Table 1. List of Saurid reptilian species with valid distributional records within India (Category A).

 

 

Species

 

Source

 

Agamidae

 

1

 

Bronchocela cristatella (Kuhl, 1820 )

 

Smith 1935a

 

2

 

Bronchocela danieli (Tiwari & Biswas, 1973)

 

Tiwari & Biswas 1973

 

3

 

Bronchocela jubata DumŽril & Bibron, 1837

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

4

 

Brachysaura minor (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

5

 

Bufoniceps laungwalansis (Sharma, 1978)

 

Sharma 1978

 

6

 

Calotes andamanensis Boulenger, 1891

 

Krishnan 2008

 

7

 

Calotes aurantolabium Krishnan, 2008

 

Krishnan 2008

 

8

 

Calotes calotes (Linnaeus, 1758)

 

Smith 1935a

 

9

 

Calotes ellioti GŸnther, 1864

 

GŸnther 1864

 

10

 

Calotes emma Gray, 1845

 

Pawar et al. 2004

 

11

 

Calotes grandisquamis GŸnther, 1875

 

GŸnther 1875

 

12

 

Calotes jerdoni GŸnther, 1870

 

GŸnther 1870

 

13

 

Calotes maria Gray, 1845

 

GŸnther 1864

 

14

 

Calotes mystaceus DumŽril & Bibron, 1837

 

Annandale 1904

 

15

 

Calotes nemoricola Jerdon, 1853

 

GŸnther 1864

 

16

 

Calotes rouxii DumŽril & Bibron, 1837

 

GŸnther 1864

 

17

 

Calotes versicolor (Daudin, 1802)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

18

 

Coryphophylax subcristatus (Blyth, 1860)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

19

 

Draco blanfordii Boulenger, 1885

 

Biswas 1967

 

20

 

Draco dussumieri DumŽril & Bibron, 1837

 

GŸnther 1864

 

21

 

Draco maculatus Gray, 1845

 

Pawar 1999

 

22

 

Japalura andersoniana Annandale, 1905

 

Smith 1935a

 

23

 

Japalura kaulbackii Smith, 1937

 

Kunte & Manthey 2009

 

24

 

Japalura kumaonensis (Annandale, 1907)

 

Annandale 1907

 

25

 

Japalura major (Jerdon, 1870)

 

Annandale 1907

 

26

 

Japalura otai Mahony 2009

 

Mahony 2009b

 

27

 

Japalura planidorsata Jerdon, 1870

 

Hora 1926

 

28

 

Japalura sagittifera Smith, 1940

 

Kunte & Manthey 2009

 

29

 

Japalura tricarinata (Blyth, 1854)

 

Hora 1926

 

30

 

Japalura variegata Gray, 1853

 

GŸnther 1864

 

31

 

Laudakia agrorensis (Stoliczka, 1872)

 

Smith 1935a

 

32

 

Laudakia dayana (Stoliczka, 1871)

 

Smith 1935a

 

33

 

Laudakia himalayana (Steindachner, 1867)

 

Schmidt 1926

 

34

 

Laudakia melanura Blyth, 1854

 

Agrawal 1979

 

35

 

Laukadia tuberculata (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

36

 

Mictopholis austeniana (Annandale, 1908)

 

Annandale 1908

 

37

 

Otocryptis beddomii Boulenger, 1885

 

Smith 1935a

 

38

 

Oriocalotes paulus Smith, 1935

 

Smith 1935a

 

39

 

Phrynocephalus theobaldi Blyth, 1863

 

Schmidt 1926

 

40

 

Psammophilus blanfordanus (Stoliczka, 1871)

 

Smith 1935a

 

41

 

Psammophilus dorsalis (Gray in: Griffith & Pidgeon, 1831)

 

Smith 1935a

 

42

 

Ptyctolaemus gularis (Peters, 1864)

 

Wall 1908a

 

43

 

Salea anamallayana (Beddome, 1878)

 

Smith 1935a

 

44

 

Salea horsfieldii Gray, 1845

 

GŸnther 1864

 

45

 

Sitana ponticeriana Cuvier, 1844

 

Schmidt 1926

 

46

 

Trapelus agilis (Olivier, 1804)

 

Smith, 1935a

 

47

 

Trapelus megalonyx GŸnther, 1864

 

Prakash 1972

 

Anguidae

 

48

 

Ophisaurus gracilis (Gray, 1845)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

Chamaeleonidae

 

49

 

Chamaeleo zeylanicus Laurenti, 1768

 

GŸnther 1864

 

Dibamidae

 

50

 

Dibamus nicobaricus (Fitzinger in Steindachner, 1867)

 

Tikader & Das 1985

 

Eublepharidae

 

51

 

Eublepharis hardwickii Gray, 1827

 

Smith 1935a

 

52

 

Eublepharis macularius (Blyth, 1854)

 

Smith 1935a

 

Gekkonidae

 

53

 

Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

54

 

Cnemaspis assamensis Das & Sengupta, 2000

 

Das & Sengupta 2000

 

55

 

Cnemaspis australis Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuvita & Pethiyagoda, 2007

 

Manamendra-Arachchi et al. 2007

 

56

 

Cnemaspis beddomei (Theobald, 1876)

 

Beddome 1870

 

57

 

Cnemaspis goaensis Sharma, 1976

 

Sharma 1976

 

58

 

Cnemaspis gracilis (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

59

 

Cnemaspis heteropholis Bauer, 2002

 

Bauer 2002

 

60

 

Cnemaspis indica Gray, 1846

 

Smith 1935a

 

61

 

Cnemaspis indraneildasii Bauer, 2002

 

Bauer 2002

 

62

 

Cnemaspis jerdonii (Theobald, 1868)

 

Smith 1935a

 

63

 

Cnemaspis littoralis (Jerdon, 1854)

 

Beddome 1870

 

64

 

Cnemaspis mysoriensis (Jerdon, 1854)

 

Smith 1935a

 

65

 

Cnemaspis monticola Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuvita & Pethiyagoda, 2007

 

Manamendra-Arachchi et al. 2007

 

66

 

Cnemaspis nairi Inger, Marx & Koshy, 1984

 

Inger et al. 1984

 

67

 

Cnemaspis nilagirica Manamendra-Arachchi, Batuvita & Pethiyagoda, 2007

 

Manamendra-Arachchi et al. 2007

 

68

 

Cnemaspis ornata (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

69

 

Cnemaspis otai Das & Bauer, 2000

 

Das & Bauer 2000

 

70

 

Cnemaspis sisparensis (Theobald, 1876)

 

Smith 1935a

 

71

 

Cnemaspis tropidogaster (Boulenger, 1885)

 

Smith 1935a

 

72

 

Cnemaspis wynadensis (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

73

 

Cnemaspis yercaudensis Das & Bauer, 2000

 

Das & Bauer 2000

 

74

 

Cosymbotus platyurus (Schneider, 1792)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

75

 

Crossobamon orientalis (Blanford, 1875)

 

Biswas & Sanyal 1977a

 

76

 

Cyrtodactylus adleri Das, 1997

 

Das 1997b

 

77

 

Cyrtodactylus fasciolatus (Blyth, 1860)

 

Smith 1935a

 

78

 

Cyrtodactylus gubernatoris (Annandale, 1913)

 

Smith 1935a

 

79

 

Cyrtodactylus himalayanus Duda & Sahi, 1978

 

Duda & Sahi 1978

 

80

 

Cyrtodactylus khasiensis (Jerdon, 1870)

 

Smith 1935a

 

81

 

Cyrtodactylus lawderanus (Stoliczka, 1871)

 

Smith 1935a

 

82

 

Cyrtodactylus malcomsmithi (Constable, 1949)

 

Murthy 1985

 

83

 

Cyrtodactylus mansarulus Duda & Sahi, 1978

 

Duda & Sahi 1978

 

84

 

Cyrtodactylus rubidus (Blyth, 1861)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

85

 

Cyrtodactylus stoliczkai (Steindachner, 1867)

 

Schmidt 1926

 

86

 

Cyrtopodion aravallensis (Gill, 1997)

 

Gill 1997

 

87

 

Cyrtopodion kachhense Stoliczka, 1872

 

Smith 1935a

 

88

 

Cyrtopodion montiumsalsorum (Annandale, 1913)

 

Duda & Sahi 1977

 

89

 

Cyrtopodion scabrum (von Heyden in RŸppell, 1827)

 

Smith 1935a

 

90

 

Geckoella collegalensis (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

91

 

Geckoella deccanensis (GŸnther, 1864)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

92

 

Geckoella jeyporensis (Beddome, 1878)

 

Smith 1935a

 

93

 

Geckoella nebulosa (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

94

 

Gehyra mutilata (Wiegmann, 1834)

 

Annandale 1904

 

95

 

Gekko gecko (Linnaeus, 1758)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

96

 

Gekko smithi Gray, 1842

 

Annandale 1904

 

97

 

Gekko verreauxi Tytler, 1865 (1864)

 

Smith 1935a

 

98

 

Hemidactylus aaronbaueri Giri, 2008

 

Giri 2008

 

99

 

Hemidactylus albofasciatus Grandison & Soman, 1963

 

Grandison & Soman 1963

 

100

 

Hemidactylus anamallensis (GŸnther, 1875)

 

GŸnther 1875

 

101

 

Hemidactylus bowringii (Gray, 1845)

 

Smith 1935a

 

102

 

Hemidactylus brookii Gray, 1845

 

Gleadow 1887

 

103

 

Hemidactylus flaviviridis RŸppell, 1835

 

Smith 1935a

 

104

 

Hemidactylus frenatus DumŽril & Bibron, 1836

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

105

 

Hemidactylus garnotii DumŽril & Bibron, 1836

 

Smith 1935a

 

106

 

Hemidactylus giganteus Stoliczka, 1871

 

Giri et al. 2003

 

107

 

Hemidactylus gracilis Blanford, 1870

 

Smith 1935a

 

108

 

Hemidactylus gujaratensis Giri, Bauer, Vyas & Patil 2009

 

Giri et al. 2009

 

109

 

Hemidactylus leschenaultii DumŽril & Bibron, 1836

 

Blanford 1871

 

110

 

Hemidactylus maculatus DumŽril & Bibron, 1836

 

GŸnther 1864

 

111

 

Hemidactylus persicus Anderson, 1872

 

Vyas et al. 2006

 

112

 

Hemidactylus porbandarensis Sharma, 1981

 

Sharma 1981

 

113

 

Hemidactylus prashadi Smith, 1935

 

Smith 1935a

 

114

 

Hemidactylus reticulatus Beddome, 1870

 

Beddome 1870

 

115

 

Hemidactylus sataraensis Giri & Bauer, 2008

 

Giri & Bauer 2008

 

116

 

Hemidactylus scabriceps (Annandale, 1906)

 

Smith 1935a

 

117

 

Hemidactylus triedrus (Daudin, 1802)

 

Smith 1935a

 

118

 

Hemidactylus treutleri Mahony 2009

 

Mahony 2009a

 

119

 

Hemiphyllodactylus aurantiacus (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

120

 

Hemiphyllodactylus typus Bleeker, 1860

 

Beddome 1870

 

121

 

Lepidodactylus lugubris (DumŽril & Bibron, 1836)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

122

 

Phelsuma andamenense Blyth, 1861 (1860)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

123

 

Ptychozoon kuhli Stejneger, 1902

 

GŸnther 1864

 

124

 

Ptychozoon lionotum Annandale, 1905

 

Pawar & Biswas 2001

 

Lacertidae

 

125

 

Acanthodactylus cantoris GŸnther, 1864

 

GŸnther 1864

 

126

 

Mesalina watsonana (Stoliczka, 1872)

 

Smith 1935a

 

127

 

Ophisops beddomei (Jerdon, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

128

 

Ophisops jerdoni Blyth, 1853

 

Smith 1935a

 

129

 

Ophisops leschenaultii (Milne-Edwards, 1829)

 

Smith 1935a

 

130

 

Ophisops microlepis Blanford, 1870

 

Smith 1935a

 

131

 

Ophisops minor Deraniyagala, 1971

 

Smith 1935a

 

132

 

Takydromus haughtonianus (Jerdon, 1870)

 

Smith 1935a

 

133

 

Takydromus khasiensis (Boulenger, 1917)

 

Smith 1935a

 

134

 

Takydromus sexlineatus Daudin, 1802

 

Smith 1935a

 

Scincidae

 

135

 

Ablepharus grayanus (Stoliczka, 1872)

 

Smith 1935a

 

136

 

Ablepharus pannonicus (Fitzinger, 1823)

 

Sahi & Duda 1986

 

137

 

Asymblepharus ladacensis (GŸnther, 1864)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

138

 

Asymblepharus himalayanum (GŸnther, 1864)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

139

 

Asymblepharus sikkimensis (Blyth, 1854)

 

Smith 1935a

 

140

 

Barkudia insularis Annandale, 1917

 

Annandale 1917

 

141

 

Barkudia melanosticta (Schneider, 1801)

 

Ganapati & Nayar 1952

 

142

 

Dasia nicobarensis Biswas & Sanyal, 1977

 

Biswas & Sanyal 1977b

 

143

 

Dasia olivacea Gray, 1839

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

144

 

Dasia subcaeruleum (Boulenger, 1891)

 

Boulenger 1891

 

145

 

Eurylepis poonaensis (Sharma, 1970)

 

Sharma 1970

 

146

 

Eurylepis taeniolatus Blyth, 1854

 

Smith 1935a

 

147

 

Eutropis allapallensis (Schmidt, 1926)

 

Schmidt 1926

 

148

 

Eutropis andamanensis (Smith, 1935)

 

Smith 1935a

 

149

 

Eutropis beddomei (Jerdon, 1870)

 

Smith 1935a

 

150

 

Eutropis bibronii (Gray, 1838)

 

Smith 1935a

 

151

 

Eutropis carinata (Schneider, 1801)

 

Smith 1935a

 

152

 

Eutropis clivicola (Inger, Shaffer, Koshy & Bakde, 1984)

 

Inger et al. 1984

 

153

 

Eutropis dissimillis (Hallowell, 1857)

 

Smith 1935a

 

154

 

Eutropis gansi (Das, 1991)

 

Das 1991

 

155

 

Eutropis innotata (Blanford, 1870)

 

Smith 1935a

 

156

 

Eutropis macularia (Blyth, 1853)

 

Smith 1935a

 

157

 

Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl, 1820)

 

Annandale 1904

 

158

 

Eutropis nagarjuni (Sharma, 1969)

 

Sharma 1971

 

159

 

Eutropis quadricarinata (Boulenger, 1887)

 

Murthy 1985

 

160

 

Eutropis rudis (Boulenger, 1887)

 

Biswas 1984

 

161

 

Eutropis rugifera (Stoliczka, 1870)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

162

 

Eutropis trivittata (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827)

 

Smith 1935a

 

163

 

Eutropis tytlerii (Tytler in Theobald, 1868)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

164

 

Lipinia macrotympanum (Stoliczka, 1873)

 

Stoliczka 1873

 

165

 

Lygosoma albopunctata (Gray, 1846)

 

GŸnther 1864

 

166

 

Lygosoma ashwamedhi (Sharma, 1969)

 

Sharma 1971

 

167

 

Lygosoma bowringii (GŸnther, 1864)

 

Smith 1935a

 

168

 

Lygosoma goaensis (Sharma, 1976)

 

Sharma 1976

 

169

 

Lygosoma guentheri (Peters, 1879)

 

Smith 1935a

 

170

 

Lygosoma lineata (Gray, 1839)

 

Smith 1935a

 

171

 

Lygosoma pruthi (Sharma, 1977)

 

Sharma 1977

 

172

 

Lygosoma punctata (Gmelin, 1799)

 

Annandale 1915

 

173

 

Lygosoma vosmaerii (Gray, 1839)

 

Seetharamaraju et al. 2009

 

174

 

Novoeumeces schneiderii Daudin, 1802

 

Vyas 1998

 

175

 

Ophiomorus raithmai Anderson & Leviton, 1966

 

Greer & Wilson 2001

 

176

 

Ristella beddomii Boulenger, 1887

 

Smith 1935a

 

177

 

Ristella guentheri Boulenger, 1887

 

Smith 1935a

 

178

 

Ristella rurkii Gray, 1839

 

Smith 1935a

 

179

 

Ristella travancoricus (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

180

 

Kaestlea beddomei (Boulenger, 1887)

 

Smith 1935a

 

181

 

Kaestlea bilineata (Gray, 1846)

 

Smith 1935a

 

182

 

Kaestlea laterimaculata (Boulenger, 1887)

 

Smith 1935a

 

183

 

Kaestlea palnica (Boettger, 1892)

 

Smith 1935a

 

184

 

Kaestlea travancorica (Beddome, 1870)

 

Beddome 1870

 

185

 

Scincella macrotis (Fitzinger in: Steindachner, 1867)

 

Smith 1935a

 

186

 

Sepsophis punctatus Beddome, 1870

 

Beddome 1870

 

187

 

Sphenomorphus courcyanum (Annandale, 1912)

 

Smith 1935a

 

188

 

Sphenomorphus dussumieri (DumŽril & Bibron, 1839)

 

Beddome 1870

 

189

 

Sphenomorphus indicus (Gray, 1853)

 

Wall 1908b

 

190

 

Sphenomorphus maculatus (Blyth, 1853)

 

Annandale 1904

 

191

 

Tropidophorus assamensis Annandale, 1912

 

Smith 1935a

 

Uromastycidae

 

192

 

Uromastyx hardwickii Gray in Hardwicke & Gray, 1827

 

GŸnther 1864

 

Varanidae

 

193

 

Varanus bengalensis (Daudin, 1802)

 

Annandale 1915

 

194

 

Varanus flavescens (Hardwicke & Gray, 1827)

 

Smith 1935a

 

195

 

Varanus griseus Daudin, 1803

 

Smith 1935b

 

196

 

Varanus salvator Laurenti, 1768

 

Annandale 1904

 

 

 

Table 2. Family wise categorization of Indian lizard species based on distributional records

 

Family / Category

 

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

E

 

F

 

Total

 

Agamidae

 

47

 

1

 

5

 

1

 

 

 

2

 

56

 

Anguidae

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

Chamaeleonidae

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

Dibamidae

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

Eublepharidae

 

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

 

Gekkonidae

 

71

 

1

 

4

 

1

 

1

 

7

 

85

 

Lacertidae

 

10

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

 

Scincidae

 

58

 

1

 

3

 

 

 

1

 

3

 

66

 

Uromastycidae

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

 

Varanidae

 

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

 

Total

 

196

 

3

 

13

 

2

 

2

 

12

 

228

 

 

A - Species with valid distribution records within India

B - Species reported from the regions politically disputed by India and Pakistan

C - Species whose distributional records are invalid or questioned

D - Species with unclear locality records

E - Species known only from type specimen of unclear origin

F - Species that were valid in earlier lists, but omitted in this communication.

 

 

Table 3. Erroneous inclusion and omission of species in the checklists of Indian reptiles. The references have been arranged chronologically.

 

Reference

 

Species without valid records / with questionable records

 

Species with unclear locality records

 

Species known only from type specimen of unknown origin

 

Omission of valid species

 

Murthy 1985

 

Dasia grisea

 

Pseudocalotes microlepis;

 

 

Bufoniceps laungwalansis; Laudakia melanura; Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis; C. nairi; C. tropidogaster; Cyrtodactylus mansarulus; Cyrtopodion montiumsalsorum; Gekko verreauxi; Hemidactylus karenorum; H. porbandarensis; Lepidodactylus lugubris; Ablepharus pannonicus; Chalcides pentadactlyus; Lygosoma ashwamedhi; L. pruthi; Eutropis allapallensis; M. clivicola; M. innotata; M. nagarjuni; M. rudis; Novoeumeces schneiderii

 

Murthy 1990

 

Phrynocephalus euptilopus

 

Pseudocalotes microlepis

 

 

Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis; C. nairi; C.tropidogaster; Cyrtodactylus himalayanus; C.malcomsmithii; C. mansarulus; Gekko verreauxi; Lepidodactylus lugubris; Ablepharus pannonicus; Chalcides pentadactlyus; Dasia haliana; Lygosoma ashwamedhi; Eutropis allapallensis; M. clivicola; M. innotata; M. nagarjuni; M. clivicola; Novoeumeces schneiderii

 

Tikader & Sharma 1992

 

Calotes bhutanensis; Phrynocephalus euptilopus; Cyrtopodion fedtschenkoi

 

Pseudocalotes microlepis

 

Lygosoma vosmaerii

 

Coryphophylax subcristatus; Laudakia melanura; Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis; C. nairi; C.tropidogaster; Cyrtodactylus himalayanus; C.malcomsmithii; C. mansarulus; Gekko verreauxi; Lepidodactylus lugubris; Ablepharus pannonicus; Dasia haliana; Novoeumeces schneiderii

 

Murthy 1994

 

Salea kakhienensis; Scincella reevesii; Acanthodactylus blanfordii

 

Cyrtodactylus pulchellus

 

Cnemaspis boei; Eumeces blythianus; Lygosoma vosmaerii

 

Draco maculatus; Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis; Crossobamon orientalis

 

Das 1994

 

Phrynocephalus euptilopus; Teratoscincus microlepis; Dasia grisea

 

 

 

Laudakia melanura; Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis; C.tropidogaster; C. mansarulus; C. rubidus; Gekko smithi; Hemidactylus porbandarensis; Lepidodactylus lugubris; Ablepharus pannonicus; Chalcides pentadactlyus; Eutropis allapallensis; M. clivicola; Novoeumeces schneiderii

 

Das 1996a

 

Salea kakhienensis; Scincella reevesii; Acanthodactylus blanfordii;

 

Cyrtodactylus pulchellus

 

Cnemaspis boei; Lygosoma vosmaerii

 

Draco maculatus; Trapelus megalonyx; Cnemaspis gracilis;Mabuya rugifera

 

Das 1997a

 

Salea kakhienensis; Laudakia caucasia; Phrynocephalus luteoguttatus; Phrynocephalus euptilopus; Tenuidactylus baturensis; Scincella reevesii; Acanthodactylus blanfordii; Mabuya novemcarinata;

 

Cyrtodactylus pulchellus

 

Cnemaspis boei; Eumeces blythianus; Lygosoma vosmaerii

 

Draco maculatus; Trapelus megalonyx; Crossobamon orientalis; Cyrtopodion montiumsalsorum; Eurylepis poonaensis

 

Sharma 2002

 

Calotes bhutanensis; Phrynocephalus euptilopus; Cyrtopodion fedtschenkoi

 

 

 

Laudakia melanura; Trapelus megalonyx; Cyrtodactylus himalayanus; C.malcomsmithii; C. mansarulus; Gekko verreauxi; Hemiphyllodactylus typhus, Ptychozoon lionotum; Ablepharus pannonicus; Barkudia melanosticta; Dasia haliana; Novoeumeces schneiderii

 

Das 2003

 

Laudakia caucasia; Cyrtodactylus chitralensis; Mabuya novemcarinata

 

Cyrtodactylus pulchellus

 

Cnemaspis boei

 

Draco maculatus