Table 1. Study area of non-volant small mammals in Coorg

Area	Location	Coordinates	Altitude (m)	Vegetation (forest) type (Pascal & Meher-Homji 1968)
Madikeri	Shanthi Estate	12°24'28.1"N, 75°44'24.2"E	935	Medium elevation evergreen
Madikeri	Roshanara	12°24'47.06"N, 75°45'05.36"E	1000	Medium elevation evergreen
Kallur	Rainforest Retreat	12°28’32.1”N, 75°42’38.7”E	1060	Medium elevation evergreen
Galibeedu	Golden Mist	12°27'53.6"N, 75°41'41.3"E	1110	Medium elevation evergreen
Theralu	SAI Sanctuary	11°59'49.7"N, 75°53'08.8"E	815	Medium elevation evergreen
Kushalnagara	Last Resort	12°22'54.8"N, 75°54'31.2"E	650	Moist deciduous
Birunani	Ponnya Estate	12°01’53”N, 75°56’06”E	800	Medium elevation evergreen
Hakkathur	Rose Estate	12°21'17.8"N, 75°45'28.6"E	950	Medium elevation evergreen
Ponnampet	Raja's Estate	12°08'38.5"N, 75°55'52.3"E	830	Moist deciduous
Kutta	Palthope Estate	12°0'25.6N, 76°02'15.7"E	915	Moist deciduous
Kutta	Cinchona Estate	11°58'07.9"N, 76°03'13"E	905	Moist deciduous

Table 2. Small mammals trapped in different habitats in Coorg.

Taxon	Agri	Bamb	Bana	Card	Coff	Fore	Habi	Open	Oran	Tea	Vani
Rodentia: Muridae
Bandicota bengalensis	+	+			+		+
Golunda ellioti	+						+
Millardia meltada	+				+
Mus booduga	+			+	+			+
Mus musculus	+	+	+	+	+			+	+	+	+
Rattus rufescens	+				+			+
Rattus satarae				+		+
Rattus wroughtoni	+	+		+	+	+	+	+
Vandeleuria nilagirica			+
Rodentia: Sciuridae
Funambulus tristriatus		+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Rodentia: Platacanthomyidae
Platacanthomys lasiurus						+
Eulipotyphla: Soricidae
Suncus etruscus							+	+
Suncus murinus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Suncus niger	+	+	+	+	+			+		+

Table 3. Average trap success of non-volant small mammals in Coorg

Species	Total captures	Habitats	Average (SD)
B. bengalensis	7	4	0.25 (0.13)
F. tristriatus	35	7	0.57 (0.57)
G. ellioti	5	2	0.2 (0.14)
M. meltada	9	2	0.35 (0.35)
M. booduga	20	4	0.32 (0.32)
M. musculus	53	9	0.54 (0.2)
P. lasiurus	2	1	0.3 (0)
R. rufescens	10	3	0.13 (0.05)
R. satarae	24	2	1.65 (2.19)
R. wroughtoni	108	7	1.74 (1.57)
S. etruscus	2	2	*
S. murinus	67	11	0.77 (1.12)
S. niger	67	8	0.84 (0.75)
V. nilagirica	3	1	0.5 (0)
Total	412		3.79 (3.39)

Table 4. Goodness of fit test for small mammal abundance in vegetation zones in Coorg

Vegetation zone	Area (ha)	Individuals trapped (Ob)	Expected individuals (Ex)	G
MEEF	18.99	292	338.11	-42.81
MDF	4.15	120	73.89	58.19
Total	23.14	412	412	30.76

MEEF – Medium elevation evergreen forest; MDF – Moist deciduous forest; G – Goodness of fit

Table 5. Goodness of fit test for small mammal abundance in different habitats in Coorg

Habitat	Area (ha)	Individuals trapped (Ob)	Expected individuals (Ex)	G
Agriculture	2.5	44	44.51	-0.51
Bamboo	0.55	31	9.79	35.72
Banana	1.2	8	21.37	-7.86
Cardamom	3	37	53.41	-13.58
Coffee	7	104	124.63	-18.82
Forest	1.6	51	28.49	29.70
Habitation	0.95	22	16.91	5.78
Open	4.84	108	86.17	24.38
Orange	0.5	2	8.90	-2.99
Tea	0.5	4	8.90	-3.20
Vanilla	0.5	1	8.90	-2.19
Total	23.14	412	412	92.88

Table 6. Diversity indices of non-volant small mammals in 12 habitats in Coorg

	S	N	DMg	H’	E	D	Dominance
Agriculture	9	41	2.15	2.00	0.91	0.85	0.22
Bamboo	6	31	1.46	1.45	0.81	0.72	0.35
Banana	5	8	1.92	1.49	0.93	0.75	0.37
Cardamom	7	37	1.66	1.56	0.80	0.75	0.35
Coffee	9	104	1.72	1.90	0.87	0.82	0.32
Forest	5	51	1.02	1.25	0.78	0.67	0.45
Habitation	5	22	1.29	1.03	0.64	0.50	0.68
Open	9	108	1.71	1.76	0.80	0.80	0.28
Orange	2	2	1.44	0.69	1.00	0.50	0.50
Pineapple	2	3	0.91	0.64	0.92	0.44	0.67
Tea	3	4	1.44	1.04	0.95	0.62	0.50
Vanilla	1	1	0	0	0	0	1.00

S – species richness; N – no. of individuals; DMg – Margalef Richness Index; H’ – Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index; E – Pielou’s Evenness Index; D – Simpson’s Diversity index; Dominance – Berger-Parker Index

Table 7. Significant variance in Shannon-Wiener Diversity index between habitats using modified t-test by Hutcheson (1970).

	Agri	Bamb	Bana	Card	Coff	Fore	Habi	Open	Oran	Pine	Tea	Vani
Agri		0.1669	0.3766	0.2697	0.7820	0.0344	0.0213	0.4944	<.0001*	0.0014	0.0770	<.0001*
Bamb			0.9337	0.7570	0.1569	0.5291	0.2773	0.3118	0.0054	0.0285	0.4023	<.0001*
Bana				0.9011	0.4341	0.6384	0.4106	0.6003	0.1219	0.1269	0.4676	0.0128
Card					0.2846	0.3215	0.1680	0.5144	0.0015	0.0144	0.2914	<.0001*
Coff						0.0114	0.0126	0.5810	<.0001*	0.0016	0.0894	<.0001*
Fore							0.5067	0.0375	0.0020	0.0564	0.6326	<.0001*
Habi								0.0308	0.2251	0.2779	0.9871	0.0013
Open									<.0001*	0.0034	0.1358	<.0001*
Oran										0.8063	0.4110	1.0000
Pine											0.3950	0.0592
Tea												0.0538
Vani

Highlighted cells show significant differences between H’ between habitats, while those marked with asterisk show significance after Bonferroni correction

Figure 1. Proportions of individuals of small mammals trapped in Coorg.

Figure 2. (a) Proportion of new individuals captured per night; (b) Proportion of recaptures

Figure 3. Single linkage clustering of species richness of non-volant small mammals across habitats using Jaccard’s Index of Similarity

Figure 4. Average trap success of non-volant small mammals in broad habitats in Coorg

Figure 5. Affiliations to habitats by species.

Figure 6. Habitats occupied by non-volant small mammals in proportions (stacked).

Figure 7. Single linkage clustering of abundances of non-volant small mammals across

habitats using Morisitta-Horn Index of Similarity

Figure 8. Correspondence Analysis of non-volant small mammals depicting the dependence of

presence and abundance of species on habitat types. Numbers in parenthesis are percent variation

explained by each correspondence axis. Factor loading for banana and V. nilagirica are divided

by 10 before plotting to avoid scale problem.

Figure 9. Principal Component Analysis of non-volant small mammal data

depicting diversity profiles among habitats. Numbers in parenthesis are percent

variation explained by each principal component.

Image 1. Non-volant small mammal trapping sites in Coorg Western Ghats, Karnataka