
5-9)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Thrissur Dt., Agricultural University 10028’N & 76018’E, 15.x.1988,
coll. T.C. Narendran & Party, DZUC # MoEF 1641.
Paratypes: 1 female,
India: Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus 1107’N & 7505’E,
and 04.ii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party.
Etymology
The species name is formed from the
Latin words ‘ala’ meaning wing and ‘redactus’ meaning short.
Description
Holotype
Female:Length 2.1mm.
Colour: Yellow except
as follows: eye gray with black spot medially; antennal flagellum and pedicel
brown, darker towards clava; metasoma with yellowish-white band on T1 and T2,
beyond T2 black except ovipositor sheath yellow. Forewing pale brownish-yellow, infumate with
three hyaline patches: one below SMV and other two below MV (one below the
other) (Fig.16), apex of forewing slightly less infumate.
Head: Wider than high
in anterior view (78: 59), reticulate; lower face with short, sparse yellow
pubescence; MS 0.67x EH in side view; MG straight; IAA convex, micropunctate;
scrobe shallow, lateral margin weakly carinate, separated from front ocellus by
diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate; OOL: POL: LOL = 3:3:1.5. Relative
measurements of L: W of antennal segments: scape = 44:7; pedicel = 10:6;
anellus = 5:3; F1 = 11:5.5; F2 = 12:7;
F3 = 15:7; F4 = 10:8; F5 = 8:9; F6 = 7:9; F7 = 6:10; clava = 24:12.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with a
median line of weak sclerotization, shallowly concave posteromedially.
Mesoscutum with MLM only slightly convex, weakly reticulate punctate, 0.66x
dorsal length of mesoscutum; LLM, weakly reticulate with sharp dorsal margin on
posterior half; interspace between lateral lobes behind MLM deeply concave,
weakly sculptured, mostly smooth and shiny; mesoscutum moderately pubescent
(Fig. 7); scutellar axillar complex weakly reticulate, scutellum slightly
convex, apex rounded. Propodeum without median carina. Prepectus subtriangular,
mostly smooth. Acropleuron with strong
longitudinal sulci. Brachypterous, forewing not reaching apex of gaster but
exceeding middle of gaster; relative length of veins: SMV = 47, MV = 41, PMV =
16, STV = 8. Midtibial spur slightly shorter than basitarsus; mid tarsus with
single row of dark pegs on either side ventrally on basal four segments; hind
basitarsus as long as following three segments combined.
Metasoma: Longer than
mesosoma (26:20), gradually widening upto T6. T1 longer than T2, T3 longer than
T1; T4 about half as long as T3; T5 as long as T4; T6 longer than T4.
Variation: Length varies
from 2.1-2.2mm. In paratype metasoma
blacker without metallic tinge.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks:
This is a unique
species with head, mesosoma and legs yellow and metasoma black with T1 and T2
yellowish-white. It comes near A.
ochirosis in the yellow colour of
body but differs from A. ochirasis in having: forewing not reaching apex
of gaster, forewing without a hyaline band but with two hyaline patches below
MV; gaster beyond T2 black and antenna with different colour pattern.
4.
Anastatus (A.) amarus (Subba Rao)
Solindenia
amaraSubba Rao, 1957: B. 46: 376, Male and Female (holotype), India, New Delhi
(IARI).
Anastatus
amarus(Subba Rao); Narayanan, Subba Rao and Ramachandra Rao, 1960: 175.
Anastatus
acherontiae:
Hayat, 1975: 266. Female (misiden-tification?)
Material
examined
5 females, India: Uttar Pradesh,
Aligarh, 27054’N & 7804’E, 13.viii.1983, coll. S. Islam (1); same
collection data except date 3.viii.1983, 23.viii.1983, 24.viii.1983,
26.iii.1984 (4).
Distribution
India
(New Delhi & Ranchi)
Diagnosis
Female: Length 3.30mm.
Colour: Head metallic
with blue green iridescence and coppery lustre at certain angles, antenna dark
brown with pedicel brilliant metallic green, scape lemon yellow; mesosoma dark
brown with deep bluish-violet refringence on MLM; axillae bronzy and scutellum
with metallic purple refringence; foreleg with coxa pale brown, femur and tibia
pale brownish-yellow, tarsus pale yellow; mid leg with coxa pale
brownish-yellow, femur and tibia dark brown with base and apex pale yellow and
tarsus pale yellow with dark pegs; hind leg with coxa dark brown, femur and
tibia brown with base and apex of tibia paler, and tarsus pale yellow Forewing
infumate with two hyaline spots or patches (one behind the other) behind MV,
anterior hyaline spot reaching junction of MV and STV; base of wing hyaline,
pigmentation on apex of forewing less pronounced.
Head: wider than long
in anterior view, reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons with moderately
dense pilosity ; MS 0.31- 043x EH in side view; MG slightly bend at middle
towards posterior part; IAA convex, distinctly reticulate; scrobe moderately
deep, channel like, posteriorly shallow, reticulate, lateral margins carinate,
separated from front ocellus by a distance a little more than diameter of front
ocellus, connected to front ocellus by a shallow groove. OOL:POL:LOL= 1:4:2.
Relative leasurements of L:W of antennal segments: scape= 25:4; pedicel= 5:3;
anellus=2:3; F1=4:3; F2=7:3.5; F3=6:4; F4= 6:5; F5= 5:5; F6= 5:5; F7= 5:5;
clava= 11:5.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriormedially. Mesonotum with MLM distinctly longer than
broad, 0.54-0.64x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, convex with raised close
reticulation and punctate; LLM faintly reticulate, mostly shiny; dorsal margin
posteriorly raised sharply, area beyond MLM and between LLM concave, smooth and
shiny with moderately dense pubescence; SAC similarly sculptured as MLM;
scutellum convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, smooth and shiny. Acropleuron finely striate-reticulate. Macropterous, relative lengths of forewing
veins: SMV=32; MV=44; PMV=17; STV=7. Midtibial spur equal or a little longer than midbasitarsus; midtarsus
with a row of dark pegs on either side ventrally on basal three tarsal
segments; hindbasitarsus as long as (or slightly longer) following two segments
combined.
Metasoma: longer than
mesosoma; T1 longest, its posterior margin slightly sinuate at middle; T2
shorter than T3; T4 almost equal in length of T3; T5 almost equal or a little
shorter than T4; T6 with posterior margin convex.T4 and T5 broader than others.
Male: Similar to
female but smaller. (Eventhough this was
stated in the original description,it cannot be so. It is possible that SubbaRao mistook a small
female for male, but in any event it was not included in the type material of
the species. Gibson 2008 pers. comm.).
Host
Apanteles
delhiensisSubba Rao (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitic on Hymenia recurvalis(Linn.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Tessaratoma javanica Thumb
(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) (Subba Rao 1957; Mehra 1966).
Remarks
Females
of A. amarus are very similar to A. acherontiae but can be
separated by the characters used in the key above. It is possible that A.
amarus and A. acherontiae may be sibling species. The status
of these species can be determined only by studying more specimens of amarusand acherontiae from the localities of the relevant types.
5.
Anastatus (A.) bangalorensis Mani & Kurian
(Figs.
10-11)
Anastatus
bangalorensisMani & Kurian, 1953: 13, Female,
India, Bangalore (SEA?).
Material
examined
3
females, India, Karnataka, Koorlugaya, 26.ix.2001, coll. M. Daniel (1); Kerala,
Kannur Dist, T.C. Narendran 12.iii.2007 (1); Kerala, Wayanad, 10.iv.2006 T.C.
Narendran (1).
Drtibution
India
(Bangalore, Kerala (new record for Kerala))
Diagnosis
Female: Length
2.50-2.60mm.
Colour: Head dark with
metallic green refringence (in some specimen head a ittle more metallic green),
antennal flagellum and pedicel brown or black; scape pale yellow or pale
brownish-yellow; mesosoma dark brown with metallic green or greenish-blue
refringence on posterior part of MLM and on lateral lobes (in specimen from
Kannur dt. green refreingence on mesoscutum weak and in specimen from Wayanad
dt. it is well pronounced); acropleuron reddish-brown or darker; gaster dark
brown with base pale white; legs brown with mid tibial spur and tarsus pale
yellow. Forewing infumate with basal part behind SMV and crossband behind MV
hyaline, hyaline band amost straignt outer margin, not extending upto junction
of MV and STV; apical part of forewing with weaker infumation (Fig. 11).
Head: 1.20-1.31x
wider than high in front view, distinctly reticulate, IAA and ventral half of
frons with moderately dense white pubescence; MS 0.38-0.41x EH in side view; MG
straight; IAA broadly convex, distinctly reticulate; scrobe not deep,
posteriorly shallow, lateral margin carinate; scrobe separated from front
ocellus by a distance equal to diameter of front ocellus, connected to front
ocellus by a shallow groove like depression; scrobe strongly reticulate; OOL:
POL: LOL = 1:5:2.5. Relative measurements of L; W of antennal segments: scape=
33:5; pedicel= 6:3; anellus = 3:2; F1= 7:3; F2= 8:3; F3= 10:4; F4= 6:5; F5=
5:5; F6= 6:6; F7== 6:8; clava = 19:8.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove; concave posteriormedially; MLM longer than broad, about
0.60x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, a little convex, distinctly
reticulate punctate; LLM weakly reticulate, mostly shiny, dorsal margin
posteriorly raised; area beyond MLM and between LLM shallowly concave, smooth
and shiny, with sparse pubescence (or no pubescence in one specimen); SAC
strongly sculptured; scutellum convex. Prepectus subtriangular, faintly
reticulate. Acropleuron distinctly striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of veins:
SMV=39; MV=39; PMV=19; STV=9. Mid tibial spur almost equal in length to
midbasitarsus; midtarsus with a single row of dark pegs on either side ventrally
on basal 3 tarsal segments (on fourth tarsal segment a pair of relatively
smaller peg at distal end); hindbasitarsus a little longer than following two
segments combined.
Metasoma: distinctly
longer than mesosoma; T1 longest, its posterior margin not clearly sinuate at
middle; T2 shorter than T3; T4 shorter than T3; T5 a little longer than T4; T1
to T5 becoming broader and T5 broadest. Ovipositor sheath slightly visible from dorsal side.
Male:Unknown.
Host
Eggs
of Halymorpha marmorea F. (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae New record). Eggs of pentatomid bugs on Pongamia glabraVent.Sans (Fabceae) (Mani & Kurian 1953).
Remarks
A.
absonus resemblesA. bangalorensis in general features but differs from it in having F1 to
F4 pale brownish-yellow; MLM metallic green with posterior marginal area and three
longitudinal strips pale yellow and forewing with weaker infumation.
6.
Anastatus (A.)bifasciatus (Geoffroy)
(Fig.
12)
Cynips
bifasciatus Geoffroy,
1785: 388. Female, France (MNHN).
Cinips
bifasciata Fonscolombe,
1832. Female, France (OXUM). Synonymy by Bouček, 1970: 80.
Cinips
Bombycum Fonscolombe,
1832: 295. Male, France (lost). Synonymy by Graham, 1992: 1101.
Eupelmus
bifasciatus(Geoffroy); Forster, 1860: 122.
Pteromalus
Oomyzus Rondani,
1872: 202. Male, Italy (MZUF). Synonymy by Bouček, 1974: 261.
Pteromalus
ovivorus Rondani,
1872: 203. Female, Italy (MZUF). Synonymy by Bouček, 1974: 262.
Misocoris
oophagus Rondani,
1877: 187. Male, Italy (MZUF). Synonymy by Bouček, 1974: 262.
Diplolepis
bifasciata (Geoffroy);
Dalla Torre, 1898: 418.
Eupelmus
subaeneus De Stephani, 1898: 251. Female, Italy.
Synonymy by Bouček, 1970: 80.
Anastatus
eurycephalus Masi,
1919: 321. Female, Italy (MCSN, BMNH). Synonymy by Bouček, 1970: 80.
Cerycium
pratense
Erdos, 1946: 138. Male, Hungary (lectotype designated by Thuroczy, 1992, HNHM).
Synonymy by Bouèek, 1970: 80.
Material
examined: None.
Distribution
Widely
distributed in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Masoodi et al. (1986) reported it from India though Hayat (1975) stated that
reports of this species from India need confirmation.
Diagnosis
(based on Ferriere, 1930, Nikolskaya,
1960, Tryapitzin 1987 and Bouček, 1970)
Female: Length 2.4-3.3mm.
Body
dark violet with golden green lustre in some places; scutellum and axillae bronze;
scape yellowish-brown; legs dark brown; part of T1 and T2 pale or translucent
(in some specimens T2 not distinctly whitish at the end but only slightly
paler); head 3.3x as broad as long in dorsal view (in some specimens mesosoma
more greenish without violet refringence but vertex, scutellum, axillae and
metasoma also without bronze colour); antenna as in figure 1c of Ferriere 1930
and Fig. 477 of Nikolskaya (1960); forewing infumate with a transverse hyaline
band curved in the middle, slightly narrowed towards posterior margin; apical
part of forewing slightly lighter; basal part below SMV not infumate; MLM about
0.8x length of mesoscutum; midtibial spur a little shorter than mid basitarsus;
metasoma a little longer than mesosoma (33:36).
Host
This
species attack a wide variety of hosts viz. Hemiptera (Aphididae,
Coreidae, Pentatomidae, Psyllidae, Scutelleridae), Lepidoptera (Lasiocampidae,
Lymantridae, Notodontidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae),
Orthoptera (Acrididae, Tettigonidae) and Hymenoptera (Braconidae). For detailed
list see Noyes (2003).
Remarks
A.
bifasciatuscomes near A.phaeonotus in general features but differs from A.
phaeonotus in having MLM 0.7 or more as long as mesoscutum, metasoma 1.5-1.6x
as long as broad, scape 5.33x as long as pedicel head in dorsal view 3.3x as
broad as long and MLM dark with metallic green refringence.
7.
Anastatus (A.) colemani (Crawford)
Anastatus
colemaniCrawford, 1912: 42:6. Female (syntypes) India, Bangalore (USNM).
Matarial
examined: None.
Distribution
India
(Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Uttapradesh), Malaysia, Taiwan (Noyes 2003)
Diagnosis (based on Mani
1989)
Female: Length
3.50mm. Head green; face metallic red;
MLM bronzy; other parts of mesonotum with bluish green refringence; scutellum
bronzy; rest of mesosoma and legs bronzy or purple; metasoma aeneous with a
white transverse band near hind margin of T1; scape testaceous; pedicel green,
basal funicular segments aeneous; F1 about 2x as long as pedicel and about as long
as clava; F2 to F5 gradually becoming shorter; F6 and F7 subquadrate, MLM and
LLM finely reticulate with shallow close punctae behind; SAC umbilicately
punctate; acropleuron finely striate; forewing hyaline basally, and with a
curved hyaline band in the middle of vein MV; SMV about equal to MV; PMV about
0.50 of MV; STV shorter than 0.50 of PMV. Metasoma short.
Male: Unknown.
Hosts
Pentatomidae
[Degonatus serratus Dist., Placosternum dama (Fabricius), Rhynchocoris
humeralis (Thunberg), Tessaratoma javanica (Thunberg), Tetroda
histeroides (Fabricius)], Saturnidae [Attacus atlas L.]. (Noyes 2003
listed these based on several authors).
Remarks
It is difficult
to identify this species from the short available description. However, the metallic red face, bronzy MLM,
scutellum, legs; F1 about 2x as long as pedicel and as long as clava and SMV
almost equal to MV are features which may help to identify this species along
with the key provided above in this work.
8.
Anastatus (A.) cuspidiatus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
13-16)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Palghat Dt., Malampuzha 10º53’N 76º46’E, 11.xii.1987, coll. T.C.
Narendran & Party DZUC # MoEF 1639.
Paratypes: 7 females,
India: Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
12.iii.1985, coll. T.C. Narendran; Kerala, Thrissur Dt., Peechi, 10031’N &
76013’E, 5.ii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party; Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh,
27054’N & 7804’E, 22.viii.1979, coll. M. Hayat; Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh,
27054’N & 7804’E, 22.viii.1979, coll. M. Verma; West Bengal, Sadhanapur,
24031’N & 88045’E, 23.ix.1983, coll. S.S. Islam; Kerala, Malappuram Dt.
Edayur, 10056’N & 7606’E, 1.x.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party; Uttar
Pradesh, Sodabad, Bidai, 27027’N & 7802’E, 4.ix.2006, coll. M. Hayat &
F.R. Khan.
Etymology
The species name
is formed from the Latin word ‘cuspis’ meaning pointed, indicating a pointed
gaster.
Description
Holotype: Female: Length
3.4mm.
Colour: Brownish-black;
head with slight bronze and metallic green refringence; eyes dark brown with
pale gray borders; ocelli pale reflecting yellow; pronotum dull brownish-yellow
with posterior corners including spiracular borders brownish-black with slight
metalic green refringence; remaining part of mesosoma black with metallic green
refringence; legs dark brown with midtibial spur and midtarsal segments pale
yellow, except black pegs on midtarsal segments and apex of midtibia; metasoma
black with T2, apex of gaster, apex of ovipositor sheath and ovipositor pale
yellow. Forewing infumated with median
transverse hyaline band, the band-reaching junction of MV and STV and with
outer margin strongly angulate (Fig. 15).
Head: Wider than high
in anterior view (72: 64), reticulate; lower face with scattered white short
pubescence; MS 0.38x EH in side view; MG straight; IAA convex, scrobe not deep
posteriorly; lateral margins carinate; scrobe separated from front ocellus by
diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate; IAA and lower face coriaceous;
OOL: POL: LOL = 2:5:3. Relative measurements of L:W of antennal segments : scape = 27:5, pedicel = 8:5, anellus = 3:3,
F1 = 11:5, F2 = 12:5, F3 = 13: 7, F4 =
9:8, F5 = 8:8, F6 = 7:8, F7 = 5:8, clava = 20:9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum bare
dorsally, weakly reticulate, medially divided by a weak longitudinal median
line, medially depressed. Mesonotum with
MLM densely reticulate punctate, 0.58x dorsal length of mesoscutum; LLM less
strongly reticulate with sides and posterior part smooth and shiny, with raised
dorsal edge on posterior half; interspace between lateral lobes behind MLM
deeply concave, faintly reticulate medially; mesoscutum with scattered white
setae medially, mostly bare on sides; scutellar axillar complex reticulate
punctate; axillae broadly separated anteromedially; scutellum distinctly convex,
apex rounded. Propodeum with plical
region narrow, without median carina, separated from callar region by plical
furrow, posterior margin deeply concave. Prepectus subtriangular, faintly
reticulate. Acropleuron longitudinally striate and not at all faint as in donius. Macropterous; relative length of veins: SMV =
45; MV = 39; PMV = 15; STV = 8. Midtibial spur subequal to basitarsus, with a
single row of black pegs ventrally on either side on basal three segments of
mid tarsus; hind basitarsus as long as following three segments combined.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma (23:20); T1 longer than T2, its posterior margin medially
incised; width gradually increasing from T1 to T4 or T5; T6 narrower than T5.
T3 longer than T4; T5 a little longer than T4. Ovipositor sheath about 0.10x as
long as gaster.
Variation: Length varies
from 3.13-3.5mm. In specimens from
northern India frontovertx with purple and gena with bluish-violet
refringence. POL varies from 3.5 to 3.8x
OOL.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This new species
comes near A.operosus sp. nov. in general appearance but
differs from it in having: F1 and F2 distinctly longer than pedicel, clava
shorter than scape and acropleuron longitudinally striate.
9.
Anastatus (A.) dasyni Ferrière
(Fig.
17)
Anastatus
dasyniFerrière, 1935: 146.Female Malaya, Sudang (BMNH).
Material
examined
4 females,
India: Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Vellayani, 08°50’N & 76°9’E, 7.11.2005,
coll. M.H. Faizal.
Distribution
Africa. India
(Kerala). This is the first record of this species from Indian subcontinent.
Diagnosis
Female: Length 2-2.3mm.
Colour: Head with dark
metallic green and purple refringence; mesoscutum and scutellum with dark
bluish-green refringence; gaster black with base pale yellow; legs brown with
some parts slightly darker, mid tarsus pale brown. Antenna as in figure 63; forewing with distal
margin of hyaline band curved (not distinctly angulated); infuscated from area
behind parastigma to apex with apical part a little less pigmented, appearing
light.
Head: a little wider
than high in anterior view, reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons coarsely
reticulate and with moderately dense white pubescence. MS 0.31 – 0.33x EH; MG
curved posteriorly at its middle; IAA convex, with raised reticulation; scrobe,
shallow, channel like, reticulate, lateral margins weakly carinate; scrobe
separated from front ocellus by 2.5-3x diameter of front ocellus. OOL: POL:LOL
= 1:4:2. Relative L:W of antennal segments: scape=39:5; pedicel= 8:4; anellus=
4:3; F1=9:4; F2=9:5; F3=11:5; F4=8.5:6; F5=8.5:6; F6=7.5:7.0; F7=7.5:7.0;
clava= 22:9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriormedially. Mesoscutum with MLM longer
than broad, 0.75x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, convex with raised
reticulation and punctae; LLM coarsely reticulate, not smooth, posteriorly with
sharp raised dorsal margin; area beyond MLM and between LLM weakly reticulate,
with moderately dense, relatively longer silvery hairs, shallowly concave; SAC
strongly reticulate as that of MLM; scutellum moderately convex. Prepectus
faintly reticulate, subtriangular. Acropleuron longitudinally
striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of forewing veins: SMV=19;
MV=13; PMV=6;STV=3. Midtibial spur as long as midbasitarsus (a little longer
than midbasitarsus in the original description of Ferriere, 1935); mid tarsus
with a single row of dark pegs on either side ventrally on basal three
segments; hindbasitarsus a little longer than following two tarsal segments
combined.
Metasoma: a little
shorter than mesosoma; T1 longer than T2, its posterior margin sinuate at
middle; T2 with its posterior margin slightly sinuate at middle; T3 longer than
T2; T4 subequal in length to T3; T5 subequal to T4; T6 convex posteriorly; T4
broadest.
Male: Unknown.
Host
Eggs
of Dasynus piperis (Ferrière), Paradasynus rostratus Distant, Amblypelta
cocophaga China, Homoeocerus lucidus Linnavuori, (Hemiptera:
Coreidae) Axigastus cambell Distant, Diliphus, Nezara viridula L.,
Vitellus sp. (Hemiptera: Pentaomidae) (Noyes 2003).
Remarks
It
differs from all other Indian species in havingLLM coarsely reticulate, MS
0.31-0.33x EH in side view; scrobe separated from front ocellus by 2.5-3.0x
diameter of front ocellus; scrobe not connected to front ocellus by a groove or
depression, midtibial spur as long as or longer than midbasitarsus, MLM 0.75x
length of mesoscutum and MV shorter than SMV.
10.
Anastatus (A.) donius Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
18-21)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Palghat Dt., Malampuzha, 11.xii.1987, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party
DZUC # MoEF 1638.
Paratypes: 4 females,
India: Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
1.iii.1987, 17.ii.1988, 1.x.1988, 2.xii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party.
Etymology:Arbitrary
combination of letters.
Distribution: India (Kerala)
Description
Holotype Female: Length 2.90m.
Colour: Dark brown;
malar space and vertex with slight metallic green refringence; frons with slight
bronze refringence; eyes pale yellowish-gray; ocelli dark brown; antenna
brownish-black except scape pale brown; pronotum yellow with spiracular border
black, with violet refringence under certain angle of light; mesoscutum dark
with metallic green refringence; mid tarsi, apex of T1 and T2 completely pale
white; rest of metasoma dark brown. Forewing infumated with 2 hyaline patches, the anterior hyaline patch
not reaching junction of MV and STV (Fig. 3).
Head: A little wider than high in
anterior view (65:62), reticulate; lower face with a few white short
pubescence; MG almost straight; MS 0.38x EH in side view; EH 1.5x EW in side
view; IAA slightly convex; scrobe not deep posteriorly, lateral margins
carinate; scrobe separated from front ocellus by a distance more than diameter
of front ocellus; OOL: POL: LOL = 1:5:3; scrobal margin weakly incurved above
torulus, scrobe reticulate, IAA and lower face coriaceous. Relative
measurements of L:W of antennal segments: scape = 43:5; pedicel = 7:4; anellus
= 4:5; F1 = 9:5; F2 = 10:6; F3 = 12:7; F4 = 11:8; F5 = 7:8; F6 = 8:8; F7 = 9:9;
clava = 15:9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum bear
dorsally, weakly reticulate, medially divided by a weak longitudinal median
line, posteromedially with a shallow depression. Mesonotum with MLM densely
reticulate-punctate, 0.65x dorsal length of mesoscutum; LLM similarly
sculptured as MLM, with sharp raised dorsal margin on posterior half;
interspace between lateral lobes behind MLM shallowly concave, faintly
reticulate medially, sides reticulate; mesoscutum with scattered dirty white
setae medially and in row on lateral lobes, scutellar axillar complex
reticulate punctate; axillae broadly separate anteromedially; scutellum
distinctly convex, apex rounded. Metanotum smoothly sculptured with dorsellum
slightly extended over scutellar apex. Propodeum without median carina. Prepectus subtriangular, smoothly and weakly reticulate. Acropleuron
very finely and faintly coriaceous. Macropterous, forewing extended to apex of
gaster, with apical margin rounded (Fig. 20); SMV a little longer than MV;
relative length of veins: SMV = 39; MV = 36; PMV = 17; STV = 6. Midtibial spur
slightly longer than mid basitarsus; midtarsus with single row of dark pegs
ventrally on either side on basal four segments; hind basitarsus subequal to
following three segments combined.
Metasoma: Longer than
mesosoma (32: 26); T1 longer than T2, its posterior margin incised medially; T2
shorter than T3, its posterior margin slightly concave; T3 longer than T4; T5
large with its posterior margin broadly concave; T6 with convex posterior
margin; T7 as in figure 4; T4 and T5 broader than all other tergites. Ovipositor sheath not exserted.
Variation: Length varies from
2.4-3.0mm Mesopleuron becomes a little more darkish-brown in one paratype. MS
varies from 0.24 to 0.38x EH in side view. EH 1.5-1.8x EW.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This new species
is similar to A. mantoidae Motsch. Because it has T5 deeply incised but differs
from A. mantoidae in having a forewing with two hyaline patches as in
Fig. 20.
11.
Anastatus (A.)echidna Motschulsky
Cacotropia
echidnaMotschulsky, 1863: 55-57, Lectotype Female. Sri Lanka (= Ceylon) (ZMMS).
Designated by Bouček 1988.
Anastatus echidna(Motschulsky); Bouèek, 1988: 550.
Matarial
examined: None.
Distribution:Sri
Lanka (= Ceylon)
Diagnosis(based
on original description and Bouček 1988)
This
species belongs to the bifasciatus group of Anastatus (Bouček
1988). Female length 3.25mm. General body colour black, metallic, more or
less shiny; frons coppery, anterior part of metasoma whitish, posterior part of
metasoma subviolaceous, tip greenish; scape, lateral parts of mesosoma, basal
portion of tibiae and tip of tarsi more or less rufotestaceous; pronotum
metallic green; forewing infuscated with two oblong translucent (whitish of
Bouèek, 1988) spots near the tip; ocelli piceous; eye reddish.
Head
roundly triangular, rugulose, scrobe with two channels like depressions;
antenna hardly clavate. Mesosoma oblong, moderately, very densely and obscurely
punctate, on the sides glabrous, shining. Pronotum moderately longitudinally hollowed out, on sides convex,
raised; mesonotum flat, ovate, velvetty black; propodeum unequally trapezoidal,
shining. .
Male: Unknown.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
My
efforts to procure the type did not materialize. In the absence of enough
reliable information on the species, I have based the above account mainly on a
translation of the original description of Motshulsky (1863) and on information
provided by Bouček (1988).
12.
Anastatus (A.) hayati Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
22-25)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Malppuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
09.ii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party DZUC # MoEF 1642.
Paratypes (9
females):9 females, India: same collection data of holotype except date 19.iii.1985 (2);
Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
5.ii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (2); Kerala, Malppuram Dt., Calicut
University Campus, 1107’N 7505’E, 19.i.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party
(1); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E),
1.x.1988, coll. K. Anil (1); Karnataka, Vittal, CPCRI 12046’0N & 7504’60E,
16.xii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Kerala, Malappuram Dt.,
Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E, 17.i.1990, coll. K. Anil (1);
Karnataka, Lakavalli Forest, 13042’N & 75040’E, 5.xi.2006, coll. K. Rajmohana
(ZSI) (1).
Etymology
Named after
Prof. M. Hayat of Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, for his sincere
cooperation in my studies on Eupelmidae and for his significant contribution in
the study of Eupelmidae.
Description
Holotype
Female:Length 3.1mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green; eyes pale yellow; ocelli pale reflecting yellow; scape pale
brownish-yellow, remaining segments of antenna dark brown; pronotum pale
brownish yellow, with rim of spiracles black; MLM dark brown, LLM pale
brownish-yellow; area between lateral lobes beyond MLM dark with metallic
bluish-green refringence; scutellar axillar complex, metanotum and propodeum
dark brown; acropleuron pale yellowish-brown; prepectus pale yellow; T1 brown
with apical half pale; T2 pale except distal margin, remaining tergites dark
brown with metallic green refringence on T7; ovipositor sheath pale yellow;
legs brown with tibiae slightly darker and tarsus paler and mid tibial spur
pale yellow. Forewing (Fig. 24) with approximate distal half infumate with a less
pigmented part in the middle, the infumate area is followed by hyaline part
behind SMV and another infumate smaller part at base of wing.
Head: A little wider
than high in anterior view (68: 61), strongly reticulate; face below toruli and
IAA with moderately dense pale brownish white pubescence; MS 0.36x EH in side
view; MG almost straight, slightly curved posteriorly just before meeting lower
margin of MS; IAA convex and strongly reticulate; scrobe relatively deep,
lateral margin carinate; scrobe separated from front ocellus by diameter of
front ocellus, scrobe reticulate; OOL: POL: LOL = 2.5: 5:3. Relative measurements of L: W of antennal
segments: scape = 39:7; pedicel = 13: 5; anellus = 5: 6; F1 = 14: 7; F2 = 15:
7.5; F3 = 16: 8; F4 = 12: 8; F5 = 10: 8; F6 = 9: 9; F7 = 8: 10; clava = 26: 10.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
weak median groove, slightly depressed posteromedially. Mesonotum with MLM
0.71x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, slightly convex, distinctly
reticulate; LLM weakly reticulate, mostly smooth, with dorsal margin raised in
posterior half; interspace between lateral lobes beyond MLM mostly smooth and
shiny; mesoscutum moderately pubescent; scutellar axillar complex reticulate;
scutellum weakly convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, weakly sculptured, mostly smooth and shiny. Acropleuron
longitudinally striate. Brachypterous, forewing reaching hind margin (or a
trifle exceeding) of T1. Mid tibial spur subequal to mid basitarsus; mid tarsus
with single row of dark peg ventrally on either side on basal four segments;
hind basitarsus subequal to following two segments combined.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma (15:13), a little more than 2x its width, T1 with posterior
margin incised at middle, T2 as long as T3; T4 broadest, as long as T3; T5 almost
equal in length to T4; remaining tergites narrowing towards caudal end. Ovipositor sheath exserted slightly.
Variation: Length
2.1-3.0mm. Metallic green refringence faded in some specimens.
Host: Unknown
Remarks
This
comes near A.rufopostumus in having similar colour of head and
acropleuron. However, A. hayatidiffers in having T7 dark brown or black, scape shorter than combined length of
F1 to F3, MLM dark metallic green, and clava pointed (Fig. 23).
13.
Anastatus (A.)japonicus Ashmead
(Figs.
26-27)
Anastatus
japonicusAshmead, 1904: 153, Female,Japan (USNM).
Anastatus bifasciatus
disparis Ruschka, 1921: 265. Synonymy by Tachikawa 1965: 281.
Anastatus uaponicus Ashmead;
He et al. 2001: 21-23. Misspelling of A. japonicus Ashmead (Noyes 2003).
Material
examined
1 female, India,
Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh 27º54’N & 78º4’E, 1.x.1979, coll. M. Hayat.
Distribution
Widely
distributed in Palaerctic, Nearctic and Oriental regions (Noyes 2003). In India Himachal Pradesh (Dharmadhikari et
al. 1985), Jammu and Kashmir (Islam & Hayat 1986). Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh (New record)
Redescription
Female: Length:
2-3.1mm.
Colour: Black with
metallic, bronzy refringence as follows: frontovertex, MLM, scutellum with
bronzy-blue, gena with deep blue, sides and posterior part of mesoscutum with
deep bluish-violet and gaster with dull purple blue; antennae (Fig. 52) dark
brown with scape yellowish-brown; pronotum yellowish brown with rim of
spiracles dark brown or black; prepectus and tegulae brown; acropleuron brown
with anterior third black. Forewing
infumated with a transverse hyaline band bhind MV, outer margin of hyaline band
curved, not extending upto junction of MV and STV (Fig. 27), apex not
distinctly differentialted by weak pigmented area.
Head: wider than high
in anterior view, distinctly reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons with
moderately dense pilosity. MS 0.40-0.41x EH in side view; MG slightly curved
towards posterior side; IAA very convex, well reticulate; scrobe not deep,
channel like, posteriorly shallow, lateral margin carinate, separated from
front ocellus by diameter of front ocellus; scrobe connected to front ocellus
by a very narrow shallow groove; OOL: POL: LOL = 1:4-4.5: 3. Relative measurements of L;W of antennal
segments : scape = 24:4 ; pedicel = 6:3; anellus = 3:2; F1 = 7:3; F2 = 7.5:3;
F3 = 9:4; F5 = 8:4; F6 = 6:5; F7 = 5:5; clava = 18:6.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriomedially. Mesocutum with MLM distinctly
longer than broad, 0.63-0.68x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view; MLM convex,
distinctly reticulate-punctate; LLM distinctly reticulate, dorsal margin
raised, sharp posteriorly; area beyond MLM and between LLM somewhat deeply
concave, mostly smooth and shiny with sparse pubescence. SAC strongly reticulate-punctate; scutellum
slightly convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, smooth. Acropleuron
finely reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of forewing veins: SMV = 29;
MV = 28; PMV = 11; STV = 4. Midtibial
spur almost equal in length to corresponding basitarsus; midtarsus with a
single row of dark pegs on either side ventrally of basal four segments; hind
basitarsus as long as following two segments combined.
Metasoma: slightly longer
than mesosoma (53:50). T1 longest, its
posterior margin incised at middle; T2 shorter than T3; T4 slightly longer than
T3; T5 almost equal to T4; T6 with posterior margin convex; T7 broadly
expanded; T5 broadest.
Variation: provided in the
text above.
Male: For description
see Ashmead (1904).
Host
Eggs
of Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) and those of
several other Lepidoptera and Hemiptera families, sometimes as a
hyperparasitoid through Braconidae and Encyrtidae (Noyes 2003).
Remarks
This
species in the earlier literature was often misidentified as Anastatus
bifasciatus (Geoffroy) or Anastatus disparis Ruschka (Gibson 1995;
Noyes 2003).
14.
Anastatus (A.)kashmirensis Mathur
Anastatus
kashmirensisMathur, 1956: 93, Female (holotype), male, India, Srinagar (FRI).
Matarial
examined: None.
Distribution:India:
Jammu & Kashmir (Sri Nagar).
Diagnosis(based
on Mathur (1956), Mani (1988), and Hayat (1975))
Female: 1.50-2.00mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green with a coppery refringence; frons and face with purple refringence; scape
brownish-yellow; pedicel green, rest dark brown; pronotum metallic blue with a
median orange stripe, brownish-yellow laterally; mesonotum metallic
bluish-green with a purplish refringence; scutellum with a coppery tinge;
propodeum purplish; acropleuron fuscous with purplish tinge anteriorly and
testaceous posteriorly; coxa, trochanter and three middle tarsal segments
brownish-yellow; coxa partly greenish outwardly; femur, tibia and apical tarsal
segments dark brown; metasoma aeneous with a broad dull white band on basal two
tergites; T1 with 2 dark brown lateral spots; tip of metasoma dark green;
ovipositor pale; forewing infumated with transverse hyaline band below MV, area
below SMV also hyaline; outer margin of hyaline band curved, hyaline band
commencing from the junction of MV and STV, and width of hyaline band below MV
a little shorter than SMV.
Head: wider than
long, vertex and frons finely granulate; scrobe moderately deep, strongly
carinate on lateral margin and anterior margin, separated slightly(less than
diameter of front ocellus) away from
front ocellus; face elevated and rugulose. Relative L:W of antennal segments :
scape = 17:2.5; pedicel = 5:3; anellus = 1:2; F1 = 5:3; F2 = 3.5:3; F3 = 3.6:4;
F4 = 3:4; F5 = 3:4; F6 = 3:4; F7 = 3:4; clava = 12:4 (Fig.159c, Mani 1989).
Mesosoma: Pronotum
slightly broader than long; “scutum”(MLM?) punctate, closely reticulate with
impressed lines(notauli?); “scapulae” (LLM) weakly reticulate anteriorly; SAC
finely and longitudinally striate; acropleuron finely lineolate, sparsely hairy
anteriorly. Forewing veins with MV shorter than SMV; STV about one-third as
long as MV; midtibial spur distinctly longer than midbasitarsus; midtarsus with
a row of black pegs on either side ventrally of basal 4 segments.
Metasoma: slightly longer
than mesosoma, narrow at base, widest at T5, strongly narrowed apically. Ovipositor slightly exserted.
Host
Lymantria
obfuscataWalker, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) (Hayat 1975).
Remarks
A. kasmirensis comes near A.
leithi in having forewing hyaline band not extending to junction of MV and
STV and in some other features but differs from leithi in having mesonotum
metallic bluish-green with purplish refringence except scutellum with coppery
tinge, scutellar axillar complex longitudinally striate and MV a little less
than 2x as long as SMV.
15.
Anastatus (A.) latheefi Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
28-31)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India: Andra
Pradesh, Kottanada, Chollanki 13039’N & 78015’E, 27.v.2006, coll. Latheef
DZUC # MoEF 1640.
Etymology
The species is named after the
collector.
Description.
Holotype: Female: Length
4.6mm.
Colour: Black with
following parts as follows: antennal scape pale brownish-yellow; metallic green
refringence on frontovertex, gena and temple, posterior corners of pronotum,
sides and median concave part of mesoscutum and on scutellar axillar complex;
frons with bronze refringence; pronotum pale brownish-yellow with posterior
corners dark with metallic refringence; prepectus pale brownish-yellow; median
and apical part of T1 and T2 pale whitish-yellow; ovipositor sheath pale
yellow; front legs brown, midlegs brown with femur and tarsus darker; hind leg
dark brown with bases of femur and tibia, second to fifth tarsal segments dark
brown. Forewing infumate with hyaline
band not reaching junction of MV and STV, outer margin of band angulate (Fig.
30).
Head: Wider than long high in anterior
view (72: 64), coarsely reticulate; lower face with moderately dense white
pubescence; MS 0.33x EH in side view; MG well curved; IAA convex, reticulate;
scrobe somewhat deep, lateral margins carinate; scrobe separated from front
ocellus by 1.5x diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate; OOL: POL: LOL =
2:7:4. Relative measurements of L: W of antennal segments: scape = 41:7;
pedicel = 10:6; anellus = 5:4; F1 = 10:6; F2 = 11:7; F3 = 11:7; F4 = 9:8; F5 =
8:8; F6 = 9:6; F7 = 10:6; clava = 23:12.
Mesosoma: Pronotum weakly
reticulate, medially depressed, divided medially by a weak longitudinal line.
Mesonotum with MLM distinctly reticulate-punctate, 0.6x dorsal length of
mesoscutum; LLM striate-reticulate, with raised median edge in posterior half;
interspace between lateral lobes behind MLM deeply concave, weakly reticulate,
mostly smooth and shiny; mesoscutum with moderately dense white pubescence
medially and in rows on lateral lobes; scutellar axillar complex densely
micropunctate; scutellum distinctly convex, apex rounded. Propodeum without median carina, separated
from callar region by plical furrow. Prepectus subtriangular, weakly
reticulate. Acropleuron longitudinally
striate. Macropterous; forewing with relative length of veins = SMV = 55; MV =
34; PMV = 17; STV = 6. Midtibial spur
subequal to midbasitarsus; midtarsus with a single row of dark pegs ventrally
on either side on basal three segments; hind basitarsus as long as following
three segments combined.
Metasoma: (Fig. 31)
Subequal in length to mesosoma; T1 longer than T2; T3 almost as long as T2; T4
shorter than T3; T5 slightly shorter medially than T4; width gradually
increasing from T1 to T4 and T5.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This new species
resembles A. tenuipes Boliver in somewhat similar coloured mesosoma but
differs from it in not having all funicular segments longer than wide and in
having different colouration of the antennae and head.
16.
Anastatus (A.)leithi (Walker)
(Fig.
32)
Eupelmus
leithiWalker, 1872: 83, Lectotype female, India (Nr. Bombay) (BMNH) (examined),
designated by Bouček, 1979: 96.
Anastatus
leithi(Walker); Bouček, 1979: 96.
Material
examined
Lectotype
(Female), India: Bombay, B.M. Type # Hym. 5. 974.
Distribution
India
and Sri Lanka
Diagnosis
Lectotype: Female:
Length 3.18mm.
Colour: Body dark
brown; head metallic green with bronzy tints; antenna black with scape pale
brown; foreleg, hind tarsus and ovipositor sheath pale brown; ocelli red;
metasoma at base pale white. Forewing infumated as in figure 66, with hyaline
band below MV extending to junction of MV and STV; apex of forewing with
infumation thinner (weaker pigmentation); base of forewing behind SMV hyaline.
Head: 1.43x wider
than high in frontal view with reticulate sculpture; lower face with white
short hairs; MG distinct and straight; MS 0.4x EH, smoothly rounded to occiput;
eye red; inter antennal area convex; scrobe not deep, lateral margins carinate,
ending about one ocellar diameter before front ocellus; ocellar region slightly
raised, ocelli in a broad triangle; OOL = 5; POL = 25; vertex with posterior margin incurved and carinate. Antenna
with scape slightly expanded towards apex, curved, anellus as long as wide
(rest of antenna missing).
Mesosoma: Pronotum medially
divided by a line of weak sclerotization. Mesonotum with mesoscutum slightly
broader than long; MLM 0.48x length of mesoscutum, slightly reticulate punctate
but rest of mesoscutum finely sculptured; LLM with a shallow cross furrow in
posterior half; SAC almost in same plane and with sculpture similar to MLM;
axillae widely separated anteromedially. Metanotum with dorsellum broad,
convex. Propodeum with plical region
narrow, transverse, without median carina, posterior margin deeply concave.
Acropleuron longitudinally striate. Macropterous; MV almost equal to SMV
(38:40); PMV 2.4x STV.
Metasoma: Shorter than
mesosoma; finely sculptured; T1 longer than T2; posterior margin of T2 deeply
incised medially; posterior margin of T3 to T5 somewhat straight; posterior
margin of T6 convex; apex of last tergite with a stiffened slightly upturned
rim; ovipositor sheath protruding, 0.16x of metasoma and 0.23x length of hind
tibia.
Male: Unknown.
Host
Blister
galls on leaves of Duranta sp. (Verbenaceae) (Walker, 1872).
Remarks
The
lectotype female is not in a good condition. Scape, pedicel and anellus intact,
rest of antenna, mid legs and hind tarsi missing. Bouček (1979) stated
that A. leithi is very similar to A. ramakrishnai. However, A. leithi differs from A.
ramakrishnai in having 1: fore femur without denticle; 2) hyaline band is
almost equal in width throughout; 3) MV almost 2x as wide as length of STV
(measured to the apex of uncus); 4) apex of forewing weakly pigmented and looks
lighter than remaining infuscation and 5) ovipositor sheath not concealed.
17.
Anastatus (A.) libratus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
33-38)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
12.iii.1985 DZUC # MoEF 1644), coll. T.C. Narendran.
Paratypes: 3 females,
India: Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
14.v.1989, 8.v.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran (2); 1 Female, Kerala, Malappuram
Dt., Nilambur, 11016’N & 76014’E, 22.iv.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran (1).
Etymology
The species name
is an arbitrary combination of letters.
Description
Holotype: Female: Length
2.7mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green with bronzy tint on frons; IAA with purple tints; scape pale brownish yellow,
but rest of antenna black; eyes dark brown; ocelli pale reflecting yellow;
mesosoma yellowish-brown with pronotal spiracles black on rim; legs mostly
yellowish brown with midtarsi and midtibial spur pale brownish-yellow. Forewing infumate on distal 0.24 part and at
base’ remaining part inbetween hyaline.
Head: A little wider
than high in anterior view (69: 60), distinctly reticulate; ventral half of
frons with moderately dense pilosity; MS 0.55x EH in profile; MG slightly
curved towards posterior side; IAA coarsely reticulate; scrobe deep, margins
carinate, separated from front ocellus by 1.25x diameter of front ocellus;
scrobal impression reticulate; scrobe connected to front ocellus by fovea; OOL:
POL: LOL = 2: 5: 2. Relative
measurements of L:W of antennal segments: scape = 43: 7; pedicel = 10: 5;
anellus = 4: 4; F1 = 12: 5; F2 = 14: 5;
F3 = 12: 6; F4 = 12: 7; F5 = 8: 7; F6 = 8: 7; F7 = 8: 7; clava = 25: 9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with a
weak median groove, concave posteromedially. Mesonotum with MLM distinctly longer than broad, 0.66x length of
mesoscutum in dorsal view, almost flat, weakly reticulate; LLM smooth with
sharp raised dorsal margin; MLM sparsely pubescent, area between lateral lobes
behind MLM smooth and shiny with sparse pubescence; scutellar axillar complex
moderately reticulate; scutellum almost flat. Prepectus subrectangular, hardly reticulate. Acropleuron weakly and
longitudinally striate-reticulate. Brachypterous; not extending beyond posterior
margin of T1. Midtibial spur almost equal in length to mid basitarsus;
midtarsus with single row of dark pegs ventrally on either side on basal four
tarsal segments; hind basitarsus subequal to combined length of following three
segments.
Metasoma: Subequal in
length to mesosoma in dorsal view; 1.9x as long as wide; T1 2x as long as T2;
T3 as long as T2; T4 broadest and longer than T3; T5 to caudal end gradually
narrowed (Fig. 38). Ovipositor sheath
slightly exserted posteriorly.
Variation: Length
2.7-3.5mm. In larger specimens acropleuron
a little more brownish.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This new species
differs from all other brachypterous Indian species in having MLM almost flat
and SAC orange yellow.
18.
Anastatus (A.)mantoidae Motschulsky
(Fig.
39)
Anastatus
mantoidaeMotschulsky, 1859: 116. Lectotype female, Sri Lanka (ZMMS), designated by
Bouček, 1988: 550.
Anastatus
mantoidaeMotschulsky; Mani, 1938: 42.
Material
examined: None.
Distribution:Sri
Lanka (= Ceylon)
Diagnosis(based
on Bouček 1988 and Gibson 1995):
Female: Length 3.75mm.
Apical metasomal tergite is rounded but rather narrow (Fig. 988, Bouček
1988), its rim hardly upturned and the margin of T5 is rather deeply excised;
Forewing with only a circular infumate region behind STV and PMV and with a
paler spot anteriorly in the infumation but all setae brownish.
Male: Unknown.
Host: Ootheca of
praying mantis, Mantis sp. (Orthoptera: Mantidae).
Remarks
Figure
160 of Mani (1989) looks like a Podagrion (Torymidae). Hence it is difficult
whether the account given by Mani (1989) is applicable to the lectotype female
selected by Bouček (1988). Gibson
(1995) states that females of A. mantoidae lack the typical forewing
colour pattern of Anastatus. According to him all setae of forewing are
brownish and there is only a more or less circular infuscate region behind the
stigma and PMV.
19.
Anastatus (A.) mohanae Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
40-43)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Karnataka, Sukhalhetti Guest House, Lakavalli, 13042’N & 75040’E,
4.xii.2006 coll. K. Rajmohana DZUC # MoEF 1645.
Paratypes: 3 females,
India: Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
12.i.1989, 25.i.1989, 27.i.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party.
Etymology
Species name is
a combination of letters taken from part of the name of Dr. (Mrs). Rajmohana
who collected the holotype.
Description
Holotype: Female: Length
3.1mm.
Colour: Head metallic
green; eyes pale yellow with brownish patches; ocelli pale reflecting yellow; antenna
black with scape pale yellow; pronotum pale brownish-yellow with spiracular rim
black; mesonotum pale yellowish-brown with mesoscutum ecept LLM dark brown with
metallic green refringence; LLM pape brownish yellow; SAC black with metallic
green refringence; propodeum dark brown with middle part pale brownish-yellow;
late, prepectus pale brownish-yellow; acropleuron pale brownish-yellow with
apical part darker; legs mostly pale brownish-yellow with median parts of
femora slightly darker; gaster at base pale yellow. Forewing with two hyaline spots one behind
the other behind MV, basal part of forwing hyaline; apex of forewing weakly
pigmented (Fig.43).
Head: A little wider
than high in anterior view (69: 63), distinctly reticulate;, IAA and ventral
half of frons with moderately dense white pilosity; MS 0.36x EH; MG slightly
curved posteriorly; IAA slightly convex, well reticulate, with moderate dense
pubescence between toruli; area below IAA with moderately dense pubescence;
scrobe shallow, lateral margins carinate, separated from front ocellus by
diameter of front ocellus; scrobal impression reticulate; scrobe connected to
front ocellus by a shallow broad depression; OOL: POL: LOL = 1; 4: 2. Relative
measurements of L: W of antennal segments: scape = 31: 4; pedicel = 8: 4;
anellus = 4: 4; F1 = 8: 5; F2 = 7: 5; F3 = 8: 6; F4 = 8: 7; F5 = 7: 8; F6 = 7:
8; F7 = 9: 8; clava = 22: 8.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriomedially. Mesonotum with MLM distinctly
longer than broad, 0.71x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, a little convex,
distinctly reticulate-punctate; LLM faintly reticulate, mostly shiny; dorsal
margin not strong, with a fovea like cross depression; area beyond MLM between
lateral lobes concave, smooth and with scattered pubescence; scutellar axillar
complex well reticulate punctate; scutellum slightly convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, smooth. Acropleuron with
longitudinal striae. Macropterous; relative length of veins: SMV = 48; MV = 52;
PMV = 18; STV = 9. Mid tibial spur a
little shorter than mid basitarsus; mid tarsus with a single row of dark pegs
on either side on basal four segments; hind basitarsus as long as following two
segments combined.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma (21: 18); tergites with T1 longest and sinuate in posterior
margin at middle; T2 and T3 almost equal in length; T3 a little broader than
T2; T4 a little longer and broader than T3; T5 broadest and shorter than T4.
Ovipositor sheath slightly exserted posteriorly.
Variation: Length varies
from 2-3mm. The metallic green
refringence on head and gaster weaker than that of holotype. In one specimen
acropleuron a little darkish-brown.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
A. yasumatsui Shafee
resembles this new species in general appearance but differs in having MV not
longer than SMV; eyes with sparse pubescence and the metallic green refringence
spread on all mesoscutum.
20.
Anastatus (A.) ochirasis Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
44-47)
Material
examined.
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus 2.1, 1107’N & 7505’E,
22.iii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran, DZUC # MoEF1647.
Etymology
The species name
is formed from the Greek words ‘ochros’ meaning pale yellow, indicating the
pale yellow colour of the mesosoma and gaster.
Description.
Holotype: Female: Length
3mm.
Colour: Head with dark
metallic green refringence; eye grayish yellow; ocelli pale reflecting yellow;
antenna with scape, pedicel, anellus, F1- to F3 pale yellow, F4 pale
yellowish-brown and F5–clava black; mandible brown with teeth darker; mesosoma
pale yellow on pronotum, anterior part of mesoscutum, acropleuron and
prepectus, but dark metallic green on remaining parts of mesoscutum and on
scutellar axillar complex; legs pale yellow, with pretarsus dark brown; metasoma
pale yellow with apical half of T1 and T2 completely pale white. Forewing infumate with a hyaline band behind
MV, outer margin of band accutr, base of forwing hyaline, apex les pigmed.
Head: A little wider than long high in
anterior view (64: 61), reticulate; frons and face with moderately dense short
white pubescence; MS 0.36x EH in profile; MG straight but weak; IAA convex,
reticulate punctate; scrobe shallow, lateral margins carinate, separated from
front ocellus a distance equal to diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate;
OOL: POL: LOL = 2: 3: 2. Relative measurements of L: W of antennal segments:
scape = 29: 5; pedicel = 6: 4; anellus = 3: 3; F1 = 8: 4; F2 = 10: 5; F3 = 9: 6; F4 = 7: 8; F5
= 5: 8; F6 = 6: 8; F7=6: 8; clava = 22: 9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with a
weak median line, shallowly concave posteromedially. Mesonotum with MLM
slightly broader than long, 0.63x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, finely
reticulate punctate; LLM, finely reticulate with sharp dorsal margins,
interspace between lateral lobes reticulate and depressed; mesoscutum with
moderately dense pubescence on all sides, without forming rows; scutellar
axillar complex moderately reticulate; scutellum convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, weakly reticulate. Acropleuron weakly reticulate and with
longitudinally arranged short sulci. Macropterous; relative length of veins:
SMV = 39; MV = 36; PMV = 15; STV = 7. Mid tibial spur a little shorter than mid basitarsus; mid tarsus with
single row of dark pegs ventrally on either side on basal three segments; hind
basitarsus as long as following three segments combined.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma, gradually increasing in width from T1 to T4; (Fig. 47); T1
longer than T2;T3 about 1.4x median length of T2; T4 a little shorter than T3;
T5 as long as T4. Ovipositor sheath not
exserted beyond apex of gaster.
Host: Unknown
Remarks
This new species
is based on a single specimen, but it is described here because it is unique in
its antennal and forewing colour pattern.
21.
Anastatus (A.) operosus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
48-50)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
10.ii.1989, DZUC # MoEF 1646.
Etymology
The species name
taken from the Latin word ‘operosus’, meaning difficult,
indicating difficulty in identifying the species.
Description
Female: Length 2.3mm.
Colour: Head dark brown
with bronze refringence; eye pale yellow; ocelli brown; antenna dark brown with
scape pale yellow; pronotum pale brownish-yellow with rim of spiracles dark
brown with metallic green refringence; mesoscutum dark brown with bronze
refringence on MLM and SAC; propodeum dark brown on sides, pale brownish-yellow
on median part ; gaster black with T1 (mostly) pale yellow, sides of mesosoma
including acropleuron pale brownish-yellow; legs pale yellowish-brown with
bases and apices of mid and hind femur and tibia slightly paler. Forewing infumate with transeverse hyaline
band below MV, outer margin of hyaline band acutely narrowed at middle(Fig. 50); area behind SMV hyaline.
Head: Wider than high
in anterior view (88:70), strongly reticulate; IAA and area below IAA with
moderately dense pubescence; MS 0.4x EH; MG straight; IAA slightly raised,
convex, reticulate; scrobe shallow, lateral margins moderately carinate,
separated from front ocellus by diameter of front ocellus; scrobal impression
reticulate; OOL: POL: LOL = 1: 4: 3. Relative measurements of L: W of antennal
segments: scape = 31: 6; pedicel = 11: 6; anellus = 4: 5; F1 = 7: 5; F2 = 9: 6;
F3 = 11: 7; F4 = 9: 8; F5 = 8: 9; F6 = 8: 9; F7 = 6: 10; clava = 31: 10.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
weak median groove, concave medially. Mesonotum with MLM as long as broad,
0.62x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, a little convex, strongly
reticulate-punctate, and sparsely pubescent; LLM smooth and shiny, without
sharp dorsal margin, almost flat; area between lateral lobes behind MLM
concave, faintly reticulate and sparsely pubescent; scutellar-axillar complex
well reticulate; scutellum slightly convex. Prepectus subtriangular, weakly reticulate. Acropleuron granulate-reticulate.
MacropterousS; relative length of veins: SMV = 39; MV = 42; PMV = 16;STV = 8.
Mid tibial spur a little shorter than mid basitarsus; mid tarsus with a single
row of dark pegs on either side on basal four segments; hind basitarsus almost
as long as following three segments combined.
Metasoma: Subequal to
length of mesosoma; T1 longer than T2; T2 to T3 almost subequal in length; T5
broadest. Ovipositor sheath hardly exserted posteriorly.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This
species may be likely to get misidentified on two accounts: careful observation
is necessary to note that the hyaline band really reaches the junction of MV
and STV and the acute portion of the outer margin of the hyaline band does not
actually touch the posterior margin of the band deviding the band into
two. Hence the name operosus.
22.
Anastatus (A.) phaeonotus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
51-55)
Material examined.
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Alappey Dt., Kayamkulam, Onattukara, 9°10’N & 76°30’E, RRS,
19.iv.2004, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party, DZUC # MoEF 7.
Paratypes: 11 females,
India: Kerala, Alappey, Kayamkulam, 805'N & 77031’E, 20.11.1989, coll. Anil,
K (3); Kerala, Thrissur Dt., Peechi 10031’N & 76013’E, 5.ii.1989, coll.
T.C. Narendran & Party (2); Kerala, Thrissur Dt., Vazhani 10º38’N 76º19’E,
8.ii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Kerala, Palghat Dt.,
Malampuzha, 10053’N & 76046’E, 4.i.1986, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party
(1); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E,
16.iv.1989, coll. K. Anil (2); Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Calicut University
Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E, 28.ii.1985 coll. T.C. Narendran (1); Kerala,
Malappuram Dt., Kadakattupara (near Calicut University Campus), 1107’N &
7505’E, 9.ii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran (1).
Etymology
The species name is formed from the
Greek words ‘phaios’, meaning dusky brown, and ‘notos’, meaning back,
indicaating the colour of the notum of the mesosoma.
Description
Holotype: Female: Length
2.8mm.
Colour: Head black with
metallic green refringence on gena, temples, scrobe and face; eye brown with
margins around paler; ocelli pale reflecting yellow; scape pale
brownish-yellow; pedicel dark brown with metallic green refringence; remaining
antennal segments dark brown; pronotum pale yellowish-brown with posterior
spiracular area black; mesoscutum yellowish-brown with slight metallic green
refringence on LLM and area posterior to MLM; scutellar-axillar complex
blackish-brown; metanotum pale yellowish-brown; propodeum brown; gaster brown
except T2 and apical marginal area of T1 pale white. Legs yellowish-brown with
apex of mid tibia, mid tibial spur, mid tarsus, and basal 3 tarsal segments of
hind tarsus pale yellow. Forewing with two broad infumated area separated from
each other by a hyaline cross band behind MV, outer margin of hyaline band
gently curving (Fig. 54), base of forewing behind SMV hyaline; apex of wing
less pigmented.
Head: Wider than high in anterior view
(72: 57), coarsely reticulate; frons and face with short white pubescence; MS
0.45x EH in profile; MG straight; IAA convex and strongly reticulate; scrobe
shallow, lateral margins carinate; scrobe separated from front ocellus by
diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate; front ocellus connected to scrobe
by a median sulcus; OOL: POL: LOL = 1: 4: 3. Relative measurement of L: W of
antennal segments: scape = 36: 5; pedicel = 8: 5; anellus = 4: 5; F1 = 11: 5;
F2 = 10: 6; F3 = 12: 6; F4 = 9: 7; F5 = 8: 7; F6 = 7: 7; F7 = 7: 7; clava = 25:
8.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, moderately concave posteromedially. Mesonotum with MLM
a little longer than broad (17: 15), 0.53x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view,
finely reticulate; LLM weakly reticulate, shiny, with sharp dorsal margin;
interspace between dorsal margins of lateral lobes shallowly concave, smooth
and shiny; mesoscutum sparsely pubescent; scutellar axillar complex strongly
reticulate; scutellum moderately convex. Prepectus subtriangular, faintly reticulate, mostly smooth and shiny.
Acropleuron faintly reticulate. Macropterous; relative length of veins: SMV = 42; MV = 42; PMV = 15; STV
= 9. Midtibial spur shorter than basitarsus; mid tarsus with single row of dark
pegs ventrally on either side on basal three segments; hind basitarsus subequal
to following three segments combined.
Metasoma: Longer than
mesosoma (13: 10); T1 as long as T2,posterior margin slightly sinuate ; T2
shorter than T3 ,posterior margin slightly sinuate; T3 longer than T1 or
T2 ; T4 shorter than T5; T4 and T5
broadest. Ovipositor sheath very
slightly exserted.
Variation: Length varies
from 2.5-2.8mm. The metallic refringence
is weak in some specimens.
Hosts: Unknown
Remarks
This new species
can be confused with A. bifasciatus (Geoffroy) but A.bifasciatus differs
from this new species in having metallic green refringence on LM; metasoma
distinctly shorter than 2x its width, and MLM relatively much longer than that
of A. phaonotus.
23.
Anastatus (A.) quilonicus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
56-57)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Ouilon Dt., Santhamkottai, and 12.vii.2004. coll. T.C. Narendran, DZUC
# MoEF 1648.
Etymology
The species is
named after the district Quilon from where the holotype is collected.
Description
Female: Length 4.27mm.
Colour: Black with
following parts as follows: scape pale yellow; frons, gena, scrobe and MLM with
bronze refringence (seen only under certain angles of illumination); tegulae
and prepectus pale yellowish-brown; base of metasoma pale yellowish-white;
pronotum pale brownish-yellow with spiracular rim black; eye gray, ocelli pale
reflecting yellow; legs dark brown with paler strips, mid and hind tarsi pale
yellow; pegs of mid tarsus black; wings infumate with two hyaline patches (Fig.
57) one below the other behind MV,. With a pale bown patch below parastigma and
a hyaline area behind SMV.
Head: A little wider
than high in anterior view (19: 17); width in dorsal view 2.5x dorsal length
between anterior (outer) distal margin of front ocellus and occipital margin;
frons, vertex, face and gena distinctly reticulate, with moderately dense white
pubescence on face and IAA; MS 0.29x EH; MG slightly curved towards posterior
side; IAA convex, coarsely reticulate; scrobe deep, reticulate, side margins
carinate, separated from front ocellus by diameter of front ocellus, connected
to front ocellus by a shallow fovea; front ocellus separated from eye by
diameter of front ocellus; OOL:POL:LOL = 2:6:3. Relative measurements of L:W of
antennal segments: scape = 35: 7; pedicel = 8: 6; anellus = 4: 5; F1 = 12: 5;
F2 = 12: 7; F3 = 14: 7; F4 = 10: 8; F5 = 9: 8; F6 = 8: 8; F7 = 8: 8; clava =
21: 8.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with a
median groove, concave posteromedially. Mesonotum with MLM longer than broad
(11:7), 0.73x length of mesoscutum in dorsal viw, moderately pubescent, convex,
well reticulate; LLM faintly reticulate, with sharp raised dorsal margin on
posterior half; scutellar-axillar complex punctate; scutellum convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, weakly reticulate. Acropleuron longitudinally striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative
length of veins: SMV = 42; MV = 40; PMV = 20; STV = 7. Midtibial spur little longer than mid basitarsus (15: 14);
midtarsus with a single row of dark pegs ventrally on either side on basal four
segments; hind basitarsus a little shorter than combined length of following
three segments combined.
Metasoma: Subequal to or
a trifle longer than mesosoma (16: 15);T1 longest, its posterior margin sinuate
at middle;T2 shorter than T3 and almost equal to T5; T3 longer than T4; T5
shorter than T4; T6 convex at posterior margin. Ovipositor sheath not exserted.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This species
comes near A. acherontiae in general appearance but differs in having:
forewing from base of its insertion below tegula never reaches apex of
metastoma and body without metallic green refringence.
24.Anastatus (A.) ramakrishnai (Mani)
(Figs.
58-60)
Neanastatus
ramakrishnaiMani, 1935: 255. Female, India, Howrah (ZSI).
Anastatus
ramakrishnai(Mani); Hayat, 1975: 263.
Anastatus
dentatus Narayanan,
Subba Rao & Ramachandra Rao, 1960: 173. Female (holotype), male, INDIA, New
Delhi (lost?) Syn. Nov.
Material
examined
39
females, India: Kerala, Alappey Dt., Kayamkulam, CPCRI, 9010’N & 76030'E,
10.v.1999, emerged from Pentatomid eggs, coll. Chandrika Mohan (22); Kerala,
Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E, 8.ix.2001,
coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Malappuram Dt., Calicut University
Campus, 11º7’N & 75º5’E, Feb. 1980, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1);
Kerala, Malappuram Dt., Nilambur, 11º16'N & 76º14’E, 1.v.1982, coll. T.C.
Narendran & Party (10); Himachal Pradesh, Mandi Gutkar, 22.vi.2006, coll.
S.M.A. Badruddin & F.R. Khan (2); Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 3.viii.2003, Paul
Raj (1); Uttar Pradesh, Saranpur, 25.vii.1983, S.C. Dehiman (1); Kerala,
Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 11º7’N & 75º5'E, 11.iv.1989,
coll. K. Anil (1).
Description
Female: Length
2.5-3.18mm. Body dark brown to black, in
part metallic; head bluish-green and bronzy, the latter more intense on
frontovertex; scape yellowish-brown, rest of antenna dark brown; dorsum of
mesosoma black with bronze refringence except concave area behind MLM with
bluish-green or green refringence; pronotum black with bluish violet
refringence (in some specimens pronotum yellowish-brown with spiracular rim
black); scutellar axillar complex black; prepectus usually black with basal
part brown, but in some specimens mostly yellowish-brown; acropleuron black or
in some specimens brown with apical part black; metanotum and propodeum black
or dark brown; legs dark brown or in a few specimens brown to lighter brown,
but with bases and apices of tibiae, and tarsi slightly less dark (in one
specimen tarsi pale); pegs of mid tarsus black. Forewing infumate with a
hyaline cross band behind MV and another hyaline part below SMV (Fig. 57);
outer margin of hyaline band behind MV not acutely bend but only slightly curved;
hyaline band not extending to junction of MV and STV.
Head: wider than high
in anterior view, reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons with moderate dense
pilosity. MS 0.33-.35x EX in side view;
MG curved at middle towards posterior side; IAA moderately convex, reticulate
,with moderately dense pubescence; scrobe not deep, channel like,
reticulate, posteriorly shallow, lateral
margins carinate, separated from front ocellus by a distance a little more than
diameter of front ocellus; OOL:POL:LOL = 1:4:3. Relative measurements of L;W of
antennal segments: scape = 37:4; pedicel= 8:3; anellus= 3:2; F1= 8:3; F2=
8.5:3; F3= 10:5; F4= 7:5; F5=7:5; F6= 7:5; F7= 5:5; clava= 22:5.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave medially. Mesoscutum with MLM distinctly longer
than broad, 0.65 – 0.67x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, with raised
reticulations; LLM distinctly reticulate (weakly reticulate in some specimens
from Kerala), posteriorly with moderately raised dorsal margin; area beyond MLM
and between LLM moderately concave, smooth and shiny with sparse or no
pubescence. SAC with raised reticulation; scutellum slightly convex. Prepectus subtriangular, weakly reticulate.
Acropleuron distinctly reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of forewing veins: SMV = 26; MV=19; PMV=
9.5; STV = 4. Fore femur with a distinct
subapical tooth(Fig.58); midtibial spur equal in length of midbasitarsus;
hindbasitarsus almost as long as following 3 segments combined.
Metasoma: slightly
shorter than mesosoma; T1 longest, its posterior margin sinuate at middle; T2
to T5 subequal in length and with posterior margins slightly sinuate at middle;
T4 broadest; T6 convex posteriorly.
Variation: The metallic
green refringence on head and area between LLM vary from weak to strong. In a
few specimens T3 longer than T2 or T4 and sinuation of posterior margins of T3
to T5 not distinct. Rarely metasoma is
almost equal to mesosoma in a few specimens.
Male: For description
see Hayat (1975).
Distribution
INDIA
(Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Delhi, Bihar, Kerala (new record),
Tamil Nadu (new record).
Host
Lepidopterous
eggs on Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) (Hayat, 1975) and eggs ofHalys dentata Fabricius and Tessaratoma javanica (Thumb.) (Heteroptera:
Pentatomidae) (Narayanan et al. 1960).
Remarks
The description
of A. dentatus clearly shows that it is conspecific with A.
ramakrishnai, as first suggested by Hayat (1975). The African Anastatus
axiagasti Ferriere comes very near to A.ramakrishnai but A.
ramakrishnai differs in having pedicel length more than one-fourth of
scape, F1 more than 2x as long as wide; clava distinctly not shorter than
combined length of three preceeding segments.
25.Anastatus (A.) rufopostumus Narendran sp. nov.
(Figs.
61-65)
Material
examined
Holotype: Female, India:
Kerala, Thrissur, 10º28’N & 76º18’E, 4.xii.1988, coll. T.C. Narendran &
Party, DZUC # MoEF 1643.
Paratypes: 4 females,
India: Kerala, Palghat Dt., Silent Valley, 11°04'N & 76°79' E, 9.xii.1987,
coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Kerala, Wayanad Dt., Muthanga, 11°12’N
& 76°15’E, 7.x.1985, coll. T.C. Narendran & Party (1); Kerala,
Malappuram Dt., Calicut University Campus, 1107’N & 7505’E, 22.iii.1989
(2).
Etymology
The species name
is taken from the Latin words ‘rufo’, meaning red, and ‘postumus’, meaning
hindmost, indicating red colour of T7.
Description
Holotype: Female: Length
3.3mm. Head black with slight coppery
refringence on frons; occiput, temple, gena and face below toruli metallic
green; eye gray; ocelli dark brown; antenna dark brown with scape pale
yellowish-brown; pronotum yellow with spiracular part black; mesoscutum pale
yellowish-brown; scutellar axillar complex dark brown; propodeum black;
prepectus pale yellow; acropleuron yellowish-brown; legs dark brown with fore
and mid coxae lighter brown, mid tarsus pale yellow with pegs black and fore
and hind tarsus pale brownish-yellow; gaster with T1 and T2 whitish-yellow; T3
to T6 dark brown, T7 reddish-brown. Wings infumate with hyaline patch below SMV (except base); distal
infumate part of forewing with a lighter
yellowish pigmented area medially.
Head: A little wider
than high in anterior view (68: 63), distinctly reticulate; frons, face and
gena with moderately dense white pubescence; MS 0.33x EH in profile; MG
slightly bent posteriorly before joining lower margin of MS; IAA coarsely
reticulate; scrobe deep, lateral margins carinate, separated from front ocellus
by diameter of front ocellus; scrobal impression cross reticulate; front
ocellus connected to scrobe by a weak groove (Fig. 61); OOL:POL:LOL =
2:3:2.5. Relative measurements of L:W of
antennal segments: scape = 35:7; pedicel = 10:5; anellus = 3:4; F1 = 10:5; F2 =
12:6; F3 = 13:7; F4 = 10:7; F5 = 9:7; F6 = 7:8; F7 = 7:8; clava = 18:9.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove; concave postero-medially. Mesonotum with MLM distinctly
longer than broad, 0.57x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, not strongly
convex, nearly flat, distinctly reticulate; LLM smooth and shiny, with sharp
raised dorsal margin on anterior and posterior halves, MLM sparsely pubescent;
area between lateral lobe behind MLM depressed, smooth and shiny with
pubescence; scutellar-axillar complex moderately reticulate; scutellum slightly
convex. Prepectus subtriangular, weakly
reticulate. Acropleuron finely and longitudinally striate reticulate.
Brachypterous.Forwing extending not beyond posterior margin of T1. Mid tibial
spur subequal to mid basitarsus; mid tarsus with single row of black pegs
ventrally on either side on basal three tarsal segments; hind basitarsus a
little longer than following three segments (but shorter than following 4
segments) combined.
Metasoma: A little longer
than mesosoma (13: 11),1.8x as long as broad; T1 1.75x as long as T2; T3
slightly longer than T2 and slightly broader than T2; T4 slightly longer and
broader than T3; T5 broadest and shorter than T4;T6 and T7 narrower than T5
(Fig. 65). Ovipositor sheath exserted
(Fig. 35).
Variation: Length 2.6 –
3.3mm. Acropleuron more yellowish brown
and head with slight metallic refringence in some specimens. MLM 0.57 to
0.64x length of mesoscutum.
Host: Unknown.
Remarks
This species can
be confused with A. hayati in general features but can be easily
distinguished in having T7 reddish-brown, non-pointed clava, relatively longer
scape scape, and different colour patterns.
26.
Anastatus (A.) tenuipes Bolivar
(Figs.
66-67)
Anastatus
tenuipes Bolivar
y Pieltain, 1925: 43. Female, Egypt (USNM).
Anastatus
blattidarum Ferrière,
1930: 33. Female, Sudan (BMNH) (examined). Synonymy by Ferrière 1960: 246.
Solindenia
blattiphagusMani, 1936: 131. Female, male (holotype), India (ZSI). Synonymy by Ferrière 1938: 84.
Anastatus
WaneiRisbec, 1951. Female, Senegal (MNHN). Synonymy by Bouček 1976: 350.
Material
examined
25
females, Holotype of A. blattidarum Ferriere.Sudan (Khartoum) (BMNH #
Hym.5: 1017); India: Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, 27º54’N & 78º4’E, 20.iv.1978,
4.ix.1979, 10.ix.1980, 15.iii.1981 (4); Aligarh, 27º54’N & 78º4’E,
13.viii.1983, 28.viii.1983, 5.viii.1983, 11.vii.1983, 29.ix.1983, 20.viii.1984,
21.vii.1983 (20).
Redescription
Female: Length
2.5-3.5mm. Body brownish-yellow to brown
or black with reddish-blue refringence; head green with coppery refringence;
scape pale yellow or yellowish-brown; pedicel pale yellow or dark brown; rest
of antenna black or dark brown; mesosoma lemon brown with black infuscation;
pronotum with spiracular rim black; mesoscutum with posterior half with purple
violet refringence; legs brown with some infuscation in part; tarsal segments
yellowish-brown or pale white; distal part of T1 and T2 completely white, rest
of segments black. Forewing infumate
with basal part and a curved cross band below MV hyaline; hyaline band not
extending upto junction of MV and STV.
Head: wider than high
in anterior view, reticulate; IAA and ventral half of frons with sparse white
hairs. MS 0.60-0.63 EH in side view; MG curved at middle towards posterior
side; IAA convex, distinctly reticulate; scrobe shallow, channel like, lateral
margin carinate, separated from front ocellus by about one ocellar or half
ocellar diameter of front ocellus; scrobe reticulate, connected to front
ocellus by a narrow depression; OOL: POL:LOL = 5:20:10. Relative measurements
of L:W of antennal segments: scape = 30:3; pedicel = 7:2; anellus = 2:2; F1 =
9:3; F2 = 10:2; F3 = 11:3; F4 = 8:3; F5 = 7:3; F6= 6:3; F7 = 6:4; clava = 20:5.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriormedially. Mesoscutum with MLM
distinctly longer than broad, 0.64-0.67x length of mesoscutum in dorsal view,
convex, with moderately raised reticulation; LLM weakly reticulate, posteriorly
with sharp raised dorsal margin; area beyond MLM and between LLM weakly
concave, mostly smooth and shiny with very sparse or no pubescence. SAC very
strongly reticulate-punctate; scutellum slightly convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, shiny. Acropleuron
longitudinally striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of forewing
veins: SMV = 36; MV = 31; PMV= 15; STV = 7.5. Midtibial spur a little shorter
than midbasitarsus; midtarsus with a single row of dark pegs ventrally on
either side on basal three segments (in some specimens a dark peg on either side at distal ventral
margin of 4th tarsal segment present); hind basitarsus almost equal to combined
length of following 3 segments.
Metasoma: as long as or a
little longer than mesosoma; T1 longest, posterior margin incised at middle; T2
shorter than T3; T4 and T5 subequal in length to T3; T6 convex posteriorly, T7
and T5 subequal in length to T3; T6 convex posteriorly, T7 with slightly
upturned rim at apex.
Variation: already
provided in the text above.
Male: For description
see Ferriere (1935) and Hayat (1975).
Destribution
India
(Karnataka, RajasthanUttar Pradesh, West Bengal,). Also distributed in Europe,
Africa and Americas (For details Noyes 2003).
Host
Periplaneta
americanaL.and Blattia spp. ootheca (Blattaria: Blattidae); Phyllodromiasp., Supella longipalpa (F.) and Supella supellectilium(Serville) (Blattaria: Blattellidae) (Noyes 2003).
Remarks
A.
BlattidifuraxGirault, which is known to attack ootheca of a cockroach from Queensland,
Australia differs from A. tenuipes in having: 1) F7 a little wider than
long (longer than wide in A. tenuipes); 2) F7 Shorter than half length
of F1 (F7 not shorter than half length of F1 in A. tenuipes); 3) Body
dark metallic blue (in A. tenuipes body mostly yellowish-brown or brown
with reddish-blue refringence and head with metallic green refringence); 4)
Hyaline band curved (hyaline band angulated in most female A. tenuipes).
27.
Anastatus (A.) yasumatsui Shafee
Anastatus
yasumatsuiShafee, 1973: 135. Female India, Bangalore (ZDAMU).
Material
Examined
3
females, India: Kerala, Panayathamparamba (Near Kannur Airport), 11°54’32E
& 75°30’27N, Agri. Field, 23.xii.2007, coll. N.K. Seena (1); Kerala,
Alappey Dt., Kayamkulam, 9°0’N & 76°30’E, 20.ii.1989, coll. T.C. Narendran
(1); Karnataka, Karwar, 12.x.2001, coll. Raji (1).
Distribution:India
(Karnataka and Kerala (new record for Kerala))
Redescription
Female: Length
3.1mm. Head metallic with reddish-green
refringence; radicle and scape brownish, remaining antennal segments dark;
mesosoma metallic with bluish-green refringence; forewing infuscate with two
hyaline patches below MV; hyaline patch not touching junction of MV and STV;
base of forewing slightly infuscated but area behind anterior three-fourths of
SMV hyaline; apical part of forewing not very distinctly separated by weaker
pigmentation. Metasoma dark with
metallic refringence and basal segment yellow. Eyes with sparse pubescence.
Head: A little wider
than long in anterior view, reticulate;IAA and ventral half of frons coarsely reticulate
and with moderately dense pilosity; IAA broadly convex with raised median
longitudinal carina at base; eyes very sparsely pubescent; MS 0.33-0.35x EH in
side view; MG slightly curved at middle towards posterior side; scrobe
moderately deep channel like, posteriorly slightly shallower than anteriorly,
lateral margins carinate, separated from front ocellus by a diameter of front
ocellus (or by slightly longer distance), connected to front ocellus by a
distinct groove; OOL:POL:LOL = 2:6:3. Relative measurements of L:W of antennal
segments : scape = 27:5; pedice = 6:3; anellus = 2:3; F1 = 8:3.5; F2 = 8:4; F4
= 8:4; F4 = 7:5; F5 = 6:6; F6 = 5:6; F7 = 5:7; clava = 17:7.
Mesosoma: Pronotum with
distinct median groove, concave posteriormedially. Mesonotum with MLM longer than broad, 0.58x
length of mesoscutum in dorsal view, convex, distinctly raised reticulation;
LLM distinctly reticulate, dorsal margin raised sharply on posterior half; area
beyond MLM and between LLM deeply concave, smooth and shiny, with very sparse
pubescence; SAC similarly sculptured as MLM; scutellum convex. Prepectus
subtriangular, faintly reticulate.
Acropleuron striate-reticulate. Macropterous; relative lengths of forewing
veins: SMV = 20; MV = 22; PMV = 9; STV = 4. Midtibial spur as long as (slightly
longer in one specimen) midbasitarsus; midtarsus with a row of black pegs on
either side ventrally on basal three segments; hindbasitarsus as long as
following three segments combined.
Metasoma: longer than
mesosoma; T1 longer than T2, its posterior margin sinuate at middle; T2 to T4
subequal in length; T5 slightly shorter than T4; T4 broadest.
Variation: In
original description midtibial spur is
stated to be a little shorter than midbasitarsus; scape L:W= 27:3. Other
variations are metioned in the text above.
Host
Ooetheca
of unidentified cockroach on Acacia arabica (Lam.) (Fabaceae).
Remarks
A. amarus and A.
cherontiae come very near A. yasumatsui in general appearance but A.
yasumatsui differs from these species in having: the hyaline spot behind MV
not extending to junction of MV and STV; eyes without puescence and hind
basitarsus as long as following two segments combined.
28.
Anastatus (Cladanastatus) madagascariensis (Risbec)
(Fig.
68)
Oodera
madagascariensisRisbec, 1952: 143, Madagascar (MNHN).
Ooderella madagascariensis(Risbec); Hedqvist, 1970: 441 new combination.
Anastatus
(Cladanastatus) madagascariensis (Risbec); Bouček, 1988: 550.New
combination
Anastatus (Cladanastatus)umae Bouček, 1979: 93, female (holotype), India, Kambalpalli
(BMNH). Synonymized with A.
madagascariensis by Bouček, 1988: 550.
Material
examined
None.
Distribution: India (Andhra
Pradesh, Karnataka).
Diagnosis(based
on Bouček 1979 and Gibson 1995)
Blackish-purple
with violaceous gloss in certain places. Head relatively flat menuscoidal with
black setae; MLM reddish-purple; antennae (Fig. 68) relatively long with F1
conspicously longer than clava, more than 2x as long as pedicel; forewing
extensively infuscate in distal two-thirds, paler only below marginal vein
(Bouček 1979, Fig. 18) and at apical margin, basal third subhyaline but
with infuscate area at base, a curved streak below end of basal cell and fuscus
streak on middle of SMV.
Male
Antenna
with F1 to F4 relatively short and each with a dorsal ramus; F5 as long as the
ramus of F4 (Bouček 1979, Fig. 21).
Host
Ootheca
of Neostylopyga rombifolia (Stoll.) and Periplaneta americana(Linn.) (Blattaria: Blattidae).
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