Journal of Threatened Taxa |
www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 October 2021 | 13(12): 19849–19854
ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) | ISSN 0974-7893
(Print)
https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6856.13.12.19849-19854
#6856 | Received 03 November 2020 | Finally
accepted 05 October 2021
New distribution records of Begonia
L., B. murina Craib
and B. poilanei Kiew
(Begoniaceae: Cucurbitales)
for Laos
Phongphayboun Phonepaseuth
1, Phetlasy Souladeth
2, Soulivanh Lanorsavanh
3, Shuichiro Tagane4 , Thyraphon Vongthavone 5 & Keooudone
Souvannakhoummane 6
1 Faculty of Environmental
Sciences, National University of Laos, Dongdok
Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos.
2 Faculty of Forestry Science,
National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos.
3,6 Faculty of Natural Science,
National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos.
4 The Kagoshima University Museum,
Kagoshima University, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima,
890-0065, Japan.
5 Association for Community
Development (ACD), Salavan Province, Laos.
1 p.phonepaseuth@nuol.edu.la, 2
p.souladeth@nuol.edu.la, 3 biokklano@yahoo.com, 4 stagane29@gmail.com,
5 thyraphon@gmail.com,
6 keooudone1988@gmail.com
(corresponding author)
Editor: Anonymity
requested. Date of publication:
26 October 2021 (online & print)
Citation: Phonepaseuth, P., P. Souladeth,
S. Lanorsavanh, S. Tagane,
T. Vongthavone & K. Souvannakhoummane
(2021). New distribution records of Begonia
L., B. murina Craib
and B. poilanei Kiew
(Begoniaceae: Cucurbitales)
for Laos. Journal of Threatened Taxa 13(12): 19849–19854. https://doi.org/10.11609/jott.6856.13.12.19849-19854
Copyright: © Phonepaseuth et al. 2021. Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use, reproduction, and
distribution of this article in any medium by providing adequate credit to the
author(s) and the source of publication.
Funding: Botanical survey in Bolaven supported by Nagao Natural Environment
Foundation. Botanical survey in central
Laos by
Sud Expert Plantes
Développement Durable programme (AAP3-96)
Competing interests: The authors
declare no competing interests.
Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Sackda Phasavaeng, Visala Chounlamany, and Sisavath Chansavang for guiding
the first author to Khammouan Province. The authors
are grateful to the managers and staff of Dong Hua Sao National Protected Area
for their permission to collect specimens in Bolaven
Plateau. Thanks to Mark Hughes, Che-Wei Lin, and Thamarat
Phutthai for their comments in species
identification. We would also like to thank the curators of the herbaria FOF
and HNL for their specimens accessible. Thank to Nagao Natural Environment
Foundation, Japan for finance support field work in Bolaven
plateau and thank you to the Sud Expert Plantes Développement Durable program (project AAP3-96) for
supporting field trip in Central Laos.
Abstract: Begonia murina
Craib from central and B. poilanei
Kiew from southern of Laos, are newly recorded in
Laos. Based on Lao materials, detailed description, photographs, and notes on
habitat, ecology, & taxonomic discussion of these two species compared with
the Chinese, Thai, & Vietnamese types are provided.
Keyword: Bolaven plateau, description, flora of
Laos, limestone karst, new record, taxonomic discussion.
Begonia L. (Begoniaceae)
is one of the largest genera of angiosperms, comprising 1,989 accepted species
(Hughes et al. 2015–). In Laos, 28 species have been recorded, nine of which
are endemic (Ding et al. 2020; Lanorsavanh et al.
2020; Souvannakhoummane et al. 2020). The limestone
karst in Laos is interesting for plant diversity, and several new species of Begonia
were described, including B. cladotricha M.
Hughes (Hughes 2007); B. viscosa Aver. &
H.Q. Nguyen (Averyanov & Nguyen 2012); B. khammouanensis Souvann. &
Lamxay; B. hinnamnoensis
Souvann. & Lanors. (Souvannakhoummane et al. 2018); B. tatianae
Aver; B. quadripetiolata Aver. & H.Q.
Nguyen (Averyanov et al. 2019).
During our field surveys in Khammouan and Bolikhamxay
provinces, central Laos in June–August 2019 & July–August 2020, and Champasak province, southern Laos in September 2020, we
found two species of Begonia that morphologically placed in sect. Diploclinium (Lindl.)
A.DC. after carefully checking relevant literature and comparing with herbarium
specimens: FOF, HNL and KAG, as well as online specimen data and images of type
available at Begonia Resource Centre (Hughes et al. 2015–). The first species
was identified as Begonia murina Craib, which can be recognized by small globose
tuber and glandular hairs indumentum in all parts, red striation on ovary and
fruit, these features had been known only in Thailand (Phutthai
et al. 2019). The second species is B. poilanei
Kiew which is characterized by elongated cylindric
tuber and known from southern Vietnam and China (Kiew
2007; Tian 2014; Peng et al. 2014). We here report these two taxa as new to the
flora of Laos, along with their description based on Lao materials,
photographs, distribution map. Consequently, the diversity of Begonia in
Laos is increased to 30 species. The descriptions were made based on the living
plants, alcohol preserved and herbarium specimens. The terminology follows Phutthai et al. (2019).
Begonia murina Craib
(Figure 1, Image 1)
in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 83: 66.
1928; Hughes & Peng, 300 Spec. Port. Asian Begonia: 216. 2018; Phutthai et al., Fl. Thailand 14(3): 401. 2019.
Monoecious rhizomatous lithophytic herb, up to 15 cm tall. Rhizome tuber,
small globose, smooth, light red to reddish brown, 3–5 mm in diameter, with
many additional fibrous roots. Stemless or very short to 1 cm long,
reddish, pilose. Leaves 3–5 per plant; petiole 5–9 cm long, 2–3
mm in diam., reddish, puberulous; blade asymmetric,
ovate to lanceolate, 5–6 × 8–9 cm, apex acute, base cordate, margin dentate,
covered with sparse short hairs, veins 4–5 per side, puberulous
on both sides, adaxial surface green, abaxial surface paler. Inflorescence axillary
near terminal cyme; peduncle erect, 6−10 cm long, puberulent, branched 2 times,
with 2–4 male flowers and 1–2 female flowers per branch; bracts narrowly
lanceolate, ca. 7 × 3 mm, membranous, reddish, slightly glandular hairy, margin
fringed by glandular hairs. Staminate flower: pedicel 1.5−2.5 cm long, covered
with glandular hairs, tepals 4, white, unequal, outer 2, broadly ovate, 10−12 ×
14−15 mm, glandular hairy on the outer surface, margin entire covered with
glandular hairs, inner 2, much smaller, elliptic to oblanceolate, white, 5−8 ×
1.5−2 mm, glabrous inside, puberulous outside, margin
entire, ciliate with glandular hairs; stamens bright yellow, 40−56, anther obovate, ca. 2 mm long. Pistillate flower: pedicel
1−1.2 cm long, glandular hairy, tepals 2 or 3, white, equal, outer 2, broadly
ovate, 6−10 × 10−12 mm, covered with glandular hairs on the outer surface;
inner 1 narrowly elliptic, ca. 6 × 2 mm. Ovary 3-locular, pale green with red
striations, placentae axial, placentae 2 per locule,
styles 3, stigmas bifid with twisted bands, golden yellow. Capsule green
with reddish line reticulate, brown when dry, with 3 subequal wings,
abaxial wing 7−8 mm long, lateral wings shorter, 6−7 mm long. Seeds numerous,
ellipsoid, ca. 0.3 mm long, light brown.
Distribution: Laos (Bolikhamxay,
Khammouan), Thailand.
Ecology and Phenology: In Laos, this species
was found on wet rock with mosses near streams in dry evergreen forest at
elevation 1,034 m (Bolikhamxay Province) and on shade
cliffs of limestone karst, associated with Paraboea
sp. (Gesneriaceae), Amorphophalus
sp. (Araceae) and some species of limestone ferns at
elevation ca. 210 m (Khammouan Province). Flowering
from August to September and fruiting from August to September.
Specimens examined: SL 1708 (FOF!, HNL!, Biology
Herbarium of National University of Laos!), 28.vii.2020, in dry evergreen
forest, Phou Khao Khouay National Protected Area, Thaphabath district, Bolikhamxay
province, Laos, 18.496N, 103.313E, 1,034 m elevation, coll. Lanorsavanh
S., Souvannakhoummane K. & Khane;
P002 (FOF!), 30.vii.2020, Pha Kataiy,
Limestone Hill, Gnommarath District, Khammouan Province, Laos, 17.552N, 105.164E, 210 m
elevation, coll. Phonepaseuth P.; 884,
26.ix.2020, ibid., coll. Souladeth P., Insisiengmai O., Sengthong A., Phengmala K., Phanpadith P.
Type: 113 (holo
ABD digital image!, iso ABD digital image!),
11.xi.1927, Cult. Hort. Bot. Aberb., Thailand, coll.
Kerr A.F.G.
Vernacular: ສົ້ມກຸ້ງຂົນ [(Somkoung Khon)
meaning hairy begonia]
Note: Begonia murina
Craib was originally described based on the plants
collected from Kanchanaburi provinces, Thailand by Craib (1928), and formerly believed to be endemic to
Thailand, being found in Sukhothai and Kanchanaburi (Phutthai et al.
2019). In Laos, it is known from Bolikhamxay
and Khammouan provinces between 210–1,034 m
elevations. Though Lao plants shows slight differences in leaf shape
(oblique-cordiform vs. usually reniform) and colour
of veins (usually green vs. reddish green), we consider these are included
within the infraspecific variation of this species.
Begonia poilanei Kiew
(Figure 1, Image 2)
Adansonia 29(2): 235. (-238; fig. 2).
2007. Begonia intermedia D.K.Tian & Y.H.Yan, Phytotaxa 166(2): 116
(2014), nom. Illeg.; Tian, Phytotaxa
172(1): 59. 2014. Begonia wuzhishanensis C.-I
Peng, X.H. Jin & S.M. Ku, Bot. Stud. (Taipei)
55-24:: 3. 2014; Tian, Phytotaxa 172(1): 59. 2014.
Monoecious rhizomatous lithophytic herb, 5-–15 cm tall. Rhizome tuber,
cylindrical, smooth, light brown, 2–4 cm long, 5–8 mm in diameter. Stem short,
0.5–3 cm long, reddish green, pilose; branched from lower nodes. Stipule
narrowly triangular, ca. 5 mm long, covered with white hairs. Leaves 2(–5) per
plant; petiole 5–6(–10) cm long, 2–3 mm in diameter, reddish green, puberulous; blade obliquely cordate, 6–7 × 7–9 cm, apex
acute-lanceolate or aristate, tip 1–1.5 cm long, base cordate, margin serrate
with ciliate, puberulous on both sides, adaxial
surface green, except venation which is dark green and impressed, leaf abaxial
surface paler, and reddish-green or red in veins, veins 3–4 pair per side,
prominent on abaxial side. Inflorescence axillary and terminal cyme; peduncle
erect, 6−15 cm long, 2–3 mm in diameter, covered with short hairs, usually with
2 branches, with female flower more than male flowers per branch, floral bracts
hirsute, ovate, 4–6 × ca. 3 mm, membranous, reddish-green. Staminate flower:
pedicel red to pinkish-red, 1−1.8 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter, pubescent;
tepals 4, pink or bright pink, outer 2 larger, broadly ovate, 7−8 × 9−10 mm, with
9 distinct radial stripes on adaxial surface with glandular hairy on the outer
surface especially on margin entire, inner 2, much smaller, elliptic to
oblanceolate, lighter in color, 5−8 × 2−3 mm, stamens bright yellow, 28−36, anther obovate, ca. 2 mm long. Pistillate flower: pedicel
pink or pinkish red, 1−1.2 cm long, globous, tepals 3, pink, unequal, outer 2,
broadly ovate, 7−8 × 8−10 mm, with 9 distinct radial stripes on adaxial
surface, covered with glandular hairs on the midrib of outer surface, inner 1,
elliptic, ca. 1.5 × 3 mm, ovary 3-locular, pinkish green, shiny, placentae
axial, placentae 2 per locule, styles 3, stigmas
bifid, golden yellow. Capsule unequally 3-winged, abaxial wing oblong, 7−8 mm
long, lateral wings shorter, 4−5 mm long. Seeds not seen.
Distribution: China, Laos (Bolaven Plateau), Vietnam.
Ecology and Phenology: In Laos, this species is known
only from on top of the Bolaven Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak
Province at 1,270 m elevation. Flowering and fruiting in September.
Specimens examined: L3949 (BKF, FOF!, KAG),
17.ix.2020, 15.060N, 106.208E, 1,277 m
elevation, Dong Hua Sao National Protected Area, Bolaven Plateau, Paksong District, Champasak
Province, Laos, coll. Souladeth P., Phonepaseuth P., Souvannakhoummane
K., & Vongthavone T.
Type: 19824 (holo
P [P00539147], digital image!, iso [P00539160,
P00539161], digital image!), 21.x.1931, Djijuih Haut Donai District, Vietnam, Poilane E.; TDK710, holo CSH n.v, iso CSH n.v.,
28.ix.2012, Yinggeling National Natural Reserve, Qiongzhong, Hainan, China, 19.020N, 109.573E; 2,093 m, holo HAST n.v., iso PE n.v., 3.xii.2013, on wet,
mossy rocky slope by a stream in forest, Nanyi
village, Fanyang township, Wuzhishan
city, Hainan province, China, 18.881N, 109.342E, elevation ca. 180 m, coll.
Shin-Ming Ku & Xiao-Hua Jin.
Vernacular: ສົ້ມກຸ້ງກຳມະຈອນ (Somkoung Kammajon
[meaning blood veins])
Note: Begonia poilanei
Kiew was first descripted from Vietnam, Haut Donai District, Djijuih (Dalat) by Kiew in 2007, and named in honor of E. Poilane,
who first discovered and collected this species in 1931. Formerly this species
was stated as endemic to Vietnam. Peng et al. (2014) described Begonia wuzhishanensis C.-I Peng, X.H. Jin
& S.M. Ku from Wuzhishan City, Hainan Province,
China, and Tian et al. (2014) also described B. intermedia D.K. Tian
& Y.H. Yan, from another city in Hainan Province in the same year, but both
of them are now treated as a synonym of Begonia poilanei
Kiew in Nomenclature of Begonia (Hughes et al.
2015–). In Laos, thus far this
species is known only in one locality on the top plateau of Bolaven Plateau in Champasak Province. Lao plants have minor different from
Vietnamese type specimen in its leaf apex: tip aristate (vs. acute).
For
figure & images - - click here
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