Taxonomic studies
on a collection of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) from
India with new distribution records
Ankita
Gupta 1 & J. Poorani 2
1,2 Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR), P.B.
No.2491, H.A. Farm post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore,
Karnataka 560024, India
Emai: ankitagupta9@rediffmail.com 1, pooranij@gmail.com 2
Date of online
publication 26 May 2009
ISSN
0974-7907 (online) | 0974-7893 (print)
Editor: P.M. Sureshan
Manuscript details:
Ms # o1861
Received 10 October 2007
Final received 06 April 2009
Finally accepted 15 April 2009
Citation: Gupta , A. & J. Poorani
(2009). Taxonomic studies on a collection of Chalcidoidea
(Hymenoptera) from India with new distribution records. Journal of
Threatened Taxa 1(5): 300-304.
Copyright: © Ankita Gupta & J. Poorani
2009. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article
in any medium for non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by
providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication.
Acknowledgements:
This work was carried out under the Network Project on Insect Biosystematics
funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Dr. P. M Sureshan, Scientist, Gopalpur-On-
sea, Orissa is gratefully acknowledged for providing literature and Dr. M. Hayat, AMU, for identifying some encyrtids.
During
surveys for the collection of Chalcidoidea in
different parts of India, several taxa were collected
and recorded. One species of Eulophidae is recorded for the first time from India. Nine species
of Pteromalidae, two species of Encyrtidae,
four species of Eulophidae, two species of Trichogrammatidae and one species of Torymidae,
are new records from Karnataka. One
species of Eulophidae is a new record from Jammu
& Kashmir. One species of Chalcididae is a new
record from Andhra Pradesh. The details
of the species are discussed here in brief. The specimens of the present study
are deposited in the collections of Project Directorate of Biological Control
(PDBC), Bangalore and Aligarh Muslim University (AMU), Aligarh.
Methods
Specimen
collection was done by using a sweep net and aspirator. Along with these,
various parasitized pupae, scale infested leaves, parasitized larvae, gall formed
leaves, etc. were collected and kept in jars for emergence of parasitoids. Syrphid puparia, pupae of Exelastis
atomosa (Walsingham), Saissetia sp. infested leaves, leaves infested with
leaf miners, parasitized larvae of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), gall
infested leaves of Eucalyptus sp., pods of Crotolaria
sp. and ootheca of praying mantid were also collected and reared in the laboratory.
The collected specimens were then dry mounted and labelled
according to the standard procedure provided by Noyes 1982.
The
specimens were identified in the Biosystematics and Introduction Division of
Project Directorate of Biological control, Bangalore, using Leica
S8APO Stereo zoom microscope and with the aid of recent literature as well as
the Universal Chalcidoidea database (Noyes 2003).
I. Family Pteromalidae
1. Acroclisoides
maculatus Sureshan
& Narendran
Acroclisoides
maculatus Sureshan
& Narendran, 2002a: 128. Holotype
F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
Forewing with a broad brown spot beneath stigmal
vein; gaster long, 0.8x as
long as head plus mesosoma combined; antennal
flagellum dark brown.
Material
studied: 1 female, 10.x.06, Resting
on indet. tree, M.G. Road,
Bangalore, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/121- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
2. Callitula
keralensis Sureshan
Callitula
keralensis Sureshan,
2002: 23. Holotype F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
Gaster with metallic blue reflection on first tergite dorsally, distinctly longer than mesosoma, not collapsing; forewing with basal cell open
below, speculum broad; antenna with pedicel shorter than first funicular
segment; pronotal collar not margined anteriorly.
Material
studied: 1 female, 9.v.07,
Resting on Maize, Gubihosahalli,
Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No.
2009/Ptr/122- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Kerala.
3. Cryptoprymna
elongata Sureshan &
Narendran
Cryptoprymna
elongata Sureshan
& Narendran, 2000: 403. Holotype
F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
Antenna
slender with first funicular segment as long as second, scape
little longer than eye; clava 2x as long as wide; gastral petiole slender.
Material
studied: 1 female, 16.viii.06, General vegetation, Nagara, Udupi, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/123- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Kerala.
4. Halticopterella
burwelli Sureshan
Halticopterella
burwelli Sureshan,
2001: 33. Holotype F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
Head
and mesosoma black; propodeum
with nucha long, adpetiolar
margin moderately reticulate and gaster strongly sclerotized.
Material
studied: 1 female, 14.ix.2006, ex:
Flower of Tabernaemontana divaricata L. (Cape Jasmine), Brahmmavara, Karnataka, coll. Ankita
(Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/124-
PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Kerala.
5. Mesopolobus
keralensis Sureshan
& Narendran
Mesopolobus
keralensis Sureshan
& Narendran, 2002b: 81. Holotype F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
Antennae
long, combined length of pedicel plus flagellum as long as head width;
Funicular segments 1-3 longer than wide; propodeum
long; plicae sharp and complete; gaster
little shorter than head plus mesosoma combined; all
legs except coxae yellow.
Material
studied: 1 female, 1 male, 14.ix.2006, Sweep net
collection on Crotolaria juncea L., Malpe beach, Udupi, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/125- PDBC) &
(Reg. No. 2009/Ptr/126- PDBC) respectively.
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Kerala.
6. Panstenon
collaris Boucek
Panstenon
collaris Boucek,
1976: 39(1):17-18. Holotype
F: Zimbabwe.
Panstenon
collare Boucek,
2000: 34: 301-303.
Diagnosis:
Pronotal
collar not margined; antennal scape exceeding vertex
by almost half its length; base of forewing densely hairy; gaster
about 2x as long as broad.
Material
studied: 1 female, 15.x.06, Sweeping in grasses on bunds of
Paddy, Mastikatte, Karnataka, coll. Ankita
(Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/127-
PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Sri Lanka.
7. Pachyneuron
leucopiscida Mani
Pachyneuron
leucopiscida Mani, 1939a: 86, M, F
= M. India, Coimbatore.
Pachyneuron
cremifaniae Delucchi,
1953: 8-12.
Diagnosis:
Body dark metallic blue; forewing with
marginal vein shorter than stigmal vein; gaster brownish black; scape pale
brown, remainder of antenna dark brown; head finely reticulate, anterior margin
of clypeus weakly emarginated. Mesoscutum with notauli deep and incomplete.
Gaster fusiform; first gastral tergite occupying nearly half length of gaster;
petiole longer than hind coxa.
Material
studied: 1 female, 21.ix.2006, ?
ex: Pupa of Acletoxenus
indicus Malloch (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Hebbal, Karnataka, coll. Ankita.
(Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/128-
PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Kerala, Bihar: Pusa,
Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Delhi. Europe.
8. Systasis dasyneurae
Mani
Systasis dasyneurae Mani, 1939b: 535. Holotype ? F: India.
Semiotellus
dasyneurae (Mani, 1989): 541-543.
Diagnosis:
Pedicel slightly longer than first funicular segment; funicular segments subequal; left mandible tridentate, right with an
additional tooth between second and third.
Material studied:
4 females; 5 males, 20.vi.06, Resting on flower of Jasminum
sp., Malur, Karnataka, coll. Ankita
(Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/129, 130,
131, 132- PDBC) & (Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/133, 134, 135, 136, 137- PDBC) respectively.
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Bihar, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and
Uttar Pradesh.
9. Trichomalopsis
neelagastra Sureshan
& Narendran
Trichomalopsis
neelagastra Sureshan
& Narendran, 2001: 404. Holotype
F: India, Kerala.
Diagnosis:
First gastral tergite occupying little beyond middle with bright metallic
blue reflection dorsally; nucha more convex in
profile, scape as long as eye.
Material
studied: 2 females, 15.ix.06, Sweeping in paddy field, Kamalashile, Karnataka, coll. Ankita
(Reg.No. 2009/Ptr/138, 139-
PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Kerala.
II. Family Encyrtidae
1. Encyrtus
infelix (Embleton)
Comys infelix Embleton,
1902: 223. Lectotype F (designated by Graham,
1969:308) Cambridge.-Embleton, 1904: 231-254.
Encyrtus infelix: Peck, 1963: 356-357.
Diagnosis:
Funicular segments robust, somewhat flattened distally, funicular segment 1 subequal
in length to pedicel; hind basitarsus basally dark
brown, distal two-thirds and segments 2-5 whitish.
Material
studied: 2 females, 26.i.07, ex: Saissetia sp. on palm leaf, Hebbal, Karnataka, coll. Ankita,
(Both deposited at AMU, Aligarh).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Assam and West Bengal.
2. Ooencyrtus
corbetti Ferriere
Ooencyrtus
corbetti Ferriere,
1931: 284. Lectotype F (designated by Huang and
Noyes, 1994: 29) Malaysia-peninsular.
Diagnosis:
Funicular
segments increasing in length distad towards club,
segments 1-2 shorter than 3-6; mandible with two teeth and a broad truncation; frontovertex about 0.25x of head width.
Material
studied: 4 females, 9.iv.07, ex: ?Syrphid puparia, Malur, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Enc/142, 143, 144 &145- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Assam and Malaysia.
III. Family Eulophidae
1. Aprostocetus
versicolor (Ranaweera)
Tetrastichus
versicolor Ranaweera,
(1947); 9(1): 7 F: Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa,
New Delhi.
Aprostocetus
versicolor (Ranaweera),
Narendran (in Hayat et
al., 2003) 323.
Aprostocetus
versicolor (Ranaweera),
Narendran, 2007: 104.
This species,
originally described from Sri Lanka, is recorded for the first time from
India. The detailed description is
provided by Ranaweera (1947).
Diagnosis:
Malar sulcus distinct;
antennae dark brown, scape testaceous,
pedicel short, distinctly longer than wide, 2 anelli
present, funicular segments 1-3 subequal in size,
club almost as long as preceding two segments combined.
Material
studied: 1 female, 6.vii.06, Sweeping in Cyperus rotundus L.,
Shivagange, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Eul/146- PDBC).
Distribution:
India (new record) and Sri Lanka.
2. Closterocerus
indica (Khan et al.)
Neochrysocharis
indica Khan et al., 2005:
109-110. Holotype F:
India, Uttaranchal.
Closterocerus
indica: Gumovsky,
2001: 132 (synonymy).
Diagnosis:
Forewings with infumation at stigmal
vein, antennae with one anellus, malar
sulcus distinct.
Material
studied: 1 female, 7.iv.06, ex: Liriomyza
trifolii (Burgess) on Lycopersicon
esculentum Mill.,
Bangalore, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Eul/147- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Uttaranchal.
Notes:
This
species is listed as C. indica in the
Universal Chalcidoidea database, but Fisher & La
Salle (2005) state that the synonymy of Neochrysocharis
with Closterocerus requires further
investigation and disregard the synonymy of Neochrysocharis
with Closterocerus without any supporting
evidence.
3. Euplectrus
coimbatorensis Ferrière
Euplectrus
coimbatorensis Ferrière,
1941: 33. India.
Diagnosis:
Gaster
yellow above, slightly more orange yellow at tip, only two lines on the sides
at base and the petiole black; antennae orange yellow, brown towards tip, scape light yellow; pronotum very
short, mesoscutum with irregular transverse striae; scutellum finely
reticulate.
Material
studied: 4 females, 2.iii.2007, ex:
Larvae of Chilo partellus
(Swinhoe), Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, coll.
Ahmad (Reg.No. 2009/Eup/148,
149, 150 & 151- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Jammu & Kashmir (new record) and Tamil Nadu.
4. Leptocybe
invasa Fisher & La Salle
Leptocybe
invasa Fisher & La Salle,
in Mendel et al., 2004:103. Holotype F:
Israel, Bet Shean .
This
is the eucalyptus gall wasp (Images 1-9), a pest recently introduced in India.
It has been spreading rapidly and has assumed serious proportions on Eucalyptus
spp. in parts of Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu in southern
India. Specimens were also collected from New Delhi and Aligarh (Uttar
Pradesh).
Diagnosis:
Mendel
et al. (2004) provided a detailed description of the genus and species.
The genus is presently monotypic and females (Image 3) can be identified by the
following combination of characters: Antenna with four anelli,
3 funicular segments, 3 club segments. Scape expanded ventrally. Funicular segments all roughly quadrate. Mid lobe of mesoscutum without median line. Scutellum with submedian
and sublateral line. Propodeum
with a raised lobe of callus that partly overhangs the outer rim of spiracle; spiracular depression open to anterior margin of propodeum. Males (Images
4,5) similar to females in general appearance and coloration; antennal formula
11343 with scape having a narrow and elongate sensory
organ on lateral margin, annelli three-segmented, funicle four-segmented with long latero-terminal
bristles and less stout than in female, club three-segmented; abdomen somewhat
tubular.
Material
studied: Several specimens from Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra
Pradesh, New Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Kerala. All the specimens are deposited
in PDBC.
Distribution:
India: Andhra Pradesh, New Delhi, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Uttar
Pradesh.
5.
Tetrastichus niger
Ranaweera
Tetrastichus
niger
Ranaweera, (1947): 9:12-14. Holotype
F: Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New
Delhi.
Tetrastichus
niger
Ranaweera, Narendran, 2007:
278.
This
species is originally described from Sri Lanka. The detailed description is
provided by Ranaweera, 1947.
Diagnosis:
Antennae
dark brown with yellowish brown scape and pedicel, 3 anelli present; legs testaceous
except coxae and femora dark brown.
Material
studied: 1 female, 10.vii.06, General vegetation, Hebbal, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Eul/152- PDBC).
Distribution:
India,
Sri Lanka and Russia.
6. Aprostocetus
fasciatus Ashmead
Tetrastichus
fasciatus Ashmead,
1894: 25: 187, M, F West Indies: St.Vincent. Lectotype F (La Salle & Schauff,
1992).
Tetrastichus
shencottensis Saraswat,
1975: 4: 24. F, M. syn. Narendran 2007:57.
Aprostocetus
fasciatus (Ashmead),
Noyes, 2003. Universal Chalcidoidea
Database. www.nhm.uk/entomology/Chalcidoids.
Aprostocetus
fasciatus Ashmead,
Narendran, 2007: 57.
Diagnosis:
Body
non-metallic brown; head with shallow scattered punctuations on vertex and
face; antennae dark brown except scape yellowish
brown; legs pale brown.
Material
studied: 5 females, 6.x.06, Sweeping on unidentified weed, Mandya, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Eul/153, 154, 155,
156 & 157- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Tamil Nadu.
IV. Family Trichogrammatidae
1. Aphelinoidea
longiclavata Yousuf
& Shafee
Aphelinoidea
longiclavata Yousuf
& Shafee, 1988a: 105-106. Holotype
F: India, Uttar Pradesh.
Diagnosis:
Forewing
slightly more than two times as long as wide, infuscated
beneath marginal vein, stigmal vein developed;
antennae with pedicel two and a half times as long as wide, club four times as
long as wide.
Material
studied: 1 female, 6.vii.06, Sweeping on Parthenium
sp., Bangalore, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Tri/158- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Uttar Pradesh.
2. Ufens
magniclavata (Khan
& Shafee)
Mirufens magniclavata Khan
& Shafee, 1977: 32-34. Holotype F: India, Uttar Pradesh.
Mirufens magniclavata: Neto
and Pintureau, (1997): 41-148.
Ufens magniclavata:
Yousuf and Shafee, 1988b:
55-200.
Diagnosis:
Antennae
with first funicular segment more than one-half the length of second, club less
than three times as long as wide; forewing with basal vein track with 1 seta.
Material
studied: 5 females, 5 males, 6.vii.06, ex: Pods of Crotolaria mucronata
Desv.,
Shivagange, Karnataka, coll. Ankita.
(Reg.No. 2009/Tri/159, 160, 161,
162, 163- PDBC & Reg.No. 2009/Tri/164, 165, 166,
167, 168- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record) and Uttar Pradesh.
V. Family Chalcididae
1. Tropimeris
monodon Boucek
Tropimeris
monodon Boucek,
1958: 481. Holotype F: India, Mumbai.
Diagnosis:
Each
hind femur has one sharp dent and funicle segments
two to seven distinctly transverse.
Material
studied: 2 females, ex: Pupae of Exelastis atomosa Boucek, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh,
coll. Ramani (Reg.No.
2009/Cha/169, 170- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Andhra Pradesh (new record), Maharashtra, Indonesia and Sri Lanka.
VI. Family Torymidae
1. Podagrion
opisthacanthum Masi
Podagrion
opisthacanthum, Masi, 1926:14. Syntypes, Taiwan.
Podagrion
opisthacanthum: Mani & Kaul, 1972: 317.
Diagnosis:
Body
metallic green with golden reflection; funicle
yellowish brown; hind coxa and tip of tibia yellow;
femora metallic green; gastral tergites
2-4 brown; antennal club length equal to preceding 4-5 segments combined; hind
femur with six teeth.
Material
studied: 1 female, 2 males, 25.iv.07, ex:
Ootheca of indet. praying mantid, Mandya, Karnataka, coll. Ankita (Reg.No. 2009/Tor/171, 172, 173- PDBC).
Distribution:
India: Karnataka (new record), Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Taiwan.
Discussion
In
total, 21 species, including nine species of Pteromalidae,
two species of Encyrtidae, six species of Eulophidae, two species of Trichogrammatidae,
one species of Chalcididae and one species of Torymidae are recorded from different parts of India. Leptocybe invasa has been spreading rapidly and has assumed
serious proportions on Eucalyptus spp. in parts of Karnataka, Kerala,
Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu in southern India. Aprostocetus
versicolor is reported for the first time from
India.
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